Slavic 90 Test 2

Filioque

"And from the Son"; western christian doctrine that holds that the Holy spirit proceeds from the father AND the son

Saint Wenceslas

(Vaclav)

Slavia Orthodoxa

Eastern Christianity (orthodox)

Cyrillo-Methodian Mission

Prince Rastislav of Moravia wanted to convert his people to christianity. He wanted a native Slavic clergy and liturgy in Slavic rather than Latin. In 862 he writes to Byzantine emperor Michael III for help. He sent St. Cyril (constantine) and St. Methodius to Moravia. Mission was not successful.

Magyars

an ethnic group centered in present-day Hungary

Battle of Mohacs 1526

czechs become part of Habsburg empire

Moravia (Brno)

is a historical region in the east of the Czech Republic and one of three historical Czech lands, with Bohemia and Czech Silesia. Moravia's largest city and historical capital is Brno.

Vltava River (Moldau)

is the longest river within the Czech Republic, running southeast along the Bohemian Forest and then north across Bohemia, through Český Krumlov, České Budějovice and Prague. commonly referred to as the "Czech national river"

"Kde domov muj" (Where is my home) (Fidlovacka; 1834)

is the national anthem of the Czech Republic, written by the composer František Škroup and the playwright Josef Kajetán Tyl

Old Church Slavonic

language that the Bible and other liturgical texts where translated into by Cyril and Methodius

Philology

study (love) of language and literature

Glagolitic

the first known Slavic Alphabet

Gregorian Calendar

western christianity

Slavia Romania

western christianity (catholicism, protestantism)

Vaclav Hanka (1791-1861)

"Queen's Court Manuscript" ("discovered" in 1817)

Josef Dobrovsky (1753-1829)

"history of the Czech language" (1792;1818)

Kaiserlich und koniglich

"imperial and royal"- the union of Austria (imperial) and Hungary (royal)

The Little Czech man

"smallness"- small Czech places "golden hands"- value craftiness everyday identity

Ultraquism

("sub utraque specie")

Jan Hus

(1372-1415) The leader of the Czech religious reforms, and the spiritual founder of the Protestant reformation in the 1500's. He was convicted by the Council of Constance for heresy. was a Czech theologian and philosopher who became a church reformer and an inspirer of Hussitism, a key predecessor to Protestantism and a seminal figure in the Bohemian Reformation.

Tomas Masaryk

(1850-1937)

hacheks

(i.e. š č ž)

Bohemia (Prague)

the westernmost and largest historical region of the Czech lands in the present-day Czech Republic. In a broader meaning, Bohemia sometimes refers to the entire Czech territory, including Moravia and Czech Silesia, especially in a historical context, such as the Lands of the Bohemian Crown ruled by Bohemian kings. Prague is the capital and largest city in the Czech Republic, the 13th largest city in the European Union and the historical capital of Bohemia.

The Golden Age of Bohemia

under the rule of Charles IV, 14th century to 1620

Jan Palach

was a Czech student of history and political economy at Charles University in Prague. His self-immolation was a political protest against the end of the Prague Spring resulting from the 1968 invasion of Czechoslovakia by the Warsaw Pact armies.

Alexander Dubcek

was a Czechoslovak and Slovak politician who served as the First Secretary of the Presidium of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia from January 1968 to April 1969. He attempted to reform the communist government during the Prague Spring but was forced to resign following the Warsaw Pact invasion in August 1968.

Public Against Violence

was a political movement established in Bratislava, Slovakia in November 1989. It was the Slovak counterpart of the Czech Civic Forum. Public Against Violence was similar to Civic Forum in being a broad movement in opposition to Communism.

Nad Tatrou sa blyska

(Lightning over the Tatras)

Naum of Ohrid

(ca. 830-910) follower of Methodius, helped create the first flourishing language of Slavic Christian culture. new alphabet - Cyrillic

Clement of Ohrid (modern day north macedonia)

(ca. 840-916) follower of Methodius, helped create the first flourishing language of Slavic Christian culture. new alphabet - Cyrillic

Ausleich (1867)

(compromise) The habsburg Empire becomes Austria-Hungary

Tatra, Fatra, Matra

(or the Tatra-Fatra Belt of core mountains) Most of the area lies in Slovakia with small parts reaching into Austria and Poland.

