Social Psychology - Ch. 7

Anna tells her sister that she has positive and negative feelings toward exercising. One could say that she has:

an ambivalent attitude

Define explicit attitude.

an attitude a person is aware of and can articulate

Leonardo is unaware that he has negative feelings for Italians. This is an example of:

an implicit attitude

Define implicit attitude.

attitude a person is not aware of

What is the difference between attitude and belief?

attitude is a positive/negative evaluation of a person or thing; belief is a conviction we hold about a statement being true/false.

Which of these will increase the likelihood that peripheral processing will to lead to persuasion?

Many arguments

Define self-regulation.

willpower to control one's thinking

What is the difference between central and peripheral processing?

Central processing is thinking about the quality of the argument; Peripheral processing is quick thinking about an argument that is relatively rapid.

Which of the following is an example of the principle of compatibility?

Measuring a person's attitude towards personally washing dishes should predict his behavior of washing the dishes.

In the Festinger and Carlsmith (1959) study of cognitive dissonance in the context of lying, participants in which condition experienced insufficient justification and thereby experienced cognitive dissonance?

Those who were paid $1 to lie.

Cathy comes home from work exhausted. She turns the TV on and there is a commercial advocating for a legislative bill to reduce recycling efforts due to rising costs. What is likely to happen to her attitude?

Unable to self-regulate and her ego depleted, she will likely adopt the anti-recycling attitude

Having a high need for ________ will increase motivation and make ________ processing more likely.

cognition, central

According to Balance Theory, people like to maintain:

consistency among elements of their mental systems.

According to your textbook, a Likert-type scale is one kind of:

direct self-report method.

______ may result in attitude change because people simply "give in" when confronted with a counter attitudinal message.

ego depletion

When we know someone is trying to persuade us to change our attitudes.

forewarning

Recently, Sureka's brother has been playing the same song over and over at home. Repeated exposure will probably increase her liking for the song unless she:

has never heard the song before.

People who carefully examine the quality of the arguments made in a persuasive message are most likely to have a _______ need for cognition.

high

Janet is very interested in and knowledgeable about German politics. When given time to read a persuasive message about this, she is:

likely to centrally process it.

What is it called when contact with or exposure to a person, thing, or idea leads one to favor/prefer it?

mere exposure effect

Define indifferent attitude.

neither a favorable or unfavorable attitude

Define ambivalent attitude.

partially favorable and partially unfavorable views toward person, thing, or idea

Although Ann likes the iPhone she just purchased, she sometimes wonders if the Samsung Galaxy might have worked better for her. Ann's doubts are linked to the experience of:

post-decisional dissonance

States that the strength of the attitude-behavior relationship will be high only if attitudes and behavior are measured at the same level of specificity.

principle of compatibility

A negative reaction to efforts by others to reduce our freedom by getting us to believe or do what they want.

reactance

Bethany has been listening to a political speaker who is encouraging people to support a law that would require all people to recycle aluminum cans and severely penalize those who do not recycle. The speaker is giving strong arguments in favor of this proposed law and is centering his appeal in moral and ethical language. As a result, Bethany is becoming increasingly annoyed and resentful of the speaker and his arguments. She may be experiencing ________.

reactance

In the study of "Springtime Aloha Week," researchers found that:

reinforcing attitudes led people to adopt them.

A tendency to direct our attention away from information that challenges our existing attitudes

selective avoidance

Tony disagrees with a certain political commercial. When the commercial comes on, he immediately switches the television channel. This is an example of ________.

selective avoidance

Hitchcock wants to measure the attitudes of his movie audience without directly asking them. According to your textbook, which type of measure should he use? One that is:

unobtrusive

Define Cognitive Dissonance.

unpleasant arousal stemming from inconsistencies among one's attitudes, beliefs, and/or behaviors