Social Psychology: Test 2

research on the color red has demonstrated that ______.

men perceived women wearing red as more sexually appealing than men did

a practical implication of research on cultural differences in conformity is that there tends to be ________.

more conformity in countries with collectivistic cultures.

people who share similar attitudes and beliefs are _____ to like each other

more likely

attitudes formed ont he basis of direct personal experience with the object are generally _______.

more likely to have a strong effect on behavior

we hold values similar to, and identify with

members of our reference groups

lisa admired the dress that Shelly was wearing and told shelly that she looked absolutely stunning in that dress. shelly felt very positive toward lisa after that compliment and tended to like her in other circumstances. lisa had ______ effect on the attraction shelly felt for her

a direct

advantage groups show the most prejudice toward out-groups when the

advantaged group's image or interests are threatened

a message intended to reduce cheating among high school students is more likely to be effective if it is delivered by

an attractive and popular student

mark was eating a wonderful dinner one evening when jeannine came into the restauraunt and sat doen next to him while he was finishing this dinner. later, mark found that he was attracted to jeannine. this situation illustrates the operation of an ________ effect on attraction

associated

the degree of secuirty an individual feels in interpersonal relaationships is referred to as her or his _____.

attachment style

alexander has a relatively high need for affiliation. as such, he would likely ________.

avoid making negative comments to fellow workers

of the following famous sayings, the one that most accurately describes the similarity-attraction relationship is ________.

birds of a feather flock together

joe, a middle manager at a small company, strongly identifies with the higher-ups at his job. regarding various political statements by them, it is safe to say that Joe

both A and B

the matching hypothesis would say

charles is seeking a partner that is about as attractive as he is

the type of social influence in which individuals change either their attitudes or behavior to adhere to existing social norms is known as ________.

conformity

in one study, when white participants were asked about perceptions of race relations at a university, progress was framed as either "minority gain" or "decrease in white students". white participants perceived the _________ as larger than the ________.

decrease; gain

suppose jamie lives in an apartment building. She has the BEST chance to become acquainted with the person who lives _____.

directly across from her

providing members of a group with less favorable treatment because of their group membership is known as _________.

discrimination

juan feels unsure about the correctness of his attitude about a new rule at his job. he may feel more correct in his attitude if______.

he finds out that most of his coworkers share his same attitude

an involuntary negative reaction to a member of a stigmatized group is more likely to be the result of an ______ attitude

implicit

descriptive norms

indicate what most people do in a particular situation

by reinforcing children with smiles, hugs, or attention when they repeat things they've heard their parents say, parents are using _______ to shape their children's attitudes

instrumental conditioning

high-status groups such as men are frequenctly stereotyped as ______ and _____.

low in warmth; high in competence

people tend to prefer situations that allow them to

maintain a match between their attitudes and behavior

a person's attachment style ____throughout his or her life.

may change with relaitonship experience

the type of social influence that occurs when one person orders another to perform some action and the other person then complies is known as

obedience

regarding women as mere bodies that exist for pleasure of others is referred to as ________

objectification of females

Attitudes are ________.

our evaluations of different aspects of the social world

according to the theory of planned behavior, our behavioral intentions are partially determined by our attitudes toward a particular behavior, our perceptions of our ability to perform the behavior, and

our perceptions of whether other will approve of disapprove of the behavior

the principle of proximty suggests that the

physical closeness between individuals helps determine the probability that repeated contact will be experienced

gender stereotypes include _____.

positive and negative traits of men and women

assume you have a negative sterotype of fraternity/sorority members as "stuck-up". given an IAT with photos labeled "fraternity member" or "independent", and paired with the word "bad" or "good", your responses to the "fraternity member"/"bad" combination would likely be _____ than to "independent"/"bad" combinations

quicker

scott and elizabeth grew up in the same small town. they attended the same school and went to the same college, where they took many of the same classes. at first, they were not particularly interested in each other romantically, but over time, they became increasingly attracted to each other and eventually married. this is best explained by the ____________.

repeated exposure effect

zosha and three of her friends have just watched a new movie. as they walk out of the movie, zoshas friends are talking about how they enjoyed the movie, and how good the actors portrayal was. if one of her friend then asks zosha how she likes the movie, she is likely to _________.

say that she also enjoyed the movie.

changing the comparison groups when judging members of different groups is known as

shifting standards

the idea tgat part of our self-esteem stems from identifying with the social groups to which we belong is part of

social identity theory

__________ are rules that indicate how people are expected to behave in particular situations

social norms

injuctive norms

specify the approval of behavior in a particular situation

jacob is a summer camp couslor who has decided to group his campers into one of three groups; each of these groups will be situated in seperate areas of the campground. what is the MOST likely outcome due to this situational context

the campers will develop a strong attachment to their own group and may grow to hold very negative views of the other groups

jessica has worked her way up in her organization and is now a mid-level manager. she has treated her subordinates the same way her male counterparts treat theirs. recently, jessica has been passed over for several promotions. the jobs went to male coworkers who were possibly not quite as well qualified as jessica. this situation probably represents ______.

the glass beiling effect

most people believe that social influence plays a smaller role in shaping their personal actions, while other people are more susceptible. this belief is referred to as _____

the introspection illusion

repeated exposure can lead to negative views of the stimulus if

the stimulus originally evokes negative emotions

whistle-blowers generally "blow the whistle" on corporate misbehavior because of what three attributes?

their attitude is extreme, certain, and derives from personal experience

national surveys, in asking about how much progress there has been in moving toward racial equality, consistently find that White respondents perceive that ______.

there's been a lot of progress

the class cliff effect experienced by women who break through the class ceiling refers to ___.

women being selected for leadership positions that are risky, precarious or when the outcome is more likely to result in failure

which of the following examples BEST illustrates a situation where there is a gap between our attitudes and behavior?

Roz tells her new boyfriend that she is extremely excited to see the new James Bond movie, even though she truly dreads seeing that film

one strategy that white people use to avoid appearing racist is to attemt to be color-blind. when participants were asked to describe a person to a partner as part of a game in a lab setting, white particpants were _____ to use descriptors when their parters were

both C and D

the usually negative affect (feelings) that people have about particular social groups is known as _____.

prejudice

_______ often refers to the practice of hiring one, or a small number, of individuals from a particular group, in order to demonstrate that no discrimation is being directed toward that group.

tokenism