SLP 108- All Quiz Questions (Final Prep)

A patient with aphasia who is able to understand speech but has difficulty expressing speech is known to have ___________.

Broca's aphasia

Analysis of the electrochemical code is prepared for an articulatory plan and sent to the orofacial cells in the primary motor cortex takes place in ____________.

Broca's area

Contraction of the stylopharyngeus muscle for swallowing is innervated by ______________

CN IX

Contraction of the facial muscles is innervated by _____________.

CN VII

A patient with Bell's Palsy will have an absent acoustic reflex because _________________.

CN VII innervates the stapedius muscle

Only _____________ has just sensory function.

CN VIII

The auditory nerve is _______________.

CN VIII

A patient with Cerebral Palsy may have damage to ______________ resulting in articulation difficulties.

CN XII

If a large vocal tract generally predicts a low F0, how can a male opera singer reach high notes?

He can tense and lengthen his vocal folds

Increasing your vocal fundamental frequency will

Increase the longitudinal stress on the vocal folds

A patient with Parkinson's Disease may demonstrate speech that has been affected by deficiencies in both the respiratory and phonological systems.

True

A patient with spasmodic dysphonia has random breathiness due to sudden adduction of the vocal folds during speech.

True

CHECK THIS**** The articulatory system processes activity that is considered subglottal.

True

CHECK THIS****** The major regulator of intensity is increased mass per unit length of the vocal folds.

True

Consonants like /f/ as in 'fun' or /s/ as in 'bus' are voiced and the vocal folds are adducted.

True

Fundamental Frequency is controlled by the size of the vibrating mass.

True

In general, vowels produce the greatest acoustic energy

True

In speech breathing more air is typically inhaled than in quiet breathing.

True

Relaxation of the levator palatini is needed for the production of most phonemes.

True

Speech breathing is the regulation of breathing for voice and speech production.

True

The Adam's Apple is the most prominent anterior point of the thyroid cartilage

True

The alveolar ridge is part of the hard palate behind the top front teeth.

True

The myoelastic aerodynamic theory of voice production tells us that vocal fold vibration occurs passively due to the interaction of the aerodynamics and the biomechanical properties of the vocal fold tissues.

True

The purpose of the intrinsic muscles is to provide shaping of the tongue surface.

True

Within the geriatric population, individuals may run out of the raw material of air before they finish a sentence.

True

Auditory fibers bundle together to form the ____________.

VIII cranial nerve

The electrochemical energy of the acoustic signal ascends the auditory pathways to the cortex and are FIRST analyzed in __________________.

Wernicke's area

The basilar membrane may be thought of as _______________.

a high cut-off, low pass filter

The external intercostal muscles are

a series of muscles between each pair of ribs that are angled inferiorly and anteriorly

A formant is ______________.

a vocal tract resonance

A person with a cleft palate may have a nasal quality to their voice because

air flows through the cleft and resonates in the nasal cavity

The traveling wave theory describes

all of the above (how sound move through the inner ear, how hair cells are sheared, how fluid movement affects the hair cells)

A person with damage to the inner ear may have _______________.

all of the above (sensorineural hearing loss, a severe hearing loss, a profound hearing loss)

In the case of spasmodic dysphonia

all the possible answers are correct

The following statements are true regarding pleural linkage:

all the possible answers are correct (connects lungs to rib cage & diaphragm, fluid holds the pleural layers together but allows sliding, lungs are pulled along as rib cage and diaphragm move)

The patient with Parkinson's Disease

all the possible answers are correct (may not have good muscular control, may run out of air before the end of a sentence, may speak very quietly)

The cricothyroid joint

allows the cricoid cartilage to rock forward and downward to achieve vocal fold elongation

The cricothyroid joint

allows the thyroid cartilage to rock forward and downward to achieve vocal fold elongation

The place behind the upper teeth used for articulation of consonants such as /t/ and /d/ is called the ______________.

alveolar ridge

The middle ear is _________________.

an air filled space

Boyle's Law describes

an inverse relationship between volume and pressure

The terms inhalation and exhalation

are equivalent to the terms inspiration and expiration

The brainstem is located __________________________________.

at the bottom of the brain at the back of the skull

Unwanted air escaping through the glottis during speech may give the voice a quality of

breathiness

The velopharyngeal port is open for

breathing and production of nasals

The hearing mechanism can be thought of as a transducer. A transducer ____________.

changes one form of energy into another

The Organ of Corti contains _____________.

cilia

A person with damage to the outer or middle ear may have a _________________.

conductive hearing loss

The facial nerve is ___________ and innervates ___________.

cranial nerve VII, the stapedial muscle

The paired arytenoid cartilages articulate with the cricoid cartilage by means of the _________________ joint

cricoarytenoid

The abduction and adduction of the vocal folds is achieved by movement of the

cricoarytenoid joints

The abduction and adduction of the vocal folds is achieved by the movement of the

cricoarytenoid joints

The cricothyroid joint results in cartilage movement upon contraction of the _________ muscle.

