SD 2700 Mid Term

dependency theory main ideas

- 1st world is dependent on 3rd world for producing everything for us - the exploitation of poorer nations is what drives rich economies - underdevelopment cannot be solved within a capitalist system - focuses on local economy and cutting ties with dependent international exploitative relationships

theory of modernization main ideas

- climbing an economic ladder - US is the idealized model for economics/development - technological advances and industrialization

colonialism and development

- colonialism started with trade - states run by the military - capitalism main method of development - a shift from political focus from power to economics - legacies in development - exploitation and control, luxury commodities, the slave trade is the foundation for capitalism

gender in/and development main ideas

- combining justice and development - social, political, economic equality of the sexes - critiquing male supremacy - problems with conventional neoclassical and neo-liberal economies - to address poverty and inequality we must learn and address the root causes - many externalities provided by women for the system - childbirth, childcare, household work, etc.

modernization theory critiques

- ethnocentric - system works for white men and upper class, ignored inequality, devalues tradition - doesn't care about environmental justice, only cares about economic growth and making money - believes all societies can succeed on this one path

2 main types of alternative development

- participatory development - people participating - community based development - community control

alternative development main ideas

- people decide and the community participates - not about GDP growth, measure human development - economic growth creates inequality - against market and state control - bottom-up development - provide for the needs of the people and protect the environment

5 categories of the modern economic ladder

- traditional - pre-conditions for take-off - take-off - drive to maturity - age of high mass consumption

state-led development main ideas

- underdeveloped countries wanted to find a different way of development - economy not controlled by market, controlled by state - economic ladder still exists in this theory

gender in/and development phases

- women in development - 70s - including women in development - women and development - 80s - women included in and having input in development, addressing inequality - gender and development - 90s - considering gender divisions in development

gender in/and development theories

1. liberal feminism - international human rights 2. radical feminism - challenges the patriarchy and how it oppresses women 3. socialist feminism - challenges capitalism and how it oppresses production and reproduction 4. postmodern feminism - modernist constructions focusing on power and oppression

enlightenment ideas vs counter enlightenment ideas

E - think and do, humans superior to all CE - practice first and then decide what to do, we live with nature

gender in/and development

women critiquing the system because it favors men, fighting for equality and against the patriarchal system, acknowledging how social inequality and systems impact development and the economy

ISI - inport substituation industrialization

to increase market, set import tariffs, raise exchange rate - make imports cheaper and exports more expensive

alternative development

a development approach that calls into question the basic tenets of neoliberalism such as a universal faith in markets, a focus on reducing government programs and roles, and the assumption that development is a purely economic process.

theory of modernization

a model of economic and social development that explains global inequality in terms of technological and cultural differences between nations

dependency theory

a model of economic and social development that explains global inequality in terms of the historical exploitation of poor nations by rich ones

state-led development

an approach to economic management in which the state plays a prominent role in coordinating the behavior of economic actors and intervening in the economy

development types

immanent - natural, nature guides what happens international - external, deliberate, those with power guide what happens

does development cure or fix poverty and underdevelopment?

no, there are multiple arguments for this but as the past and present has proven, modern development and climbing an economic ladder does not help all nations escape poverty. It worked for the US because we have other nations to exploit in our growth, those exploited nations cannot grow in the same ways because of different culture, politics, economy, and the lack of availability to exploit others for personal growth, and maybe they don't want to be exploitive, find a new way.