Sociology Chapter 5

On a college campus, a dean approaches a group of freshmen and tells them their table and display cannot remain at the current location. Which reply by one of the students would constitute interactional vandalism?

"If you're not going to support students like us, you shouldn't have taken the job as dean."

Identify the online dating interactions that reflect "highly gendered status hierarchies," as defined by sociologist Kevin Lewis.

1. A man with a PhD typically initiates interaction with women who have BAs, but not less education than that. 2. A woman initiates interaction with a man who has higher education and more income than she does.

Classify each expression of a person's feelings as either "gives" or "gives off."

1. A person feeling skeptical squints and mutters, "Huh." 2. A salesperson answering a customer's question offers a reassuring smile.

Identify the examples of online communication that subvert the rules of interaction, thereby potentially threatening those in power.

1. A restaurant posts fake favorable reviews to Yelp, a site where consumers rate businesses. 2. In a forum where everyone is expected to use his or her real name, a user uses a pseudonym.

Classify each instance of communication as either verbal or nonverbal.

1. A teenager who doesn't understand a question responds with "Huh?" 2. A middle school student passes a note to a classmate.

Identify which behaviors are examples of impression management.

1. During the morning rush at a coffee shop, a barista greets a customer with a smile. 2. A soldier in basic training acts scared of the drill sergeant, despite not really being intimidated.

Mudrick, a man in his late fifties, approaches a woman on the street and tries to initiate a conversation. Identify the statements that describe why a sociologist would classify this interaction as interactional vandalism.

1. His initiation violates normal conversational "openings." 2. A person of less social power is deliberately subverting conversational norms with a person of more social power.

Classify each social interaction as either focused or unfocused.

1. Someone repairing a machine gives instructions to an assistant. 2. A person leaving a company sits down with someone from HR for an exit interview.

According to Elijah Anderson, which factors would classify Philadelphia's Rittenhouse Square Park as a "cosmopolitan canopy"?

1. a man assisting an elderly woman 2. women looking after children 3. people walking their dogs

According to sociologist Elijah Anderson, how would an observer judge each group based on its level of "safeness"? Place the different groups of people in order from "most safe" to "least safe."

1. children 2. white women 3. black women 4. middle-aged black men 5. black male teenagers

Impression management is behavior by which people control how they come across to ----. Some of this behavior is deliberate, such as ---- for a job interview, but much of it is ----, such as ---- when one's boss approaches.

1. other people 2. dressing up 3. unconscious 4. changes in posture

Although words can convey a wide range of meanings, they do not easily convey facial expressions. In ---- messages and e-mail, special combinations of characters such as :) or ;) were introduced to fill the gap and help users convey ----. Alternatively, one can use services like ----, FaceTime, and Snapchat that provide ---- as well as audio communication.

1. text 2. emotions 3. skype 4. visual

Which are possible goals of impression management?

1. to protect oneself from unwanted emotions 2. to improve one's position in the world 3. to spare the feelings of others

Which are the purposes of conversation analysis?

1. to reveal the role of conversation in the production and reproduction of social order 2. to reveal the organizational principles of conversation

According to Elijah Anderson, which factors would classify Philadelphia's Rittenhouse Square Park as a "cosmopolitan canopy"?

1. women looking after children 2. a man assisting an elderly woman 3. people walking their dogs

How do micro- and macroanalysis intersect when male construction workers direct catcalls at female pedestrians passing a job site?

Correct choiceThe conversation is a microlevel event, but the gender dynamic is a macrolevel phenomenon.

What is problematic about the following exchange between a store clerk and a customer she has never met? Clerk: How are you today? Customer: I'm anxious about the colonoscopy I have scheduled for this afternoon.

The store clerk probably did not want, and certainly didn't expect, the kind of detail the customer is providing.

For what social function are clocks essential?

coordinating the activities of workers over time and across large distances

Which interactional settings are examples of "front region" or "back region," as Erving Goffman calls them?

