skeletal
calcium
the primary mineral in bone is
has its fibers randomly oriented
woven bone
calcium, phosphate, and vitamin D
Normal bone growth requires adequate amounts of _____, _____, and _____ in the diet
Decreased bone matrix and decreased collagen fibers are effects of aging
One effect of aging on the skeletal system is
connective tissue surrounding blood vessels from the endosteum
Osteoblasts involved in bone growth in length come primarily from
parathyroid hormone
Osteoclast activity is increased by
calcitonin
Osteoclast activity would be decreased by
ruffled borders
Osteoclasts have projections that cause bone resorption called
collagen
Osteogenesis imperfecta can be caused by abnormally formed
give cartilage its resilient nature
Proteoglycan molecules in the matrix of cartilage
a disease in children characterized by soft, bowed, and swollen bones
Rickets is
contains interconnecting plates called trabeculae
Spongy bone tissue
osteocyte
The cell type that is responsible for maintaining bone once it has been formed is the
hydroxyapatite crystals
The compression (weight-bearing) strength of bone matrix is due to the presence of
perichondrium
The connective tissue sheath of cartilage is called the
hairline fracture
A bone fracture in which the two bone sections do not separate is a(an)
closed fracture
A bone fracture that does not perforate the skin is a(an)
canaliulus
A passageway connecting neighboring osteocytes in an osteon is a
the tibia
An example of a long bone would be
as bones grow. as bones adjust to stress. as fractures heal. constantly during a person's lifetime. All of these choices are correct.!
Bone remodeling may occur
osteogenesis imperfecta
Brittle bone disorder is another name for
cartilage matrix
Chondroblasts produce
bone matrix
Collagen and calcium hydroxyapatite are the primary constituents of
fractures
The most common bone disease is osteoporosis. The most common consequence of this disease is
lay down bone matrix
The primary function of osteoblasts is to
strength of the bone
The proportion of collagen to hydroxyapatite in bone determines the
osteoblast and osteoclast activity
The remodeling of bone tissue is a function of
osteochondral progenitor cells
The stem cells of osteoblasts and chondroblasts are
monocytes
The stem cells of osteoclasts are
hyaline cartilage
The type of cartilage associated with bone function and development is
are the basic units in compact bone tissue
Haversian systems or osteons
protection of the brain and soft organs
Important functions of the skeletal system include
new chondrocytes and new matrix are added on the outside of the tissue
In appositional growth of cartilage,
spongy and compact bone
In which type of bone are osteoblasts and osteoclasts present?
compact bone
In which type of bone would osteons be present?
spongy bone
In which type of bone would trabeculae be present?
osteocytes
What are the maintenance cells in bone tissue?
calcitonin
What chemical causes a decrease in the blood calcium level?
parathyroid hormone
What chemical causes an increase in the blood calcium level?
vitamin D
What chemical ingested or synthesized by the body is necessary for calcium absorption from the intestines?
osteoclasts
When a fracture begins to heal, one type of bone cell moves into the fracture site and tears down the damaged bone tissue. Which of the following does this?
osteoclast activity increases
When blood calcium levels are low
osteoclast
Which of the following cell types is responsible for breaking down bone matrix?
immunity
Which of the following is NOT a function of bone?
Hydrogen ions form an acid environment in bone matrix.
Which of the following is associated with osteoclast resorption of bone?
osteoclasts - responsible for resorption
Which of the following is correctly matched?
short bone - carpal bone
Which of the following is correctly matched?
parathyroid hormone - increases calcium loss in the kidneys
Which of the following is mismatched?
proteoglycan
Which of the following matrix molecules in cartilage tends to trap large quantities of water?
Osteoblasts form collagen and proteoglycans.
Which of the following occurs in the formation of mineralized bone matrix?
Exposure of a bone to increased stress can lead to bone remodeling.
Which of the following statements about bone remodeling and repair is correct?
When blood calcium levels are too low, osteoclast activity increases
Which of the following statements regarding calcium homeostasis is true?
spongy bone
Which type of bone appears porous?
osteoclasts
Which type of bone cells are large cells that form from fusion of monocytes?
osteoblasts
Which type of bone cells combine hydroxyapatite and collagen to form extracellular bone matrix?
osteochondral progenitor cell
Which type of bone cells give rise to osteoblasts?
osteocytes
Which type of bone cells have processes that lie in canaliculi?
osteoclasts
Which type of bone cells have ruffled borders and secrete acids?
osteocytes
Which type of bone cells lie in lacunae?
osteoblasts
Which type of bone cells package calcium and phosphate ions?
osteoblasts
Which type of bone cells possess extensive ER and ribosomes?
compact bone
Which type of bone is considered dense bone?
contains chondrocytes located in lacunae
cartilage
is organized into thin sheets of tissue
lamellar bone
bone to bone
ligaments attach
greenstick fracture
A bone fracture generally found in children that is incomplete is a(an)
impaction fracture
A bone fracture in which one fragment is driven into the cancellous bone of the other fragment is a(an)
tendon
A band of connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone is a(n)
