skeletal

calcium

the primary mineral in bone is

has its fibers randomly oriented

woven bone

calcium, phosphate, and vitamin D

Normal bone growth requires adequate amounts of _____, _____, and _____ in the diet

Decreased bone matrix and decreased collagen fibers are effects of aging

One effect of aging on the skeletal system is

connective tissue surrounding blood vessels from the endosteum

Osteoblasts involved in bone growth in length come primarily from

parathyroid hormone

Osteoclast activity is increased by

calcitonin

Osteoclast activity would be decreased by

ruffled borders

Osteoclasts have projections that cause bone resorption called

collagen

Osteogenesis imperfecta can be caused by abnormally formed

give cartilage its resilient nature

Proteoglycan molecules in the matrix of cartilage

a disease in children characterized by soft, bowed, and swollen bones

Rickets is

contains interconnecting plates called trabeculae

Spongy bone tissue

osteocyte

The cell type that is responsible for maintaining bone once it has been formed is the

hydroxyapatite crystals

The compression (weight-bearing) strength of bone matrix is due to the presence of

perichondrium

The connective tissue sheath of cartilage is called the

hairline fracture

A bone fracture in which the two bone sections do not separate is a(an)

closed fracture

A bone fracture that does not perforate the skin is a(an)

canaliulus

A passageway connecting neighboring osteocytes in an osteon is a

the tibia

An example of a long bone would be

as bones grow. as bones adjust to stress. as fractures heal. constantly during a person's lifetime. All of these choices are correct.!

Bone remodeling may occur

osteogenesis imperfecta

Brittle bone disorder is another name for

cartilage matrix

Chondroblasts produce

bone matrix

Collagen and calcium hydroxyapatite are the primary constituents of

fractures

The most common bone disease is osteoporosis. The most common consequence of this disease is

lay down bone matrix

The primary function of osteoblasts is to

strength of the bone

The proportion of collagen to hydroxyapatite in bone determines the

osteoblast and osteoclast activity

The remodeling of bone tissue is a function of

osteochondral progenitor cells

The stem cells of osteoblasts and chondroblasts are

monocytes

The stem cells of osteoclasts are

hyaline cartilage

The type of cartilage associated with bone function and development is

are the basic units in compact bone tissue

Haversian systems or osteons

protection of the brain and soft organs

Important functions of the skeletal system include

new chondrocytes and new matrix are added on the outside of the tissue

In appositional growth of cartilage,

spongy and compact bone

In which type of bone are osteoblasts and osteoclasts present?

compact bone

In which type of bone would osteons be present?

spongy bone

In which type of bone would trabeculae be present?

osteocytes

What are the maintenance cells in bone tissue?

calcitonin

What chemical causes a decrease in the blood calcium level?

parathyroid hormone

What chemical causes an increase in the blood calcium level?

vitamin D

What chemical ingested or synthesized by the body is necessary for calcium absorption from the intestines?

osteoclasts

When a fracture begins to heal, one type of bone cell moves into the fracture site and tears down the damaged bone tissue. Which of the following does this?

osteoclast activity increases

When blood calcium levels are low

osteoclast

Which of the following cell types is responsible for breaking down bone matrix?

immunity

Which of the following is NOT a function of bone?

Hydrogen ions form an acid environment in bone matrix.

Which of the following is associated with osteoclast resorption of bone?

osteoclasts - responsible for resorption

Which of the following is correctly matched?

short bone - carpal bone

Which of the following is correctly matched?

parathyroid hormone - increases calcium loss in the kidneys

Which of the following is mismatched?

proteoglycan

Which of the following matrix molecules in cartilage tends to trap large quantities of water?

Osteoblasts form collagen and proteoglycans.

Which of the following occurs in the formation of mineralized bone matrix?

Exposure of a bone to increased stress can lead to bone remodeling.

Which of the following statements about bone remodeling and repair is correct?

When blood calcium levels are too low, osteoclast activity increases

Which of the following statements regarding calcium homeostasis is true?

spongy bone

Which type of bone appears porous?

osteoclasts

Which type of bone cells are large cells that form from fusion of monocytes?

osteoblasts

Which type of bone cells combine hydroxyapatite and collagen to form extracellular bone matrix?

osteochondral progenitor cell

Which type of bone cells give rise to osteoblasts?

osteocytes

Which type of bone cells have processes that lie in canaliculi?

osteoclasts

Which type of bone cells have ruffled borders and secrete acids?

osteocytes

Which type of bone cells lie in lacunae?

osteoblasts

Which type of bone cells package calcium and phosphate ions?

osteoblasts

Which type of bone cells possess extensive ER and ribosomes?

compact bone

Which type of bone is considered dense bone?

contains chondrocytes located in lacunae

cartilage

is organized into thin sheets of tissue

lamellar bone

bone to bone

ligaments attach

greenstick fracture

A bone fracture generally found in children that is incomplete is a(an)

impaction fracture

A bone fracture in which one fragment is driven into the cancellous bone of the other fragment is a(an)

tendon

A band of connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone is a(n)