soc ch 9

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Which statement illustrates low status consistency?

A college dropout launches an online company that earns millions in its first year.

Which statement represents stratification from the perspective of symbolic interactionism?

After work, Pat, a janitor, feels more comfortable eating in a truck stop than a French restaurant.

Which of the following scenarios is an example of intergenerational mobility?

An executive belongs to a different class than her parents.

Which person best illustrates opportunities for upward social mobility in the United States?

First-generation college student

What factor makes caste systems closed?

People cannot change their social standings.

What factor makes class systems open?

They allow for movement between the classes.

global stratification

a comparison of the wealth, economic stability, status, and power of countries as a whole

intragenerational mobility

a difference in social class between different members of the same generation.

intergenerational mobility

a difference in social class between generations of a family

class

a group who shares a common social status based on factors like wealth, income, education, and occupation

Structural mobility occurs when:

a large group moves up or down the class ladder due to societal changes

primogeniture

a law stating that all property passes to the firstborn son

downward mobility

a lowering of one's social class

social stratification

a socioeconomic system that divides society's members into categories ranking from high to low, based on things like wealth, power and prestige

caste system

a system in which people are born into a social standing that they will retain their entire lives.

class traits

also called class markers, the typical behaviors, customs, and norms that define each class.

meritocracy

an ideal system in which personal effort-or merit-determines social standing

upward mobility

an increase-or upward shift-in social class

conspicuous consumption

buying and using products to make a statement about social standing

Which of these systems allows for the most social mobility?

class

The behaviors, customs, and norms associated with a class are known as:

class traits

Unlike Davis and Moore, Melvin Tumin believed that, because of social stratification, some qualified people were _______ higher-level job positions.

denied the opportunity to obtain

When Karl Marx said workers experience alienation, he meant that workers:

do not feel connected to their work

Based on meritocracy, a physician's assistant would:

earn a pay raise for doing excellent work

In the United States, most people define themselves as:

middle class

Occupational prestige means that jobs are:

not equally valued

Which graphic concept best illustrates the concept of social stratification?

pyramid

Social stratification is a system that:

ranks society members into categories

The basic premise of the Davis-Moore thesis is that the unequal distribution of rewards in social stratification:

serves a purpose in society

class system

social standing based on social factors and individual accomplishments.

social mobility

the ability to change positions within a social stratification system

The GNI PPP figure represents:

the average annual income of a country's citizens

status consistency

the consistency, or lack thereof, of an individual's rank across social categories like income, education, and occupation

standard of living

the level of wealth available to acquire material goods and comforts to maintain a particular socioeconomic lifestyle

income

the money a person earns from work or investments

wealth

the value of money and assets a person has from, for example, inheritance

Davis-moore thesis

thesis that argues some social stratification is a social necessity

endogamous marriages

unions of people within the same social category.

exogamous marriages

unions of spouses from different social categories

structural mobility

when societal changes enable a whole group of people to move up or down the class ladder

Conflict theorists view capitalists as those who:

get rich while workers stay poor


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