Soc Quiz 2

The 2012 election resulted in the largest number of women senators in U.S. history, ____ women in the one hundred member Senate. ____ percent of the 55 Democratic senators were women and ___ percent of Republican senators were women.

20, 29, 9

_____________ theory describes the processes through which an individual comes to embrace the ideology of a social movement and supports and participates in it. This perspective holds that one of the central tasks of leaders of a social movement is to present the movement in such a way that makes sense and appeals to as many people as possible, and that the movement is a way to fulfill one or more deeply held value.

Framing

The ________________ is one of the largest American student movements since the campus mobilizations of the 1980s and early 1990s to force an end to the racist apartheid system in South Africa. Its activists want U.S. companies, colleges and government agencies to agree to and enforce a code of morality that affirms that workers should be paid livable wages, be permitted to form labor unions if they wish, and work in safe work places visited regularly by independent inspectors to ensure that these conditions are permanently maintained

U.S. Anti-Sweatshop Movement

On February 1, 1960, four African American freshmen at the Agricultural and Technical University of North Carolina, Joseph McNeil, Franklin McCain, Ezell Blair Jr. (Jibreel Khazan), and David Richmond, inspired by earlier protests against racist

Woolworth's

_________ deprivation theory holds that social movements develop when people are unable to obtain adequate food or shelter or other basic needs. In contrast, _________ deprivation theory views that social movements, including revolutions, appear to develop because of people's expectations and moral beliefs concerning fairness and social justice. In other words people's living conditions or political limitations only become intolerable when they come to view them as unacceptable relative to their conception of the way things should be.

absolute, relative

Leadership plays a role in the emergence and success of social movements. The ______ leaders emotionally inspire others through their words and their actions. These leaders have the ability to present the movement as an essential moral struggle. ______ leaders provide a movement with an ideology. The ideology of a social movement explains the problem and the necessity for the movement as a means to solve the problem. ______ leadership transforms the ideals and goals of the movement into organization and coordinated action.

charismatic, intellectual, and managerial

The major goal of an _________________ is to spread understanding of mechanisms of domination, including cultural elements such as oppressive language, to bring about change. This movement develops among persons who perceive themselves to be the target of discrimination based on an ascribed characteristic such as race, nationality, physical characteristics, sex, or sexual orientation, or other fixed traits.

identity movement

A movement may be _______ because it intends to introduce something new with regard to culture, patterns of interaction, policies, or institutions. A _______ movement has the goal of maintaining things the way they are. In addition to these two types of movements, some movements are _________ in that they seek to resurrect cultural elements, patterns of behavior, or institutions of the past.

innovative, conservative, and reactionary

The Marseillaise, "This Land Is Your Land" and "We Shall Overcome" are all examples of music associated with

protests, social movements, and social activism

The most basic expressions for categorizing movements in regard to how much of society they want to change are _____ movement and _____ movement.

reform, revolutionary

A __________________ is a persistent and organized effort to either bring about beneficial social change or in some cases resist or reverse change viewed as harmful.

social movement

Pick a major current social movement and describe the social movement theory you think best explains its development and why.

Over the past ten years, about 17,700,000 women have reported a sexual assault. In 1998, Tarana Burke founded the MeToo Movement; this movement encourages people to speak out about sexual violence or harassment. Tarana shares that we need a complete cultural transformation to eradicate sexual assault in our lifetimes. She encourages that we build our families differently and engage in our communities. The purpose of the MeToo Movement was to spread empowerment through empathy, especially the experiences of young and vulnerable brown or black women. In October 2017, the hash tag #MeToo spread virally on twitter to help demonstrate the widespread prevelance of sexual assault and harassment. After millions of people started using the phrase, and it spread to dozens of other languages, the purpose changed and expanded, as a result it has come to mean different things for different people. Burke has stated that this movement has grown to include both men and women of all colors and ages, and supports marginalized people in marginalized communities. This movement has transformed into #MeToo12 for children who have been sexually assaulted and #MeTooMilitary for people who have been sexually assault while in the military. I believe that this social movement was developed based upon the Relative Deprivation Theory. This theory is based on a social movement that develops when people's living conditions become unacceptable relative to their conception of the way things should be. I believe that Tarana Burke created this movement because she felt that as a minority her voice didn't matter; the fact that she and other women like herself were survivors of sexual misconduct. She felt that the prevalence of survivors of sexual misconduct were not given the attention that they needed or deserved. She felt as a U.S. citizen her needs, the needs of other black women, and people of all races and genders were not being met. Burke wanted to make sure that people knew that sexual assault and harassment happens everyday, and everyday someone goes unheard. She wanted to make sure that when people hear #MeToo, they stand up and say #NoMore.

The _____________________ theory states that neither the level of people's grievances, nor the resources available are sufficient to explain social movements. Instead social movements arise at times when political circumstances are viewed as favorable for their success.

Political Opportunities

The perspective that predicts social movements will occur when a society that has experienced a long period of economic progress suddenly experiences economic problems is a type of _____________ theory of social movements.

Relative deprivation

____________________ theory states that people motivated to create a social movement must have access to necessary resources to succeed. Useful resources include funding, effective leaders, and access to social networks through which new participants can be recruited. Other beneficial resources can be the support of powerful persons, aid from previously established social movements organizations, and assistance from important moral figures who can bestow legitimacy on the movement and its goals.

Resource Mobilization