SOC 101: Reading questions

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What is the Thomas theorem?

"if people define situations as real, they are real in consequences"

CHAPTER 4: THE SELF & INTERACTION

.

READING: The relatively short-lived enthusiasm for leg warmers during the 1980s was an example of

A FAD

In the workplace, aggressive men are often considered to be "go-getters," but aggressive women are often considered to be "bitches." This is an example of

A double standard

Who is most likely to be mocked by their peers for violating gender norms?

Boys

READING: Many have noticed that the US economy seems increasingly focused on producing and managing info, rather than on making things. What terms or concept could describe this shift?

Postmodernism

What explanation does functionalism have for prejudice and discrimination today?

Prejudice & discrimination help to increase group cohesion

_____ is a social theory about gender identity and sexuality that emphasizes the importance of difference and rejects as restrictive the idea of innate sexual identity.

Queer theory

According to sociologist Howard Winant and Michael Omi, what is the relationship between race and class?

Race is not a side effect of class; rather is permeates ever aspect of daily life

Which two categories of crime are girls (juveniles) and women (adults) more likely to be arrested than boys/men?

Running away and prostitution

After the Civil War, most southern states passed laws that barred Blacks and Whites from sharing most kinds of public facilities. This is an example of __.

Segregation

How do single fathers' incomes compare to those of single mothers?

Single fathers make considerably more money

CHAPTER 8: RACE How do the demographics (e.g. racial & ethnic make up) of CA challenge the way that the term " minority" has been used in the past?

Whites are now less than half the population of CA

The phrase "deadbeat dad" describes a man who isn't married to his children's mother and isn't supporting his children materially. Why do we almost never talk about "deadbeat moms"?

Women remain the primary caregiver even when fathers are no longer taking the instrumental role

What issue is first-wave feminism most strongly associated with?

Women's suffrage

CHAPTER 6: DEVIANCE What is the justification for harsh sentencing guidelines, like California's "three strikes' law?

deterrence of future crime

Why would a company outsource or contract out labor they might otherwise employ their own staff to preform?

it's cheaper

" A student who is caught plagiarizing may come to believe she is unable to write about cheating' this ex from the textbook explains plagiarism using __

labeling theory

How is the term" master status" defined?

status that seems to override all other statuses that an individual may possess

The poet Lucy Grealy had a series of operations as a child that eventually resulted in the removal of one-third of her jaws. As a result, she experienced ___

stigma

While the U.S. is a capitalist nation, it also has socialist elements." Is this an accurate statement?

yes

If a sociologist is studying the problems associated with resource depletion, which of the following facts might be she be interested in when she investigates the way that our society uses paper?

A. It requires more than 3 pound of tree pulp to make 1 pound of paper

What happens to a neighborhood during gentrification?

ALL AF THE ABOVE ; poorer residents are displaced, buildings are converted or remodeled, property values increase

READING: why don't the poor participate in social movements more often?

ALL OF THE ABOVE : The consequences of participation may be too high, they may have to work multiple jobs, leaving little or no time for activates

When does gender role socialization begin?

Before birth

When young people go away to college, its often the first time that they make friends with people of substantially different class statuses. Sometimes this leads to tension when the wealthier member of a friendship is obvious to his friend's class status & suggests activities that are beyond the friend's means. This tension results from a lack of

Class consciousness

What are the tastes, habits, and expectations that children "inherit" (or learn) from their parents that help to achieve material success in life called?

Cultural capital

According to Karl Marx, what social relations matter in a capitalist system?

Economic relations

Where did the Industrial Revolution begin?

England

What two roles did the structuralist Talcott Parsons identify within the family?

Expressive and instrumental

The deliberate and systematic extermination of a racial, ethnic, or national group is called __.

Genocide

READING: The process by which social structures and institutions become global rather than national is called

Globalization

how does the academic achievement of homeschooled students compare to that of public school students?

Homeschooled students perform significantly better, on average than public school students

Given that fertility rates in the US have dropped below the level needed to maintain the population level, why is the pop here growing??

