Social Psychology Final Exam Study Guide 9 and 10

Know the conditions for punishment to be effective

1. It must be prompt 2. Certain to occurs 3. strong 4. Justified

Prosocial behavior test

A helpful action that benefits other people without necessarily providing any direct benefits to the person performing the act, and may even involve a risk for the person who helps is known as

What is the Type B behavior pattern

A pattern consisting of the absence of characteristics associated with the type A behavior.

What is the Type A behavior pattern

A pattern consisting primarily of high levels of competitiveness, time urgency, and hostility.

Name the five components of the altruistic personality

Empathy, Belief in a just world, Social Responsibility, Internal Locus of Control, Low egocentrism

Thanatos

According to Freud, an instinctual drive toward death, leading to aggressive actions the destructive death instinct

prosocial behavior

Actions that benefit others without providing any direct benefit to the actor is known as ____

decreases; increases

As the number of bystanders who are present at an emergency increases, the probability that any one bystander will help ______, and the length of time that passes before help occurs ______. 297

The first step in the sequence that leads to a Prosocial behavioral response is

Attending to the situation

Altruism

Behavior that is motivated by an unselfish concern for the welfare of others.

more likely to help in other situations

Children who watch TV shows that depict prosocial themes are _____

Television programs that model prosocial behaviors

Influence children to engage in prosocial behaviors themselves

the more bystandards participants believed were present, the lower the percentage who made a prosocial response (offered help to the apparent victim)

Know the bystander effect and effects of multiple bystanders

Diffusion of responsibility

Latane and Darley, a principle suggesting that the greater the number of witnesses to an emergency the less likely victims are to receive help. they assume that someone else will do it.

increase her likelihood of receiving help

Marian, who is wearing a distinctive and pleasant perfume, has dropped all of the contents of her purse and is in need of assistance. The fact that she is wearing perfume should _____

kin selction test

Research by Burnstein and his colleagues show that on the basis of genetic similarity, research participants were like likely to say that they would help a close relative than a distant relative or a nonrelative. Help was also more likely for younger relatives than for older ones. The term that best relates to this study is

similar; dissimilar

Research has indicated that individuals are more likely to help a ____ victim as compared to a _____ victim.

Bystander effect test

The fact that the likelihood of a prosocial response to an emergency is affected by the number of bystanders who are present is referred to as

to notice that something unusual is happening

The first step involved in deciding whether or not to offer assistance in an emergency is _____.

Diffusion of responsibility test

The idea that the amount of responsibility assumed by bystanders to an emergency is shared among them.

Effects of repeated exposure to violent pornography and other violent media content

Watching violent films has a cathartic effect that actually does NOT reduce aggressive behavior for a period of time.

plays a role in survival of the fittest (Wilson)

When does selective altruism occur

The person confronted by an emergency situation must make five crucial decisions before helping.

Which statement BEST describes the decision making model of helping behavior developed by Latane and Darley?

narcissism

_____ involves falling in love with our own virtues as a source of aggression

Social exclusion

_____ often reduces prosocial behavior because people who experience it have reduced capacity to feel empathy toward others.

This type of personality is associated with prosocial behavior is

alturistic

Bandura social learning persepective

bobo doll humans acquire aggression response from experience, learned.

culture of honor

cultures in which there are strong norms indicating that agression is an appropriate responce to insults one's honor.

instrumental aggression

hurting another to accomplish some other (nonaggressive) goal.

What is punishment

procedures in which aversive consequences are delivered to individuals when they engage in specific actions

Kin selection refers to ____

the idea that natural selection applies to behaviors that benefit other individuals with whom we share genes.

What is the negative state relief model

the proposal the prosocial behavior is motivated by the bystandard's desire to reduce his or her own uncomfortable negative emotions or feelings.

What is the frustration-aggression hypothesis

the suggestion that frustration is a very powerful determinant of aggression

Temperature and aggression relationship

when people get hot , they become irritable and may be more likely to lash out at others- especially when they have been provoked in some way

When do gender differences in aggression shrink

when provocation is present