1. A group of high school students stages a protest over the school's parking policy. 2. A blogger puts up a series of posts about a recent school shooting.

The "compulsion of proximity" makes world leaders go to great efforts to meet in person rather than electronically. Identify the benefits of face-to-face interaction.

1. Establishing trust with eye contact. 2. The ability to impress others with one's sincerity.

Apply the correct label to each zone of personal space, as described by Edward T. Hall.

1. Inimate 2. Personal 3. Social 4. Public

Which scenarios are examples of civil inattention?

1. People in an elevator stare quietly up at the changing floor numbers. 2. A man seated near a woman whom he finds attractive pretends to be absorbed in a book.

Which of the following did Christine Miranda learn about New York iPod users when she observed their interactions with strangers on the subway?

1. Subway passengers viewed an iPod and headphones as signs that the user didn't want to be disturbed. 2. It took extra effort for other people to get iPod users' attention.

Identify the correct explanations for why the study of brief, minor one-on-one social interactions is one of the most absorbing of all areas of sociological investigation.

1. Such interactions are part of how we shape our reality. 2. Our daily routines are organized around such interactions. 3. Large-scale social patterns are built up from small-scale ones.

Based on the view of sociologist Elijah Anderson, which reasons qualify Philadelphia's mall The Galleria as a "canopy"?

1. The mall atmosphere is orderly and relaxed. 2. Different types of people come to the mall.

What percentage of Americans who use the Internet are on Facebook?

71%

Role

A doctor is expected to see a certain number of patients per day, to address them courteously, and to treat them in a medically appropriate way.

status

A doctor is generally treated with respect, and most parents are happy if their child aspires to become a doctor.

social position

A doctor's profession is known or clearly visible to others, and he or she is often addressed or referred to using the title "doctor."

Person B: Nothing.

A parent sees a teenager on her computer.

Person B: Just getting the mail.

A wife sees her husband headed out the door.

Person B: I'm doing myself a favor.

A worker sees a coworker rearranging her workstation.

Like common facial expressions, many gestures and bodily postures have universal, cross-cultural meanings.

False

How do micro- and macroanalysis intersect when male construction workers direct catcalls at female pedestrians passing a job site?

The conversation is a microlevel event, but the gender dynamic is a macrolevel phenomenon.

Compared to in-person meetings and traditional phone conferencing, e-mail tends to provide a more level playing field for interactions between people in different social positions.

True

Which context makes the most sense for the following exchange? Person A: Hand over your leg. Person B: Here you go.

Two people are assembling a table.

Which expression comes closest to being a synonym for ethnomethodology?

conversational norms

What is the main challenge in programming computers to converse with human beings?

equipping computers with the necessary shared understanding

What is the Facial Action Coding System (FACS), developed by Paul Ekman and others, designed to record?

facial muscle movements related to expressions

Which type of organization first attempted to precisely schedule the activities of its members for entire days and weeks?

fourteenth-century monasteries

If one wanted to show that the relationship between emotions and facial expressions has nothing to do with culture, which research technique would make the most sense?

observe the facial expressions of children who were born blind and deaf

The phrase "audience segregation" refers to which of the following?

presenting different images of oneself to different groups of people

agency

the ability to think, act, and make independent choices

What is microsociology?

the study of the social dynamics of pairs or small groups of people

According to James Henslin and Mae Biggs, what is the primary sociological purpose of the preparations that occur before a woman receives a gynecological exam?

to temporarily take away the patient's personhood

Identify the organizations that fit the description of what Erving Goffman calls a "total institution."

1. army boot camp 2. a prison

Which aspects of a conversation between two people would be part of conversation analysis?

1. the duration of conversational pauses 2. the use of filler words

A person performing a task makes a mistake and exclaims, "Whoops!" Which are reasonable inferences about this situation?

Another person is probably present. The mistake is probably minor and correctable.

This set of images was used by Paul Ekman to test the theory that basic modes of expression are the same in all cultures. Identify the emotion that corresponds to each facial expression.

Happiness, sadness, anger, disgust