Sociology Ch 1

Which of the following did queer theorist Eve Sedgwick argue? Multiple choice question. Any analysis of society is incomplete if it does not include the spectrum of sexual identities. Any analysis of society should be limited to heterosexuals. All men and women are heterosexual. Sexual identifications other than heterosexuality should be considered abnormal and invalid.

Any analysis of society is incomplete if it does not include the spectrum of sexual identities.

Which of the following early social thinkers created the term sociology? Multiple choice question. Emile Durkheim Auguste Comte Max Weber Harriet Martineau

Auguste Comte

The concept of the sociological imagination was developed by ______. - W. E. B. Du Bois - C. Wright Mills - Max Weber - Karl Marx

C. Wright Mills

Comparing everyday life to theater and stage, the dramaturgical approach to sociology was made popular by ______. Multiple choice question. Ida Wells-Barnett Erving Goffman C. Wright Mills Robert Merton

Erving Goffman

True or false: Although sociology is considered a science, sociologists avoid the careful recording of observations and accumulation of data. True false question.TrueFalse

False

_________ is the worldwide integration of government policies, cultures, social movements, and financial markets through trade and the exchange of ideas.

Globalization

Which sociologist wrote from the perspective of an African American woman and used her analysis of society as a means of combating oppression? Multiple choice question. Karl Marx W. E. B. Du Bois Jane Addams Ida Wells-Barnett

Ida Wells-Barnett

Which of the following would best describe clinical sociology? Multiple choice question. It combines the conflict and interactionist view to evaluate social issues. It makes it possible for abstract theorists to gather the data they need to develop their theories. It facilitates change through practices such as family therapy or the reorganization of a medical center. It is sociology practiced by medical professionals.

It facilitates change through practices such as family therapy or the reorganization of a medical center.

Which of the following would best describe clinical sociology? Multiple choice question. It is sociology practiced by medical professionals. It combines the conflict and interactionist view to evaluate social issues. It makes it possible for abstract theorists to gather the data they need to develop their theories. It facilitates change through practices such as family therapy or the reorganization of a medical center.

It facilitates change through practices such as family therapy or the reorganization of a medical center.

Which of the following best describes the interactionist perspective? Multiple choice question. It generalizes about everyday forms of social interaction in order to explain society as a whole. It uses research data focused on ethnic groups. It analyzes large-scale, society-wide patterns of behavior. It analyzes patterns of human behavior viewing humans as independent, individual beings.

It generalizes about everyday forms of social interaction in order to explain society as a whole.

Although sociologists draw on all approaches for various purposes, they do tend to favor one particular perspective over others. Which of the following statements about this tendency is true? Multiple choice question. It favors the functionalist perspective. It results in a broad and general view with no specifics. It influences their choice of what to study and how to study it. It creates irrelevant research results.

It influences their choice of what to study and how to study it.

Which of the following statements about sociological approaches are true? Multiple select question. Sociologists choose their approach based on the results they desire for a particular study. No one sociological approach is correct by itself. Sociologists tend to attack every approach except the one they prefer. Sociologists draw on all of the approaches for various purposes.

No one sociological approach is correct by itself. Sociologists draw on all of the approaches for various purposes.

Cow worship in Indian society, a provision of which prohibits eating beef, is a functioning part of that country's society for which of the following reasons? Multiple select question. The cow meat is coveted for its much-needed protein. The cow provides a means of producing milk. The cow is used for plowing fields. The cow produces dung used for cooking fuel and fertilizer.

The cow provides a means of producing milk. The cow is used for plowing fields. The cow produces dung used for cooking fuel and fertilizer.

Marx's writings helped inspire communist revolutions in ______. Multiple select question. Vietnam Nigeria China Japan Russia

Vietnam China Russia

Which of the following is the best example of a "third place"? Multiple choice question. a coffeehouse an office cubicle a friend's living room a person's apartment

a coffeehouse

Common sense beliefs are not always reliable because such beliefs lack which of the following? - a systematic analysis of the facts - an individual's own experiences and feelings - a basis in commonly held beliefs - the proper application of personal biases

a systematic analysis of the facts

Weber identified various characteristics of bureaucracy in order to provide a standard for measuring how bureaucratic an actual organization is. He called this standard ______. Multiple choice question. rationalization model behavior an ideal type anomie

an ideal type

Which of the following refers to Durkheim's notion on the loss of direction felt by individuals when social control becomes ineffective? Multiple choice question. social constraint communion anomie functionalism

