Semester 1 Physics Final Study Guide

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Noise cancelling headphones use _ to reduce or eliminate sound.

destructive interference

Noise-canceling earphones are an example of

destructive interference

The period of an ocean wave is 10 seconds. What is the wave's frequency?

0.10 Hz

A weight on the end of a spring bobs up and down one complete cycle every 4.0 seconds. Its frequency is

0.25 hertz

A 680-Hz sound wave travels at 340 m/s in air, with a wavelength of

0.5 m.

A certain ocean wave has a frequency of 0.07 hertz and a wavelength of 10 meters. What is the wave's speed?

0.70 m/s

A wave has two crests and two troughs each second. If the wave travels an average distance of 8 meters in 4 seconds, its wavelength is

1 m.

An explosion occurs 340 m away. Given that sound travels at 340 m/s, the time the sound takes to reach you is

1 s.

Compared to a sound of 10 decibels, a sound of 50 decibels has

10,000 times the intensity

Suppose you sound a tuning fork at the same time you hit a 1053-Hz note on the piano and hear 3 beats/sec. You tighten the piano string very slightly and now hear 4 beats/sec. What is the frequency of the tuning fork?

1050 Hz

A tuning fork of frequency 300 Hz will resonate if a sound wave incident on it has a frequency of

150 Hz

A leaf on a pond oscillates up and down two complete cycles each second as a water wave passes. What is the wave's frequency?

2 hertz

A wave travels an average distance of 6 meters in 3 seconds. What is the wave's velocity?

2 m/s

The speed of light is approximately

300,000,000 m/s

Two waves arrive at the same place at the same time exactly in step with each other. Each wave has an amplitude of 2.5 m. The resulting wave has an amplitude of

5 m.

A skipper on a boat notices wave crests passing the anchor chain every 6.0 seconds. The skipper estimates the distance between crests at 30.0 m. What is the speed of the water waves?

5 m/s

A cork floating in a pool oscillates up and down three complete cycles in 1 second as a wave passes by. The wave's wavelength is 2 meters. What is the wave's speed?

6 m/s

Beats are produced when two tuning forks, one of frequency 240 Hz and the other of frequency 248 Hz, are sounded together. The frequency of the beats is

8 Hz

The amplitude of a particular wave is 4.0 m. The top-to-bottom distance of the disturbance is

8 m.

Which of these electromagnetic waves has the shortest wavelength? Ultraviolet waves, Infrared waves, Radio waves, X-rays, Visible Light waves

X-rays

During a lunar eclipse

Earth is between the sun and the moon

Solar eclipses are seen less commonly than lunar eclipses because

Earth's shadow on the moon is larger than the moon's shadow on Earth.

As the sound of a car's horn passes and recedes from you, the pitch of the horn seems to

decrease

Photons are massless, bundles of concentrated electromagnetic energy, the particle theory of light's dual nature. True or false.

True

Hertz

Unit of frequency

Sound waves cannot travel in

a vacuum

Resonance occurs when

an object is forced to vibrate at its natural frequency

Where can you touch a standing wave on a rope without disturbing the wave?

at a node

The Doppler effect occurs when a source of sound moves

away from you and towards you

The main difference between a radio wave and a sound wave is its

basic nature

When two sounds of slightly different frequencies are sounded together, the regular fluctuation in the loudness of the combined sounds is called

beats

Electromagnetic waves

can travel through a vacuum and don't need a medium to travel through

The only things humans can see are things that

emit light or reflect light

A thin beam of light is called an X-ray. True or False.

false

Electromagnetic heat waves are called ultraviolet waves.

false

Excited atoms never return to their normal state. True or false.

false

Infrared waves are responsible for sunburn.

false

Materials that allow light to pass through them in straight lines are called opaque materials. True or False?

false

The color of an opaque object is the color the object absorbs. True or false.

false

The complementary color of cyan light is green light. True or false.

false

The number of times a wave vibrates each second is its period. True or false.

false

The time for a complete back and forth swing of a pendulum is its frequency. True or false.

false

Ultrasonic sound waves have frequencies below 20Hz. True or false.

false

When the high part of one wave fills in the low part of another wave, constructive interference occurs. True or false.

false

The unit of measure for the period of a wave is hertz. True or false.

false.

