Social Psych Ch. 11

Which of the following people is least likely to help someone who dropped a folder of papers on her way to class? Ben, who just played the videogame, Tetris Owen, who just played the videogame Lemmings Chanel, who just listened to the Beatles song, Help Julia, who just listened to Michael Jackson's song, Heal the World

Ben, who just played the videogame, Tetris

It's a busy day at the motor vehicles office and many people are waiting for their turn. As one man gets up to leave, he accidentally drops a folder he was carrying and papers go everywhere. Which person is least likely to help him pick up the papers? Joe, who is taking social psychology and heard a lecture about Latané and Darley's decision tree earlier in the week Meghan, who was just thinking about times in her past when she acted in uninhibited ways Michael, who is feeling guilty because he should be home helping his roommates clean their apartment Maggie, who is very religious but doesn't know the man who dropped the papers

Maggie, who is very religious but doesn't know the man who dropped the papers

In which city are people most likely to help a blind person cross a street? Budapest, Hungary New York, USA Amsterdam, Netherlands Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Frank has recently graduated from college and moved from New York City back to the small town in Ohio where he grew up. He now finds that he is much more inclined to engage in prosocial behavior. What is the most likely reason for this change? Frank is more likely to engage in negative-state relief when he is in the small town Growing up in a small town caused him to internalize altruistic values The change in his immediate surroundings changed his likelihood of helping College students are less likely to help because they are more susceptible to the bystander effect

The change in his immediate surroundings changed his likelihood of helping

Evolutionary psychology would have the most trouble explaining which of the following incidents? Nathan runs in front of a moving car to keep his daughter from being hit Clint risks his life to save his nephew who was drowning When Julio was put in the unfortunate situation of saving his cousin or his son in a boating accident, he chose to save his son When Usha was in a building that caught on fire, she let everyone else exit before her, even though she didn't know them

When Usha was in a building that caught on fire, she let everyone else exit before her, even though she didn't know them

prosocial behavior—

any act performed with the goal of benefiting another person

Which one of the following is not part of the Bystander Intervention Decision Tree? knowing the appropriate form of assistance assuming responsibility interpreting an event as an emergency having an altruistic personality

having an altruistic personality

empathy

putting ourselves in the shoes of another person and experiencing events and emotions the way that person experiences them

norm of reciprocity,

the expectation that helping others will increase the likelihood that they will help us in the future

pluralistic ignorance,

wherein people think that everyone else is interpreting a situation in a certain way, when in fact they are not.

Meghan lives in a single room in a college dormitory. Late one night, she hears a scream coming from just outside her dorm. She is pretty sure that the person needs help because the person yelled, "Help me! I think I broke my leg!" Meghan goes back to sleep, only to find out the next day that the person was on the ground for 45 minutes before someone helped. Which of the following best explains why Meghan didn't help? Informational influence Pluralistic ignorance A diffusion of responsibility She didn't interpret it as an emergency

A diffusion of responsibility

Amy is walking across campus and sees someone on her hands and knees looking for a ring that slipped off of her finger. Under which of the following conditions is Amy least likely to help the person, according to the empathy-altruism hypothesis? Amy feels empathy toward the person, but she doesn't think she has much to gain by helping. Amy feels empathy toward the person, and thinks she will be admired by passersby if she stops to help. Amy doesn't feel empathy toward the person and doesn't think she has much to gain by helping. Amy doesn't feel empathy toward the person but recognizes her as a TA in her English class. Amy really wants to get a good grade in that class

Amy doesn't feel empathy toward the person and doesn't think she has much to gain by helping.

Which of the following is true? People are always grateful for offers to help them As a result of learning about the social psychology of prosocial behavior, you may be more likely to help someone in need in the future If someone doesn't want to help others there isn't much we can do to change that Hearing a lecture about prosocial behavior and bystander intervention isn't likely to change how people behave in a real emergency

As a result of learning about the social psychology of prosocial behavior, you may be more likely to help someone in need in the future

According to social exchange theory, which of the following people is most likely to give money to a homeless person? Emma, who has a genetic predisposition for helping people Jack, who is related to the homeless person Jade, who feels empathy for the homeless person Bill, who wants to impress his date by helping the homeless person

Bill, who wants to impress his date by helping the homeless person

According to Batson's empathy-altruism theory, which of the following people is most likely to give money to a homeless person? Both Jade and Bill are likely to give money Bill, who wants to impress his date by helping the homeless person Jack, who is related to the homeless person Jade, who feels empathy for the homeless person

Both Jade and Bill are likely to give money

Which of the following is not a reason why being in a good mood tends to increase prosocial behavior? Good moods make us view situations more positively, and thus we are more likely to give people the benefit of the doubt Good moods make us pay more attention to the possible rewards for helping Good moods increase how much attention we pay to ourselves, which makes us more likely to act according to our values Helping prolongs good moods