anomie

Social science is the study of human interaction and change. Which of the following are examples of social science? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. anthropology physics sociology astronomy

anthropology, sociology

Using sociology to yield practical applications for human behavior and organizations is better known as ______. Multiple choice question. feminist view applied sociology sociological theory sociological perspective

applied sociology

Unlike other sociological disciplines, ______ sociology is less concerned with practical applications and instead aims for a deeper understanding of the fundamental aspects of social issues. Multiple choice question. clinical basic medical applied

basic

An interactionist sociologist would be likely to study which of the following? Multiple select question. the role of gender and race in social inequality behavior in small groups the effects of social institutions on social stability how workers communicate on the job

behavior in small groups how workers communicate on the job

When an immigrant family arrives in a new country and engages in previously functional behavior that no longer serves a social function in the new cultural environment, the functionalist perspective predicts that the ______. Multiple choice question. behavior will not be passed on to a new generation family unit will dissolve behavior will intensify over time family will return to its country of origin

behavior will not be passed on to a new generation

Sociologist Jane Addams cared for immigrants entering the United States, specifically those migrating to ______. Multiple choice question. farmlands suburbs cities coastal areas

cities

________ refers to a person's opinions formed through life experiences and conversations. Multiple choice question. Careful research Pure logic Common sense Sociological imagination

common sense

Karl Marx's view of social classes is best described as part of which of the following sociological perspectives? Multiple choice question. functionalist latent interactionist conflict

conflict

The feminist perspective is most closely aligned with the ______ perspective. Multiple choice question. functionalist interactionist liberal conflict

conflict

Which theoretical perspective takes the view that the social world is characterized by continual struggle between competing groups? Multiple choice question. global conflict functionalist interactionist

conflict

The ______ proposes that social behavior can best be understood by looking at tension between groups over power or the allocation of resources. Multiple choice question. interactionist perspective dramaturgical approach functionalist perspective conflict perspective

conflict perspective

According to French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, which of the following refers to noneconomic goods, such as family background and education, which are reflected in a knowledge of language and the arts? Multiple choice question. theoretical capital cultural capital social capital

cultural capital

Robert Merton is particularly well-known for his theory that attempts to explain ______. Multiple choice question. deviant behavior cultural capital prejudice and discrimination social inequality

deviant behavior

The division of an individual's identity into two or more social realities is known as _______, which is a term coined by W. E. B. DuBois. Multiple choice question. double vision double consciousness dual realities bipolar disorder

double consciousness

The theory that explains the methods individuals use to "put on a show" in order to manage how others view them is called ______. Multiple choice question. conflict theory sociological imagination sociological theory dramaturgy

dramaturgy

According to Durkheim, anomie is most likely to occur ______. Multiple choice question. during a time of peace and stability when society has ceased to evolve during a period of profound social change when the citizenry is vested in their society

during a period of profound social change

An effective theory may have the ability to ______ relationships between seemingly isolated things and to ______ how a change in an environment will lead to other changes. Multiple choice question.

explain, predict

Marx and Engels identified two social classes: the ______ who possess the means of production and ______ who must do all the work. Multiple choice question. liberals; conservatives exploiters; exploited politicians; executives exploited; exploiters

exploiters; exploited

Charles Horton Cooley studied society from a sociological perspective but focused on ______. Multiple choice question. large, abstract social institutions conflict between the social classes functions and dysfunctions families and other small groups

families and other small groups

Charles Horton Cooley pursued the discipline of sociology by studying which of the following? Multiple select question. families governments corporations groups of friends

families, groups of friends

Which sociological perspective has as its central tenet that gender inequality is central to all behavior and organization? Multiple choice question. misogynist transgender feminist functionalist

feminist

Ida Wells-Barnett is best known for examining social problems from which of the following perspectives? Multiple choice question. the feminist view the Marxist view the functionalist view the interactionist view

feminist view

The sociological perspective that focuses on how parts of society contribute to help maintain social stability is known as the Blank______ perspective. Multiple choice question. functionalist feminist conflict interactionist

functionalist

The three theoretical perspectives most widely used by sociologists are ______. Multiple choice question. liberal, conservative, and libertarian functionalist, conflict, and interactionist socialist, communist, and feminist physical, biological, and psychological

functionalist, conflict, and interactionist

Natural science is the study of the physical features of nature and the ways in which they interact and change. Which of the following are examples of natural science? (Choose every correct answer.) - anthropology - biology - history - geology

