Sociology Ch. 7 and 21

The term deviance can be defined as:

A violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms, whether folkways, mores, or codified law.

Strain theory:

Addresses the relationship between having socially acceptable goals and having socially acceptable means to reach those goals.

Functionalist Émile Durkheim believed some deviance within society was:

Necessary; it challenged people's views.

PETA (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals) is an animal rights group that has over 2 million members across the country and spends millions of dollars on advertising (print, broadcast and social media) in order to spread social awareness about their cause each year. Which theory attempts to explain PETA's success?

Resource mobilization theory

Social control is:

The regulation and enforcement of norms.

Which of the following best defines a social movement?

A purposeful organized group hoping to work toward a common social goal.

Jake receives a promotion at his law firm after winning an important case. This is an example of a:

Positive formal sanction

The Human Rights Campaign (HRC) is a non-profit organization located in Washington, D.C. which advocates for equal rights and marriage rights of gay, lesbian, transgender, and bisexual citizens. The HRC is a ____ group:

Reform

Ally's father was sent to prison when she was 12 for the trafficking of narcotics; her brother was arrested when she was 13 for possession of methamphetamines. By the age of 18, Ally has been arrested three times for possession of marijuana. Which theory best describes Ally's experience?

Differential association theory

An airplane has crashed on a deserted island off the coast of Fiji. The survivors are forced to learn new behaviors in order to adapt to the situation and each other. This is an example of which theory?

Emergent norm

The National Organization for Marriage is a group which travels across the country, condemning homosexuality and advocating against new laws allowing gay marriage. What type of movement are they participating in?

Resistance

Which of the following is the best definition of social change?

The change in society created through social movements as well as external factors like environmental shifts or technological innovations.