If the sun were to disappear right now, we wouldn't know about it for 8 minutes because it takes 8 minutes

for light to travel from the sun to Earth

Beats can be heard when two tuning forks

have almost the same frequency and are sounded together

Does sound travel faster in water, ice, or steam?

ice

Standing waves can be set up

in organ pipes, by blowing across the top of a soda bottle, on strings of musical instruments

Heat lamps give off mostly

infrared waves

The phenomenon of beats results from sound

interference

When two or more waves are at the same place at the same time, the resulting effect is called

interference

Compared to the wavelength of ultraviolet waves, the wavelength of infrared waves is

longer

A sound wave is a

longitudinal wave

Sound is an example of a

longitudinal wave

Electromagnetic waves are

longitudinal waves

The electromagnetic waves used to cook food are

microwaves

When an object composed of an elastic material is disturbed, it vibrates at its own special set of frequencies called its

natural frequency

Which has a faster speed? Radio waves, microwaves, visible light

none, they all have the same speed

During a single period, the distance traveled by a wave is

one wavelength

Light does not pass through what kind of materials?

opaque

The time needed for a wave to make one complete cycle is its

period

Sound waves in air are a series of

periodic disturbances, periodic condensations and rarefactions, high- and low-pressure regions

The word we use to describe our subjective impression of frequency is

pitch

A singer shattering crystal glass with her voice is a demonstration of

resonance

The shadow produced by an object held close to a piece of paper in sunlight will be

sharp

A child swings back and forth on a playground swing. If the child stands rather than sits, the time for a back and forth swing is

shortened

You dip your finger repeatedly into water and make waves. If you dip your finger more frequently, the wavelength of the waves

shortens

Compared to its speed in air, the speed of light in water is

slower

Compared to the speed of light, sound travels

slower

Sounds travel most quickly through

solids

The three media sound travels through are

solids, liquids, and gasses

Which of the following is NOT an electromagnetic wave? Visible Light, Radio, Sound, Infrared, X-Ray

sound

Which of the following are fundamentally different from the others? Sound waves, X-rays, Gamma rays, Light waves, Radio waves

sound waves

Which of the following would be most likely to transmit sound with the highest speed?

steel in a bridge

Compared to the threshold of hearing, a sound level of 10 decibels is

ten times more intense

During a solar eclipse

the moon is between the sun and the Earth

The Doppler effect is the change in observed frequency due to

the motion of the source or the observer

Compared to the velocity of radio waves, the velocity of visible light waves is

the same

The primary purpose of polarized sunglasses is

to block glare from reflections

A wave created by shaking a rope up and down is called a

transverse wave

A wave moving perpendicular to the direction its energy moves is called a

transverse wave

Electromagnetic waves are

transverse waves

A total shadow is called an umbra. True or False.

true

Energy emitted by vibrating electric charges is carried by electromagnetic waves. True or False?

true

Light sometimes acts as a wave and sometimes as a particle. True or False

true

Light that reflects at glancing angles from nonmetallic surfaces, such as glsss, water, or roads, vibrates mainly in the plane of the reflecting surface. True or false.

true

Nodes in a standing wave normally remain stationary. True or false.

true

Sound cannot travel through a vacuum. True or false.

true

Sound waves are examples of longitudinal waves. True or false.

true

The distance light travels in one year is called a light-year.

true

Typical glass is transparent to visible light, but not to

ultraviolet and infrared

The electromagnetic waves used to help plants grow in greenhouses are

ultraviolet waves

The source of all electromagnetic waves is

vibrating charges

Sound waves are produced by

vibrating objects

The source of all wave motion is a

vibration

All sound waves are created by

vibrations

Sound travels that fastest in air if the air is

warm

The distance between successive identical parts of a wave is called its

wavelength

The main difference between a radio wave and a light wave is its

wavelength


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