geology, biology

Sociologists have identified additional levels of research beyond those that Robert Merton used. These include which of the following? Multiple select question. global sociology functional sociology mesosociology macrosociology microsociology

global sociology mesosociology

Marx emphasized the ______ that influence an individual's place in society. Multiple choice question. religious beliefs and practices personal characteristics biological forces group identifications and associations

group identifications and associations

Often, the goal of applied or public sociology is to ______. Multiple choice question. help resolve a social problem seek profound knowledge of fundamental aspects of a social phenomena refine sociological research methods create new sociological perspectives

help resolve a social problem

Jane Addams did which three of the following? Multiple select question. helped industrial leaders work together helped establish a juvenile court system helped prevent racial segregation in Chicago public schools helped people establish successful farms helped create a women's trade union

helped establish a juvenile court system helped prevent racial segregation in Chicago public schools helped create a women's trade union

The functionalist perspective emphasizes ______. Multiple choice question. how looking at society from a micro level contributes to understanding shared understandings of everyday behavior how social order is based on coercion and exploitation how parts of a society are structured to maintain stability

how parts of a society are structured to maintain stability

A construct or model used for evaluating specific cases is what Weber called a(n) ___________ type.

ideal

The conflict perspective focuses on ______. Multiple choice question. the interrelated functions of social units ways to increase efficiency within corporations interaction between individuals within society inequality of power and the tension between groups

inequality of power and the tension between groups

Which of the following refers to a social media user who has established credibility in a specific industry, has access to a huge audience, and can persuade others to act based on their recommendations? Multiple choice question. microsociologist sponsor influencer globalist

influencer

According to Merton, _______ use illegal or deviant means of obtaining the accepted goal of achieving material wealth. Multiple choice question. ritualists conformists innovators retreatists

innovators

A good theory ______. Multiple choice question. confirms what people already believe is both explanatory and predictive is both systematic and conclusive is explanatory but not predictive

is both explanatory and predictive

Some sociologists, notably Karl Marx, Jane Addams, and Ida Wells-Barnett, have used their understanding of social inequality to advocate for social ______.

justice

The unconscious or unintended functions that may reflect hidden purposes of an institution are referred to as _______ functions.

latent

Studying a society through the lens of large-scale phenomena would be an example of which of the following? Multiple choice question. globalization macrosociology megasociology microsociology

macrosociology

The open, stated, and conscious functions of an institution are its ______ functions.

manifest

Examining social problems through smaller groups and more intimate settings would be an example of which of the following? Multiple choice question. minisociology macrosociology microsociology introspection

microsociology

Parsons believed an aspect of society that does not contribute to society's survival or stability will ______. Multiple choice question. eventually find a way to do so produce productive social changes within the society not be passed on from one generation to the next continue to persist and potentially destroy society

not be passed on from one generation to the next

Which of the following forms of symbolic interaction are forms of nonverbal communication? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. arguments postures facial expressions gestures

postures facial expressions gestures

Michael Burawoy encouraged scholars to engage a broader audience in bringing about positive outcomes through what he called ______. Multiple choice question. public sociology macro sociology clinical sociology advanced sociology

public sociology

The study of society from the perspective of a broad spectrum of sexual identities is known as ______. Multiple choice question. conflict theory queer theory double consciousness nonverbal communication

queer theory

Which of the following are emphasized by conflict theorists? Multiple select question. redistribution of resources nonverbal communication social change manipulation of symbols manifest functions

redistribution of resources social change

Which of the following are examples of something a clinical sociologist might do? Multiple select question. prescribe a drug therapy with weekly therapy sessions restructure a medical center family therapy micromanage a business

restructure a medical center family therapy

Which of the following illustrate the level of globalization in our world today? Multiple select question. rock songs by Australian artists recorded by American record companies owned by Japanese corporations changes in U.S. gas prices caused by oil production fluctuations in the Middle East unemployment in the United States caused by production shifting overseas worldwide economic downturn in the wake of the Sept. 11, 2001 terrorist attacks an American chain restaurant putting local diners out of business in a small U.S. town

rock songs by Australian artists recorded by American record companies owned by Japanese corporations changes in U.S. gas prices caused by oil production fluctuations in the Middle East unemployment in the United States caused by production shifting overseas worldwide economic downturn in the wake of the Sept. 11, 2001 terrorist attacks

The term __________ refers to the body of knowledge obtained by methods based on systematic observation.

