Skeletal System

How much of our skeleton is replaced each year?

10%

Individual cells within the lamellae are called

Osteocytes

Your friend tells you that he is going to the doctor to have a Pott's fracture treated. Next time you see him, you will see a cast ________

around his ankle

_______________ bones are the thinner ones

Flat bones(sternum)

Bones allow you to store

Phosphate, Calcium, and minerals

What would your suggestion be to keep astronauts skeletons healthy in space?

Prepare them well before they leave and take care of them extensively when they arrive

The basic structural units of bone are called: _______________

Osteons

What is the name of the canal that connects osteons to other osteons?

Perforating

What is the outer layer of bone called?

Periosteum

What is the process called when bones replace old, worn out bone tissue, with new, healthy tissue?

Remodeling

What is the "secret ingredient" to how strong our bones are?

The structure of trabecular bone

What type of bone marrow produces blood cells?

Red

The __________________ skeleton (pretty much everything else) contains the bones that help us move around

Appendicular

The _________ skeleton includes 80 bones divided into the skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage regions

Axial

The flared ends of a long bone are called: _______________

Epiphyses

The average human body contains ______ bones

206

Every ____ to ____ years you get a new skeleton

7, 10

While observing bone tissue, you notice that osteoblast activity exceeds osteoclast activity. Which of the following events are you observing?

Bone growth

The osteocytes are connected by tiny channels called

Canaliculi

In the embryonic stage your bone starts off as _________________

Cartilage

__________________ house your osteocytes

Lacunae

What are the rings formed by the osteocytes called?

Lamella

Why is it important we have both types of bone, and not just one or the other?

To make our bones strong, light, flexible, and efficient

What is the "honeycomb" like bone on the inside called?

Trabecular bone

Bones maintain homeostasis by regulating blood calcium levels.

True

Which of the following is essential for normal bone growth?

Vitamin D3, Sex hormones, Calcium

What are four things you can do to help prevent osteoporosis and maintain bone health? Why are these things helpful?

Walking, jogging, dancing, and weight training They're helpful because they stimulate remodeling and promote bone growth

Hematopoiesis

blood cell production

The central shaft of a long bone is called the ________.

diaphysis

Which of the following matches the cell with its function?

osteoblasts: ossification

_____________________ stimulate bone remodeling and ultimately bone strength

Exercise

Bones are dead tissue

False

What is in the center of each osteon?

Haversian canal

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

It is the main source of body heat.

Intramembranous ossification results in the formation of which of the following bones?

Mandible

Where are trabeculae located?

On the spongy bone

Your bone makers are your _________________________

Osteoblasts

Your bone breakers are your _________________________

Osteoclasts

What is the main difference between spongy bone and compact bone?

Compact bones contain osteons; spongy bones contain trabeculae.

_______________________ are mature bone cells that monitor and maintain your bone matrix

Osteocytes

What are the three areas most at risk for an osteoporotic fracture?

Spine, thighbone, and wrist

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

temperature maintenance

The _______________ in an osteon hold nerves and blood vessels

Central canal

What are the two type of bone tissue that are found in bones?

Compact and spongy

Who copied the structure of this bone to build the tallest building in the world (at one time)?

Gustave Eiffel in 1889

What is the hard shell on the outside of the bone called?

Cortical bone

_______________ bones are cube-shaped. As long as they are wide

Short bones (talus)

Which of the following bone shapes and examples are mismatched?

Short bones; vertebrae

______________________ bones are all the weirdly shaped bones

Irregular bones(vertebrae)

Compact bone is made of multiple osteons which are composed of concentric circles called

Lamellae

_______________ bones are the classic "dog like" looking bones. Longer than they are wide

Long bones (tibia and fibula)

What contains the yellow marrow in a long bone?

Medullary cavity

The shaft of a long bone is called what?

diaphysis

Blood is generated in your _____

bone marrow

What type of bone marrow stores energy as fat?

Yellow

The majority of the weight of the bone is due to ________.

calcium salts

Which of the following is responsible for the production of new bone?

osteoblasts

The cross section of an osteon looks like the rings of a __________________

tree trunk

The shaft of a long bone is called: _______________________

Diaphysis

Where are fractures most likely to appear?

Where there is trabecular bone