Soc Quizzes
Males and females often are sorted into different tasks within social institutions such as family, education, and the economy. What concept would a sociologist use to explain how this happens?
gender
Based on an underlying assumption that society is comprised of groups that compete for scarce resources and advantages, a sociologist conducts a study to determine whether and how the degree of racial diversity in a nation affects its level of political polarization. What sociological perspective most likely guides this study?
Conflict Theory
The Looking Glass theory was posited by which theorist(s)?
Cooley and Mead
A sociologist hypothesizes that an increase in a society's level of income inequality will produce an increase in its property crime rate. In this study, the property crime rate is the:
Dependent variable
Sociologists call behavior that does not conform to a society's or group's expectations:
Deviance
Emile Durkheim used the term "Organic Solidarity" to describe simple pre-modern societies, and he used the term, "Mechanical Solidarity" to describe complex societies.
False
Endogamy refers to the practice of marrying outside of one's own religious group.
False
For sociologists, "culture" is limited to such things as fine art, ballet, theater, literature, and classical music.
False
Genocide refers to extreme discriminatioin against someone because of their gender.
False
Globalization refers to the process in which the nations of the world become increasingly detached and less dependent on other nations.
False
In most contexts words contribute around 75% of the content of a message.
False
Max Weber's three Ps are: position, population, and production.
False
Men wo do less housework are happier with their relationships/mariages than men who do more housework.
False
Over 50 percent of funding for local schools comes from the federal government.
False
Random sampling is not representative and is mostly used in qualitative research.
False
Rational choice theorists argue that we should reduce the penalties (costs) for crimes because penalties do not deter crime.
False
Relative poverty refers to the lowest level of poverty.
False
Research has shown that testosterone is not associated with aggression.
False
Resource theory argures that two parent households have more resources than single parent households.
False
Secondary groups are made up of people from our inner circle (e.g. family and friends).
False
Since 1980 more men have gone to and graduated from college than women in the U.S.
False
Social experiments are inductive and qualitative.
False
Sociology focuses more on individuals, whereas psychology focuses more on group patterns.
False
The global south has higher literacy rates than the global north.
False
The meso-level is the broadest and largest level of sociological analysis.
False
The most typical authority pattern in the world for families is matriarchy.
False
The state of anomie occurs when there is widespread agreement within a society regarding what is considered the most important and appropriate social norms.
False
Typically, sociologists lean more towards explanations of biology than nurture in trying to understand socialization.
False
Variables are concepts that do not vary in frequency.
False
Violent crime rates are higher in Japan than in the U.S.
False
Society is made up of structures but not processes.
Flase
What sociological perspective views society as a system of interrelated parts that contribute to social stability?
Functionalist
After going out on several dates with a new companion, you are invited to meet your new companion's grandparents over dinner. The day before the dinner, you get a haircut and make sure that you have some long-sleeved shirts clean so you can hide the tattoos on your arms. From Goffman's dramaturgical perspective, your behavior illustrates:
Impression management
A group with expectations and values that contrast sharply with the dominant values of a particular society is called a counter culture.
True
A social group or organization in which people are allocated to positions according to their abilities and credentials, as in level of education attained, is called a meritocracy.
True
A society refers to an organized and interdependent group of individuals who live together in a specific geographic area, who interact more with each other than they do with outsiders and cooperate for the attainent of common goals.
True
A theoretical perspective is a basic view of society that guides the social scientist's research and analysis.
True
According to the U.S. Census Bureau a family is, "a group of two or more people (one of whom is considered the householder) related by birth, marriage or adoption and resideing together; all such people are considered as members of the family."
True
Ascribed statuses are assigned at birth.
True
Children are socialized differently according to their social class.
True
Class stratification systems allow individuals to earn positions through their ability, efforts, and choices.
True
Conflict theory has its origins in the works of Karl Marx.
True
Culture refers to the way of life shared by a group of people -the knowledge, beliefs, values, rules or laws, language, customs, symbols, and material products within a society that help meet human needs.
True
Deviance refers to the violation of society's norms, which then evoke negative reactions from others in society.
True
Differential association theory focuses on the process of learning deviance from family, peers, fellow employees, political organizations, gangs etc.
True
Ethnic groups are based on factors: language, religion, dress, foods, customs, beliefs, values, norms, a shared group identity or feeling, and sometimes loyalty to a homeland, monarch, or religious leader.
True
Examples of formal agents are schools, religious organizations, as well as families.
True
Examples of infomal agents are media, books, internet, and advertisements.
True
Exogamy is a cultural norm that requires individuals to marry outside their own immediate group.
True
Formal education involves schooling that takes place in a prescribed setting with the goal of teaching a set curriculum.