Immigration

READING: what are the 4 stages of a social movement, in the order that each event occurs?

Incipient; coalscence; bureaucratization; decline

How is institutional discrimination different from individual discrimination?

Institutional discrimination is more systematic and widespread

When the children of working-class parents manage to attend college and get a job in a professional field, it is an example of ___.

Intergenerational mobility

A(n) ___ is a human being with some combination of female and male genitalia.

Intersexual person/hermaphrodite

How has Earth's population changed in the last 50 yrs?

It has more than tripled

What evidence suggests that America's educational system is in crisis?

Literacy rates are low, teachers are poorly paid, school infrastructure is in poor condition

How do men and women experience gender harassment differently in the military?

Men are more likely to be harassed by their drill sergeants, while women are more likely to be harassed by their fellow trainees

Which of the following is a form of stratification in which all positions are awarded on the basis of merit?

Meritocracy

The Welfare Reform Act of 1996 ended the concept of entitlements by requiring recipients of welfare to find work within 2 years of receiving assistance. How was has this changed the lives of the poor?

Moving from welfare to work did not substantially increase income levels, it simply shifted the poor from welfare to low-paying jobs

although the federal government plans to store nuc. waste under a mountain in Nevada, people who live in Nevada are trying their best to have it housed elsewhere, a classic example of

NIMBY

Mother Teresa was a person with tremendous power & prestige, yet she was very poor. Mother Teresa is an example of ___.

Status inconsistency

Which of the following countries is an example of a pluralistic culture in which people of French, Italian & German heritage live peacefully together in political and economic unity?

Switzerland

which political party made social justice, community-based economics, feminism, and diversity central to its platform?

THE GREEN PARTY

READING: Litter may not be the most pressing problem facing our society, but many people still wish that our streets and parks had less trash. However, it is difficult to convince people to clean these public areas, a problem that sociologists would call ...

THE PUBLIC GOODS DIELEMMA

READING: What is the uneven distribution of technology between different parts of a society or of the world called?

The digital divide

Which group argues that because of feminism, men suffer discrimination?

The men's rights movement

According to the class lecture and discussion, what is a problem with the poverty line definition?

The poverty line def. Does not account for regional differences (e.g. CA has a different standard of living than Alabama)

According to conflict theory, what is the real source of racism?

The struggle for power

"Welfare queen" is an insulting term for a woman who is believed to be cheating the government by collecting excessive welfare payments. Although empirical research indicates that very little welfare fraud actually takes place, what nugget of sociological truth is contained in the phrase "welfare queen"?

The use of the word "queen" reminds us that women are more likely than men to live in poverty

What sort of social mobility is possible in a caste system?

There is little or no chance of social mobility

Why are poor women less likely to marry?

They feel that the men they encounter are less likely to offer the advantages that make marriage worth the risk

According to the pro-feminist men's movement, why should men support feminism?

They should out of fairness to women; men's lives, as well as women's, are constrained by gender rules; the ideology of male superiority is a burden (ALL)

During the Great Depression in the 1930s, huge #s of dispossessed farmers left places like OKL, and moved to CA.

This is an example of internal migration

In the past most voters formed public opinions by listening to speeches meeting with reps of political parties or attending town hall mtgs. How to voters today learn about political issues?

Through human interest stories in the media

READING: According to mass society theory, why do people join social movements?

To fulfill a psychological need to belong to something

An accountant with a college degree & a license from the state accounting board works for the Dept. Of Defense as a senior auditor. He makes about $100,000 a year & will soon retire with benefits & a pension. This accountant belongs to the ___.

Upper middle class

Many workers at auto plants in Michigan have recently lost their jobs as plants close. For the vast majority of these workers, this has resulted in ___.

