Sociology

Based on the information presented in the textbook about health, which predictions are accurate and which are not?

Accurate Prediction(s) A Black woman is more likely to die from pregnancy-related causes than white women. Despite earning a higher income, a Black woman can expect ongoing negative health effects from racism Not Accurate Prediction(s) By earning a higher income, a Black woman can expect very few negative effects from racism on her health If a Black man is also an immigrant, he can expect a lesser impact of racism on his health outcomes.

Identify whether or not each statement about race and IQ is accurate.

Accurate Statement(s) Sociologists give little weight to IQ-based explanations for racial differences. As a group, Blacks have lower IQ scores than whites. Environmental influences affect individuals' IQs. Not Accurate Statement(s) The gap between Black and white IQ scores has remained steady for many decades.

Identify the correct explanations for the rise of real income in Western countries over the past century.

Correct Explanation(s) Items that might have been considered "luxury" in previous years are now available to those with lower incomes, in part due to being produced in countries like China or Taiwan. Robots, computers, and other technological advances help increase quantity of items and speed at which items are made. Incorrect Explanation(s) Western countries are producing more goods than the rest of the world. The financial complexity of the world has led to the rising value of Western currencies such as the dollar and the pound.

Which of the following are examples of racialization?

Example(s) retail workers following black customers in stores government forms requiring racial identification housing segregation based on race Not Example(s) immigration regulations tailored to country of origin

A minority group is smaller in number than a majority group (e.g., Asians are a minority group in the United States, compared to whites, who comprise a much larger portion of the U.S. population).

False

As with earlier recessions, the recovery following the 2008 recession brought with it a drop in the child poverty rate.

False

Population

Hispanics or Latino 18 percent Asians 6 percent Foreign Born 13 percent

Identify whether or not each phrase is a direct example of institutional racism.

Institutional Racism the Jim Crow era of the South ghettos in the United States Not Institutional Racism a white man shouts a racial insult at a Black man a woman holds distorted and negative opinions about another racial group

Identify the reasons why residential segregation is such a serious social problem.

Reason(s) It leads to other forms of segregation. It fosters a culture of segregation. It is hard to change or prevent. Not There is no remedy for laws mandating residential segregation.

Fill in the blanks to complete the passage about technology and the digital divide.

The uses of smartphones have expanded in recent decades. For example, 53 percent of young adults report having used a smartphone to search for a job. There are interesting correlations in smartphone use between certain activities and education level. For example, the group least likely to use a smartphone to fill out a job application are those who have a college degree. About 10 percent of this same group uses smartphones to create a resume or cover letter.

people

racial microaggressionsChester M. Pierce white privilegePeggy McIntosh color-blind racismEduardo Bonilla-Silva institutional racismStokely Carmichael and Charles Hamilton

Match each type of social mobility to the correct definition.

an individual moving up (or down) the social scale in his or her own lifetime intragenerational social mobility one family moving up the social ladder while another family moves down exchange mobility social change that makes the average person better (or worse) off structural social mobility children being in a different social class from their parents intergenerational social mobility

How large is the American "upper class" according to the U.S. Census Bureau?

About 7 million households

Match each theoretical approach to the corresponding statement about poverty.

People who live in poverty do not do enough to lift themselves out of poverty and are unqualified for important jobs. functionalism Competition for resources and the fact that a small portion of the population has an outsized portion of those resources makes it difficult for some individuals to escape poverty, even across generations. conflict theory The language used by politicians and in the media—terms like "welfare queen" and "white trash"—help shape individual opinions on poverty. symbolic interactionism

Identify the true and false statements about racial and ethnic composition in the United States.

True Statement(s) Whites are projected to drop below 50 percent of the total population around 2040. During the past five decades, Hispanics have been the largest growing racial/ethnic group. False Statement(s) During the past five decades, the percentage of blacks in the population has been growing at a slightly positive pace. By 2030, blacks, Hispanics, and Asians combined will outnumber whites.