Jan Kollar (1793-1852)

- "Daughter of Slava" (1824-1832) - "Slavic Reciprocity" (1836)

Pavel Josef Safarik (1795-1861)

- "History of Slavic Language and Literature" (1826) - "Slavic Antiquities" (1837) - "Slavic Ethnography" (1842)

Frantisek Palacky (1798-1876)

- A Czech historian and politician, the most influential person of the Czech National Revival, called "Father of the Nation". - "The history of the Czech nation in Bohemia and Moravia" (1836-1865)

Josef Jungmann (1773-1847)

-History of Czech literature (1825) - Czech-German Dictionary (1835-1839)

Perestroika

A policy initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev that involved restructuring of the social and economic status quo in communist Russia towards a market based economy and society

Preslav

Bulgaria

Bratislava

Capital of Slovakia. Bordering Austria and Hungary, it is the only national capital that borders two sovereign states.

Vaclav Havel

Czech dramatist and statesman whose plays opposed totalitarianism and who served as the last President of Czechoslovakia from 1989 until the dissolution of Czechoslovakia in 1992 and then as the first President of the Czech Republic from 1993 to 2003

Mikhail Gorbachev

Head of the Soviet Union from 1985 to 1991. His liberalization effort improved relations with the West, but he lost power after his reforms led to the collapse of Communist governments in eastern Europe. by the early 1990s had moved toward social democracy.

Lustration

In politics, lustration refers to the purge of government officials in Central and Eastern Europe. Various forms of lustration were employed in post-communist Europe and, more recently, in Ukraine.

Trilingualism

Latin Greek and Hebrew

Warsaw Pact

a collective defense treaty signed in Warsaw, Poland between the Soviet Union and seven other Eastern Bloc socialist republics of Central and Eastern Europe in May 1955, during the Cold War. in response to NATO

Vysehrad

a historic fort located in the city of Prague, Czech Republic. the whole complex was renewed by Charles IV.

Silesia (Ostrava)

a historical region of Central Europe located mostly in Poland, with small parts in the Czech Republic and Germany. Ostrava is the capital of the Moravian-Silesian Region.

glasnost

a policy of the Soviet government allowing freer discussion of social problems

Julian Calendar

eastern christianity, a few (14) days "later"

National Theater (1844-1881)

in Prague is known as the alma mater of Czech opera, and as the national monument of Czech history and art. The National Theatre belongs to the most important Czech cultural institutions, with a rich artistic tradition, which helped to preserve and develop the most important features of the nation-the Czech language and a sense for a Czech musical and dramatic way of thinking.

National Museum (1818) (Prague)

is a Czech museum institution intended to systematically establish, prepare, and publicly exhibit natural scientific and historical collections. It was founded in 1818 by Kašpar Maria Šternberg. Historian František Palacký was also strongly involved in the foundation of the museum.

Battle of White Mountain (1620)

the Habsburgs crushed a rebellion of the Bohemian noble Estates in defense of Protestant rights. Habsburg punish them by suppressing their culture

papal supremacy

the claim of medieval popes that they had authority over all secular rulers. western christians saw the bishop of rome as having universal power over the whole church.

Wenceslas Square

the site of the protests held in Czechoslovakia; people stood outside the government building chanting "resign" and "free czechoslovakia"; Dubcek addressed the crowd, and then resigned; part of Velvet Revolution; is one of the main city squares and the centre of the business and cultural communities in the New Town of Prague, Czech Republic. Many historical events occurred there, and it is a traditional setting for demonstrations, celebrations, and other public gatherings.

Velvet Revolution (17 November-29 December 1989)

was a non-violent transition of power in what was then Czechoslovakia. Participants : Czechs and Slovaks. Outcome : Collapse of the communist regime in Czechoslovakia , Restoration of parliamentary democracy, Breakup of Czechoslovakia, Integration of the Czech Republic and Slovakia into the EU and NATO, Dismantling of the command economy and privatization of state-owned industry

Civic Forum

was a political movement in the Czech part of Czechoslovakia, established during the Velvet Revolution in 1989. purpose was to unify the dissident forces in Czechoslovakia and to overthrow the Communist regime. In this, they succeeded when the Communists gave up power in November 1989 after only 10 days of protests. Leader: Vaclav Havel

Czechoslovakia

was a sovereign state in Central Europe that existed from October 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until its peaceful dissolution into the Czech Republic and Slovakia on 1 January 1993.