True
Gender refers to a society's notions of masculinity and femininity.
True
In some developing countries, clean water accessibility has an impact on the rate of girls who attend school.
True
In the past school year, nearly half of all students in grades 7 through 12 dealt with sexual harassment.
True
Large quantities of data can be gathered from closed ended interviews.
True
Material culture includes human-made objects we can see or touch, all the artifacts of a group of people.
True
Monogamy is the most familiar form of marriage in industrial and post-industrial societies.
True
One of the benefits of content analysis is that it is unobtrusive.
True
One of the founders of Symbolic Interaction theory is George Herbert Mead.
True
Prejudice refers to attitudes that prejudge a group, usually negatively, and not based on facts.
True
Primary deviance is a violation of a norm that may be an isolated act or an initial act of rule breaking.
True
Purposive sampling is used to target specific populations.
True
Rich meaning can be obtained by using in-depth interviews.
True
Sexuality refers to culturally shaped meanings both of sexual acts and of how we experience our own bodies.
True
Side-effect discrimination refers to practices in one institutional area that have negative impact because they are linked to practices in another institutional area.
True
Social mobility refers to the extent to which people move up or down in the class system, especially from one generation to the next.
True
Social networks refer to individuals linked together by one or more social relationships connecting us to the larger society.
True
Social stratification refers to how individuals and groups are layered or ranked in society according to how many valued resources they possess.
True
Some cultures require more personal space than others.
True
Strain theory examines the breakdown of norms caused by the lack of shared achievable goals and the lack of socially approved means to achieve those goals.
True
Subjugation refers to the subordination of one group to another that holds power and authority.
True
The "me" is the part of the self that has learned the rules of society through interaction and role taking and it controls the "I" and its desires.
True
The "self" refers to the perception we have of who we are.
True
The authors use "hardware" as an analogy for society and they use "software" for culture.
True
The control group in a social experiment does not receive the treatment.
True
The sociological imagination involves the idea that many personal experiences can and should be interpreted in the context of large-scale forces in the wider society.
True
Three sources of inequality in schools are, testing, tracking, and funding.
True
Two thirds of the world's adult illiterate population is made up of women.
True
W.E.B. Du Bois applied conflict theory to race.
True
With secondary deviance individuals take on a deviant identity within society.
True
Sociology is the study of social life, social change, and the social causes and consequences of human behavior.
Ture
What percentage of high school students who took the ACT met the benchmark of college readiness in all four subjects (English, reading, math, and science)?
27%
What percentage of all adults identify as transgender.
0.6%
How many countries have 50% or more of women in parliaments or congress?
2
Mary Jo and her friends travel from the U.S. to Guatemala for a humanitarian trip. Upon arriving in Guatemala, Mary Jo exclaims, "Such poor people and backward customs! I am so glad that we are here to help!" Mary Jo's sentiments reflect a way of viewing culture known as:
Ethnocentrism
A correlation is when one variable produces an effect (cause) in another variable.
False
A spurious relationship exists when one variable is correlated with, and causally related to a second variable, and when no third variable is involved.
False
According to Mead, the game stage is the first stage in the development of the self.
False
According to the authors, slavery has almost been abolished around the world today.
False
Caste systems ensure social and economic equality.
False
Compared to other industrialized nations, the U.S. has a low incarceration rate.
False
Content analysis involves data from books, but not other data sources.
False
The behavioral expectations for proper behavior shared by people in a given social context are called:
Norm
Karl Marx theorized that societies were increasingly dividing into a small number of capitalists and a large number of workers. He referred to the large number of workers as the:
Proletariat
A sociologist writes an ethnography after spending several months making observations and conducting face-to-face interviews in a local community that has an unusually high infant mortality rate. What type of research strategy does this study use?
Qualitative
Individuals are often described in terms of their placement within a socially constructed set of categories based on certain biologically inherited physical characteristics such as skin color. Sociologists call this socially constructed set of categories:
Race
Throughout our lives, family members, the education system, peers, coworkers, and others teach us how to participate in society. Sociologists refer to this process as:
Socialization
Sociology promotes a capacity to recognize how individuals' personal troubles are also public issues affecting others living in a similar time and place. This capacity is known as the:
Sociological imagination
Among the global north countries, which nation has the highest percentage of working women?
Sweden
Andy grows up in a low-income family and often wears "hand-me-down" clothes. Other kids ridicule Andy for his appearance, and these interactions contribute to Andy's nervous and shy personality. This illustrates what the the sociologist Charles Horton Cooley called:
The Looking-glass theory
Which country was the first to allow same sex marriage?
The Netherlands