science

In the most general terms, sociology is the study of ______. - individual behavior in the exchange of goods and services - abnormal psychology and criminal groups - psychological behavior and political groups - social behavior and human groups

social behavior and human groups

According to French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, the collective benefit of social networks, which are built on reciprocal trust, is known as ______. Multiple choice question. social reform technical capital social capital the status quo

social capital

When you are offered a job because your uncle's best friend owns the company, you are benefiting from what sociologist Pierre Bourdieu referred to as Blank______. Multiple choice question. cultural capital social capital micro-level capital double consciousnes

social capital

Parsons's functionalist theory rests upon the idea that ______. Multiple choice question. those with power constrain those without clashes within society result in the strong surviving social components work together to maintain society sociologists should understand society as a result of small-group interactions

social components work together to maintain society

Comparing the life of a company president or CEO with a dishwasher or taxi driver shows us glaring examples of ______. Multiple choice question. theory sociological imagination anomie social inequality

social inequality

The condition in which members of a society have differing amounts of power, prestige, and wealth is called ______. Multiple choice question. social inequality false consciousness social capital applied sociology

social inequality

Auguste Comte advocated for a systematic study of social behavior that he believed would lead to more rational human interactions, calling it ______. Multiple choice question. psychology human psychosis sociology metaphysics

sociology

The systematic study of human groups and social behavior is referred to as ______. - physics - psychology - sociology - anthropology

sociology

Weber used the term verstehen to analyze social behavior. He believed that to understand behavior we must look at how other people view and explain their own behavior from a(n) ______ perspective. Multiple choice question. subjective global objective scientific

subjective

Marx and Engels, writing in The Communist Manifesto, were concerned about which of the following? Multiple choice question. the way in which the government overprotected workers the domination of the proletariat by the wealthy the cooperation between owners and workers the positive and uplifting role of religion in society

the domination of the proletariat by the wealthy

Marx argued that the domination of owners over workers was maintained by ______. Multiple choice question. equality between the classes the economic, political, and social relationships in a capitalist society the lack of true understanding of religious principles the concerted efforts of a few bad individuals who ruined capitalism for everyone else

the economic, political, and social relationships in a capitalist society

When referring to the division of an individual's identity into two or more social realities, W. E. B. DuBois was describing which of the following? Multiple choice question. being part of the status quo and fighting to maintain power the experience of being Black in white America the experience of being an academic and white holding two jobs to try to make ends meet

the experience of being Black in white America

Which are the views most widely used by sociologists in examining society? Multiple select question. the interactionist perspective the conflict perspective the physicalist perspective the liberal perspective the functionalist perspective

the interactionist perspective the conflict perspective the functionalist perspective

The growing role of influencers is demonstrative of which of the following? Multiple choice question. the interconnectedness of the world the significance of social inequality the retreat from globalization the increase in basic sociology research

the interconnectedness of the world

Marx and Engels authored The Communist Manifesto, wherein they argued that ______. Multiple choice question. the proletariat workers should unite and overthrow the capitalists the weak should perish so that the strong could thrive government should continue to dominate the proletariat masses capitalists should continue to dominate the proletariat

the proletariat workers should unite and overthrow the capitalists

Cultural capital refers to the kind of education that is valued by which of the following? Multiple choice question. manufacturers craftspeople uneducated immigrants the socially elite

the socially elite

The ability to recognize the connection between our own lives and larger social trends, including present and past relationships, is called ______. Multiple choice question. anomie the sociological imagination the functionalist perspective the conflict perspective

the sociological imagination

Which of the following refers to a social setting other than home and work where people routinely gather? Multiple choice question. verstehen the third place the special spot a public scene

the third place

Sociologists use ______ to explain social problems, actions, or behaviors. Multiple choice question. guesses hypotheses theories definitive statements

theories

A set of statements that seeks to explain social problems, actions, or behaviors is called a sociological ______. survey experiment hypothesis theory

theory

Robert Merton's contribution to the study of sociology combined ______. Multiple choice question. surveys and interviews philosophy and theology theory and research activism and social work

theory and research

True or false: People use verbal and nonverbal symbols in social interaction. True false question.TrueFalse

true

Weber believed that individuals should use ______, the German word for "understanding" or "insight," to analyze social behavior. Multiple choice question. dysfunction theory anomie verstehen

verstehen

According to W. E. B. Du Bois, what is the greatest source of power in our society? Multiple choice question. education knowledge military presence ethics wealth

wealth