cricothyroid muscle

The internal intercostal muscles are primarily active

during expiration

The external intercostal muscles are active

during inhalation

CHECK THIS****** The internal intercostal muscles are active

during inhalation and exhalation

During swallowing the larynx is protected by the

epiglottis

The _____________ protects the larynx during swallowing

epiglottis

The cartilage responsible for protecting the larynx during swallowing is the

epiglottis

The function of the Eustachian Tube is to ______________.

equalize air pressure between the atmosphere and the middle ear

The frontal lobe is responsible for _______________

executive function

CHECK THIS****** In speech breathing exhalation is faster and takes up less of the respiratory cycle.

false

A vocal tract resonance is a

formant

Respiration

generally, refers to the process of gas exchange at the cellular level

The ______________ muscle pulls the tongue up and forward for /i/ as in 'eat'.

genioglossus

The space between the vocal folds is called the

glottis

The __________ muscle pulls the tongue down and back as in 'ah'.

hyoglossus

The ____________ muscle pulls the tongue down and back as in 'ah'

hyoglossus

The major regulator of intensity is

increased lung pressure

The major muscles of the lower airway that function during exhalation is the

internal intercostals

______________ muscles run within the body of the tongue to provide shaping of the tongue surface.

intrinsic

When the diaphragm contracts

it flattens downward, expanding the volume of the lungs

Approximately 90% of the general population processes speech and language in the ___________________.

left hemisphere

The muscle that raises and lowers the velum is the __________________

levator palatini

Acoustic energy is transduced to mechanical energy in the _______________.

middle ear

To produce the /u/ as in 'true', the ____________ muscle rounds the lips

obicularis oris

Abduction refers to the _____ movement of the vocal folds, and adduction refers to the ______ movement of the vocal folds

opening, closing

A singer such as Steven Tyler or Adele may have vocal nodules or contact ulcers due to

overuse of the vocal folds

Most of the _________________ travels to the rest of the body by exiting or entering the spinal cord.

peripheral nervous system

The conversion of aerodynamic energy into acoustic energy is called

phonation

The outer ear consists of many parts including the

pinna

Relaxation of the levator palatini is needed for _____________

production of most phonemes

To produce the /i/ as in 'eat', the ______________ muscle spreads the lips.

risorius

The inner ear consists of many parts including the

semicircular canals

Orofacial part of the primary motor cortex ____________________.

sends commands to the brainstem for the execution of the plan (speech)

The velum is the

soft palate

The middle ear consists of many parts including the

stapes

A communication disorder that involves simultaneous abduction and adduction of the vocal folds is

stuttering

CHECK THIS**** The ____________ muscle pulls the tongue up and back for the /u/ 'loop'

styloglossus

The ______________ muscle pulls the tongue up and back for the /u/ as in 'you'.

styloglossus

The articulatory system processes activity that is considered _________________.

supraglottis

The _____________ are needed to obstruct airflow in the production of /s/.

teeth

Wernicke's area is located in the _____________.

temporal lobe

The Bernoulli effect tells us that

the air pressure will decrease as the air flows through the vocal tract in an area of constriction

What is the largest muscle of respiration?

the diaphragm

The major muscles of the lower airway that function during inspiration are

the diaphragm and the external intercostals

The space between the vocal folds is

the glottis

Raising and lowering the velum involves

the levator palatini

A patient with multiple sclerosis has breakdowns in ____________________ insulating the neuron.

the myelin sheath

Infant and pre-school children are prone to middle ear infections to __________________.

the position of the Eustachian tube

Speech Breathing is

the regulation of breathing for voice and speech production

Fundamental frequency is controlled by

the size of vibrating mass

In order to produce nasal consonants ________________

the velopharyngeal port must be open

The lungs are mechanically attached to the thoracic cavity by

the visceral pleura, which encases the outside of the lungs, and the parietal pleura, attached to the inside of the thoracic cavity, and pleural fluid between the two membranes

The mean Fo of men's voices, on average, is significantly lower than the mean Fo of women's voices because

the vocal folds of men usually have greater mass

Auditory hair cells are arranged in tonotopic order. This means that ______________.

they are frequency specific

The congenitally deaf speaker may have a breathy quality to their voice because

they have had no auditory input upon which to develop speech

Contraction of the external intercostal muscles results in

upward and outward expansion of the rib cage, expanding the volume of the lungs

Another name for the soft palate is the ____________

velum

The myoelastic aerodynamic theory of voice production tells us that

vocal fold vibration occurs passively due to the interaction of the aerodynamics and the biomechanical properties of the vocal fold tissues

The most powerful phonemes that produce the most acoustic energy are ____________.

vowels

The risorius is needed in the production of

/i/ in 'each'

The obicularis oris is needed in the production of

/u/ in 'true'

Average fundamental frequency during reading aloud has been measured at

215 Hz for women and 115 Hz for men