Vertical social mobility

READING: When someone listens to public radio, but never contributes during pledge drives, that person would be considered

a free rider

Young army recruits arriving at boot camp are about to enter

a total institution

Chapter 11: Work What is a sweatshop?

a workplace with poor working conditions, below standard wages, and long hours

READING: How did MoveOn.org recruit and organize members?

aggressive use of the internet

Which of the following is an example of an altered life circumstance that will require some degree of resocilaization?

all of the above (getting new job, starting a family, getting divorce)

How does an individual come to process an achieved status?

an achieved status is earned

If you decided that you could never get into a good school and so could never get a good job, you might decide to sell drugs a a way of making a living. According to Robert Merton, what sort of deviant would you be?

an innovator

Brady bunch- husband and wife had kids from previous marriages. Called ____-

blended family

Who are more likely to be negatively affected by parents' divorce?

boys

What are the benefits of telecommuting?

businesses get increased productivity and fewer sick days

If someone starts taking public transportation and riding a bike, she would be reducing, HER

carbon footprint

The parents of a deviant child often want to find some way to excuse their offspring's behavior, and its common to hear them say " he just fell in with a bad crowd." Which symbolic interactionists theory of deviance does this explanation most closely resemble?

differential association

18. Why do victims of domestic violence stay in relationships?

don't believe they can make it on their own, feel responsible, don't have resources to get away (ALL OF THE ABOVE)

Why was imprisonment such a rare type of punishment before the nineteenth century?

earlier societies did not have sufficient resources to operate prisons

What did Wal-Mart do when the butchers at the Supercenter in Jacksonville, Texas, voted to unionize?-

eliminated meat cutting in all of its Texas stores

CHAPTER 10: SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS Religiosity

extent of a person's commitment to religion

Which of the following is an advantage cited by supporters of school vouchers?

give more choices to parents in their children's education

What happens to marital satisfaction when kids are born?

goes down

What sort of pollution is responsible for global warming

greenhouse gases

According to Sigmund Freud, what are the parts of the mind?

id , ego, superego

What technological development is associated with the Information Revolution?

microchip

A heterosexual married couple living in the same household and raising their children is defined as

nuclear family

According to the text, what does it mean to be "disenfranchised?

person is stripped of voting rights, either temporarily or permanently

Increasing number of Americans who move out of state to attend college will decrease importance of __ when looking for bf/gf

propinquity

READING: The Promise Keepers are a Christian men's organization that seeks to train men to be better husbands and fathers while working to preserve traditional family values, in which the man is the head of the household and makes decisions for his wife and family. in this way the promise keepers are

regressive

Chris speilman was forced to choose between staying with this sick wife and playing prof football. What sort of sociological phenomenon was he expressing?

role conflict

A society that separates Church & State is a

secular society

The theory of pluralism suggests that in a democracy, power is held in a variety of hands; each group is assumed to have equal access to power and thus serve as a system of checks and balances." This statement best represents

structural functionalist perspective

Which of the following is a critism of the no child left behind act passed by congress in 2002?

teachers. umder pressure to raise test scores may stop doing everythng "but teaching to the test"

How does chapter 4 the self and interaction define the "self"?

the experience of a personal identity, distinct from other

If a bride is upset on her wedding day bc her family members don't' seem excited enough for her, sociologist might argue that family members are violation ___

the feeling rule

CHAPTER 12: LIFE AT HOME What historical change led to the devaluation of women's work in the home?

the industrial revolution

According to C. Wright Mills, who rules America?

the power elite

What would a symbolic interactionism studying the family be most interested in?

the way that gift giving within extended family makes some bonds more important than others

In 2005, teaching assistants at U of Oregon went on strike. What feature of their job make it easier for them to strike than most American workers?-

their jobs can't be moved overseas

Why did Karl Marx believe that workers in a capitalist nation experience alienation?

they are paid for their labor but do not own the things they produce

What happened to the pseudo patients in David Rosenhan's "on being sane is an insane place?"

they were all finally released, but the diagnoses were that their 'illnesses" were in "in remission"

Who led campaigns to end child labor and increase workplace safety?

unions

Which of the following will shape a person's political ideology?

where a person lives, age, sex


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