SOC-210 Notes
hypothesis
"A statement of a possible relationship between two or more variables" is the definition of which concept?
sample
A small number of people that are used to represent a much larger population is called a?
theory
A statement that explains how and why specific facts are related is called a(n)?
the rise of the industrial economy and growth of cities
Among the historical changes that stimulated the development of sociology as a discipline was?
a spurious correlation
An apparent, although false, association between two variables that is caused by a third variable is called
theological stage
Comte described the earliest human societies as being at which stage of historical development?
middle-income nations
Countries in which average people's income is typical for the world as a whole and in which people are as likely to live in a rural area as in an urban area are categorized as
important for college students because most new U.S. jobs involve international trade
Gaining a global understanding is?
theory
If we state that children raised in single-parent families are at high risk of being single parents themselves, we have constructed a(n)_____ of family life.
one or more theoretical approaches
In deciding what kinds of questions to ask in their research, sociologists are guided by?
white males
In the United States today, the suicide rate is highest for which of the following?
focuses on the meaning people attach to behavior
Interpretive sociology refers to sociology that
most patterns of behavior are caused by many factors
It is difficult to establish all the cause-and-effect relationships in a social situation because?
more serious in poorer countries
Social problems in the United States, such as poverty and gender inequality, are?
human behavior may be patterned, but it is also spontaneous
Sociologists cannot identify "laws of society" that allow us to precisely predict the behavior of an individual because?
how society actually operates
Sociology differs from the older discipline of philosophy by focusing on?
France
Sociology first appeared as a formal discipline in
high-income nations
The United States falls within which category of the world's nations?
try to adopt a stance of personal neutrality toward the outcome of the research
The ideal of objectivity means that a researcher must?
high-income nations
The nations of Western Europe, Israel, Japan, and Australia fall into which category of countries?
Emile Durkheim
The pioneering sociologist who studied patterns of suicide in Europe was?
manifest functions
The recognized and intended consequences of a social pattern are referred to as?
patterns of social inequality
The social-conflict approach draws attention to?
Max Weber
The sociologist who called on his colleagues to be "value-free" in the conduct of their research was?
Auguste Comte
The term "sociology" was coined in 1838 by?
structural-functional approach
The theoretical approach in sociology that assumes society is a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability is the
gather data or facts
To evaluate a theory using evidence, sociologists.....?
latent functions
Unrecognized and unintended consequences of a social pattern are called?
race
W.E.B. Du Bois claimed that _____ was the major problem facing the United States during the twentieth century.
they are American citizens who have a second identity based on skin color.
W.E.B. Du Bois described African Americans as having a "double consciousness" because?
experiencing many social changes
We would expect the sociological perspective to be most likely to develop in a place that was?
Typically, a person marries someone of similar social position.
What might a sociologist say about people's selection of marriage partners?
an experiment
What research method was used in Philip Zimbardo's study, the "Stanford County Prison"?
the median
What term refers to the value that occurs midway in a series of numbers (that is, the middle case)?
about 1900
When did sociology become established as an academic discipline in the United States?
social structure
Which concept is used to describe relatively stable patterns of social behavior?
W.E.B. Du Bois
Which early U.S. sociologist studied the African American community and served as a founding member of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)?
W.E.B. Du Bois
Which early sociologist received the first doctorate ever awarded by Harvard University to a person of color?
A police officer understands which categories of people are at high risk of becoming victims of crime.
Which of the following statements best illustrates the career advantage a person gains by studying sociology?
Jane Addams
Which pioneering sociologist founded Chicago's Hull House to assist immigrants and was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize?
a survey
Which research method asks subjects to respond to a series of items in a questionnaire or an interview?
the experiment
Which sociological research method is most likely to produce quantitative data that will identify cause-and-effect relationships?
the race-conflict approach
Which theoretical approach would highlight the fact that, on average, African American families have less income than white families?
personal problems into public issues
Wright Mills claimed that the "sociological imagination" transformed what?
