Social Psychology Final Exam Study Guide 9 and 10
Know the conditions for punishment to be effective
1. It must be prompt 2. Certain to occurs 3. strong 4. Justified
Prosocial behavior test
A helpful action that benefits other people without necessarily providing any direct benefits to the person performing the act, and may even involve a risk for the person who helps is known as
What is the Type B behavior pattern
A pattern consisting of the absence of characteristics associated with the type A behavior.
What is the Type A behavior pattern
A pattern consisting primarily of high levels of competitiveness, time urgency, and hostility.
Name the five components of the altruistic personality
Empathy, Belief in a just world, Social Responsibility, Internal Locus of Control, Low egocentrism
Thanatos
According to Freud, an instinctual drive toward death, leading to aggressive actions the destructive death instinct
prosocial behavior
Actions that benefit others without providing any direct benefit to the actor is known as ____
decreases; increases
As the number of bystanders who are present at an emergency increases, the probability that any one bystander will help ______, and the length of time that passes before help occurs ______. 297
The first step in the sequence that leads to a Prosocial behavioral response is
Attending to the situation
Altruism
Behavior that is motivated by an unselfish concern for the welfare of others.
more likely to help in other situations
Children who watch TV shows that depict prosocial themes are _____
Television programs that model prosocial behaviors
Influence children to engage in prosocial behaviors themselves
the more bystandards participants believed were present, the lower the percentage who made a prosocial response (offered help to the apparent victim)
Know the bystander effect and effects of multiple bystanders
Diffusion of responsibility
Latane and Darley, a principle suggesting that the greater the number of witnesses to an emergency the less likely victims are to receive help. they assume that someone else will do it.
increase her likelihood of receiving help
Marian, who is wearing a distinctive and pleasant perfume, has dropped all of the contents of her purse and is in need of assistance. The fact that she is wearing perfume should _____
kin selction test
Research by Burnstein and his colleagues show that on the basis of genetic similarity, research participants were like likely to say that they would help a close relative than a distant relative or a nonrelative. Help was also more likely for younger relatives than for older ones. The term that best relates to this study is
similar; dissimilar
Research has indicated that individuals are more likely to help a ____ victim as compared to a _____ victim.
Bystander effect test
The fact that the likelihood of a prosocial response to an emergency is affected by the number of bystanders who are present is referred to as
to notice that something unusual is happening
The first step involved in deciding whether or not to offer assistance in an emergency is _____.
Diffusion of responsibility test
The idea that the amount of responsibility assumed by bystanders to an emergency is shared among them.
Effects of repeated exposure to violent pornography and other violent media content
Watching violent films has a cathartic effect that actually does NOT reduce aggressive behavior for a period of time.
plays a role in survival of the fittest (Wilson)
When does selective altruism occur
The person confronted by an emergency situation must make five crucial decisions before helping.
Which statement BEST describes the decision making model of helping behavior developed by Latane and Darley?
narcissism
_____ involves falling in love with our own virtues as a source of aggression
Social exclusion
_____ often reduces prosocial behavior because people who experience it have reduced capacity to feel empathy toward others.
This type of personality is associated with prosocial behavior is
alturistic
Bandura social learning persepective
bobo doll humans acquire aggression response from experience, learned.
culture of honor
cultures in which there are strong norms indicating that agression is an appropriate responce to insults one's honor.
instrumental aggression
hurting another to accomplish some other (nonaggressive) goal.
What is punishment
procedures in which aversive consequences are delivered to individuals when they engage in specific actions
Kin selection refers to ____
the idea that natural selection applies to behaviors that benefit other individuals with whom we share genes.
What is the negative state relief model
the proposal the prosocial behavior is motivated by the bystandard's desire to reduce his or her own uncomfortable negative emotions or feelings.
What is the frustration-aggression hypothesis
the suggestion that frustration is a very powerful determinant of aggression
Temperature and aggression relationship
when people get hot , they become irritable and may be more likely to lash out at others- especially when they have been provoked in some way
When do gender differences in aggression shrink
when provocation is present