Sociology Chapter 3

Which of the following groups is MOST likely to be classified as a counterculture?

a militia group living in Montana

When Patti Sue took a world tour, she had lunch at McDonald's in Tokyo, ate dinner at the Hard Rock Cafe in Hong Kong, purchased clothes at Macy's in London, and was entertained at a Disney show in Paris. This homogenization of cultures around the world is called

cultural leveling.

What is it called when someone has the ability to understand another culture in terms of that culture's own norms and values without reference to any other culture's standards?

cultural relativism

The controversy surrounding North Carolina's 2016 HB2 law is an example of which of the following concepts?

culture wars

What is it called when an individual uses their group's way of doing things as the standard for judging others?

ethnocentrism

Examples of ________ are designer labels on purses and logos on shirts.

material culture

Unlike folkways, mores are closely related to

the core values of a group.

________ is an example of something that would be part of an individual's or society's symbolic culture.

Belonging to a political party

________ occurs when the dominant culture succeeds in imposing its values and ideas on all of society.

Hegemony

How is culture transmitted and internalized?

We learn values and beliefs slowly and incrementally.

In 2005, the Northwestern University women's lacrosse team won an NCAA championship and was invited to the White House to receive congratulations from the president. Controversy erupted after the team's visit when the official photograph revealed that several team members were wearing flip-flops. Despite the outcry, the athletes took the criticism in stride by talking about it on TheToday Show and auctioning the offending footwear for charity. What kind of norm did the athletes break by wearing flip-flops to the White House, given the reaction and the team's response?

a folkway

The Japanese observed soldiers playing baseball during the American occupation of Japan after World War II and later adopted it as one of their pastimes. This is an example of

cultural diffusion.

In the article "Jihad vs. McWorld," Benjamin R. Barber points out that "in November of 1991 Switzerland's once insular culture boasted best-seller lists featuring Terminator 2 as the #1 movie, Scarlett as the #1 book, and Prince's Diamonds and Pearls as the #1 album." Many people worry that the prominence of American culture goes beyond the media and represents the wholesale imposition of American values on other cultures, which is a process called

cultural imperialism.

Oftentimes, a larger number of people claim that they voted in their recent local elections than the number that actually did vote. This is perhaps because more people believed that they should have voted. This belief is an example of

ideal culture.

Informal norms are different from formal norms, in that

informal norms are implied and unwritten.

Which term describes a policy of honoring diverse racial, ethnic, national, and linguistic backgrounds?

multiculturalism

It's all too common to see someone driving a car on a busy freeway while cursing and gesturing at another motorist whose poor driving has upset them. Cursing and gesturing are an individual's attempt at

negative sanctions.

Which of the following sequences lists norms in the correct order, from the most strictly enforced to the least?

taboos, mores, folkways