Good moods make us pay more attention to the possible rewards for helping

Which of the following is true about prosocial behavior? There is no effect of personality on prosocial behavior How often people have moved from one place to another influences how helpful they are Being in a good mood decreases prosocial behavior Being in a bad mood decreases prosocial behavior

How often people have moved from one place to another influences how helpful they are

Which of the following is the best example of altruistic behavior? Robert volunteers at his son's school to help out his class Mary helps her husband with the dishes with the hope that he will cook dinner more often Jawal anonymously donates $100 to a homeless shelter Julie puts a dollar in the church collection basket because everyone else donates

Jawal anonymously donates $100 to a homeless shelter

Which of the following people is most likely to agree to help clean up a park in a large city? Rachel, who grew up in a small town David, who just played a violent video game Brian, who just moved that city Jiaying, who has lived in that city her entire life

Jiaying, who has lived in that city her entire life

Suppose that Jinyi sends a Tweet asking for someone to help her move a couch into her apartment. Under which of these conditions is one of her followers mostly likely to agree to help? Jinyi has a very large number of followers Jinyi grew up in the United States Jinyi just began tweeting and has only a few followers Jinyi lives in a very large city

Jinyi just began tweeting and has only a few followers

Which of the following is true? Playing prosocial video games has no effect on how helpful people will be Playing violent video games makes people more helpful If we want someone to say yes when we ask for a date, it doesn't really work to have him or her listen to a song with romantic lyrics Listening to song lyrics with prosocial lyrics makes people more helpful

Listening to song lyrics with prosocial lyrics makes people more helpful

A company is considering offering its employees the opportunity to do community service. Which of the following would you recommend they do, based on research in social psychology? Make sure that people feel that doing the community service is voluntary Make the community service mandatory Offer incentives for doing the community service such as extra vacation days Assign people to different community agencies

Make sure that people feel that doing the community service is voluntary

Which person is least likely help a blind person cross the street? Olvia, who just got a D on a paper and is thus feeling sad Silvi, who just got an A on a paper and is thus in a good mood Brandon, who just cheated on his girlfriend and is thus feeling guilty Marco, who is having a normal day and is in a neutral mood

Marco, who is having a normal day and is in a neutral mood

Which of the following is true? The genes for an altruistic personality have been identified by evolutionary psychologists People with high scores on tests of altruism are not that much more likely to help another person than people with low scores If a person has an altruistic personality, then they are quite likely to overcome situational pressures preventing them from helping someone People with high scores on tests of altruism are much more likely to help another person than people with low scores

People with high scores on tests of altruism are not that much more likely to help another person than people with low scores

Which of the following people would be most admired by his or her peers? Jun failed to help in an emergency because he thought someone else had already called 911 Kevin works at a soup kitchen each week as part of a mandatory community service requirement at his job Victoria volunteers at a hospital because she thinks it will look good on her college applications Shamika volunteers at a shelter for homeless families because she really likes working with the kids

Shamika volunteers at a shelter for homeless families because she really likes working with the kids

empathy-altruism hypothesis:

When we feel empathy for another person, we will attempt to help that person for purely altruistic reasons, regardless of what we have to gain.

____ is most likely to dive into a pond to save a drowning child, whereas _____ is most likely to do errands for an elderly neighbor every week. a Western citizen; an East Asian citizen a man; a woman an East Asian citizen; a Western citizen a woman; a man

a man; a woman

Research on prosocial behavior finds that religious people: are more likely to help than other people are if the person in need of shares their beliefs, but are not more likely to help strangers actually help others less than do nonreligious people show more compassion toward needy strangers than do nonreligious people help others more than nonreligious people do in virtually all ways

are more likely to help than other people are if the person in need of shares their beliefs, but are not more likely to help strangers

social exchange theory

argues that much of what we do stems from the desire to maximize our rewards and minimize our costs

urban overload hypothesis,

if you put urban dwellers in a calmer, less stimulating environment, they would be as likely as anyone else to reach out to others.

Luke listened to a lecture in his history class that he found very confusing, but at the end of the class when the professor asked whether there was anything students didn't understand, Luke didn't raise his hand. Because no other hands were raised, Luke assumed that other students had understood the material and that he just didn't pay enough attention. In fact, many students hadn't understood the material and were in the same situation as Luke. This is an example of: pluralistic ignorance empathy-altruism hypothesis social exchange reciprocity norm

pluralistic ignorance

Which of the following is not a way in which evolutionary theory explains prosocial behavior? the reciprocity norm social exchange kin selection group selection

social exchange

altruism,

the desire to help another person even if it involves a cost to the helper

kin selection,

the idea that behaviors that help a genetic relative are favored by natural selection

altruistic personality,

the qualities that cause an individual to help others in a wide variety of situations