Sociology of the Family Chapter 12

Which of the following is the most common reason why intimate partner violent crime is not reported to the police? a) The victim fears reprisal or getting the offender in trouble. b) The victim does not believe the police would or could actually help. The victim would rather deal with the issue personally and not involve the police

A The most common reasons why victims do not report intimate partner violence to the police are that they either fear reprisal from the person who attacked them or fear that they will get the offender in trouble

declining violence: decline in married or cohabiting adults

A decline in the number of married or cohabitating adults may have reduced violence simply by reducing the number of people exposed to potentially violent partners

care relationship

A relationship in which one person is responsible for another's care

intimacy

A type of relationship in which people love or at least know each other very well and interact in private

intimate terrorism

A violent and demeaning form of abuse in a romantic relationship, in which the victim (usually female) is frightened to fight back, seek help, or withdraw. In this case, the victim is in danger of physical as well as psychological harm.

Theresa and Bill have been married for 7 years. During their marriage, they have had some occasional arguments that have resulted in physical violence. This situation illustrates which pattern of violence? a) intimate terrorism b) common couple violence c) mutual violent control violent resistance

B Common couple violence is the most common form of intimate partner violence; it results from specific arguments within a couple but does not involve a pattern of escalating violence over time

______ employ specially trained staff who take a problem-solving approach to family violence as opposed to a more punitive one. a) Responsibility frames b) Domestic violence courts c) Court-ordered treatment programs d) Civil protection orders

B Domestic violence courts in the justice system are specialized courts that use specially trained staff, including judges and advocates for victims, who take a problem-solving approach rather than a more punitive one

Data on child abuse and neglect cases show that in the majority of cases, the perpetrator is a) the victim's father. b) the victim's mother. c) a male relative. a female relative

B The most common perpetrator relationship to the victim cited in child abuse and neglect cases is that of the child's mother. The child's father is the second most common. This partly reflects the likelihood that children will spend more time with their mothers and single-parent families are likely to be headed by mothers. Together, mothers and fathers account for 80 percent of child abuse and neglect cases

Research shows that 14 percent of the elderly have reported experiencing abuse, with the most common experience being a) physical abuse. b) sexual abuse. c) coercive control. expressive aggression

C A large national survey of the elderly found that 14 percent had experienced some kind of abuse. The most common experiences were coercive control (including threats, keeping elders from leaving home, or controlling their money without consent) and expressive aggression (such as acting so angry that it felt dangerous, or they were severely insulted or humiliated)

Violence within families is complicated by the relationship between victims and perpetrators. These are ______ relationships in which one person is responsible for another's ______. a) vulnerable; control b) romantic; happiness c) intimate; care d) public; neglect

C The two elements generally present in the relationship between victims of family violence and perpetrators are intimacy, meaning the people involved love or know each other very well, and a care relationship, in which one person is responsible for another person's care. This also means that what happens within the family may be viewed as private and may be invisible to those outside the family

consequences of family violence

Consequences can include, but are not limited to, drug abuse, depression, and weight or sleep problems

family violence and abuse: leaving abusers

For serious violence, women face higher risks shortly after they have left their abusers

rape

Forced vaginal, anal, or oral penetration or attempted penetration of a person without his or her consent

interventions: court-ordered treatment

Many courts require perpetrators to undergo court-ordered psychological counseling or other treatment as part of or in addition to their punishment

family violence and abuse: drug and alcohol abuse

Relationships that involve drug or alcohol abuse are more likely to be violent

incest

Sex between close relatives

consequences of family violence: future intimate relationships

Survivors of abuse have a higher rate of risky sexual behavior and reduced likelihood of establishing healthy, long-lasting relationships.

child abuse and neglect

The act or failure to act on the part of a parent or caretaker that results in (or puts children at imminent risk for) physical or emotional harm, sexual abuse, or exploitation

declining violence: shelters and hotlines

The increase of shelters and hotlines for abused women and children and in domestic violence legal services may have made it easier for women to gain protection or distance from their abusive partners

elder abuse

The physical, sexual, or emotional abuse of old people by someone with whom they share an intimate or caring relationship

patterns of abuse and neglect

Those who live with parents who have their own mental health problems, poor impulse control and low self-esteem, or a history of violence, those in households where domestic violence occurs between adults, those in poor families or poor neighborhoods, those in families with weak support networks

interventions: mandatory arrest or pro-arrest rules

To separate couples and increase the chance that police can convince the victim to press charges, some communities have instituted mandatory arrest policies requiring (or strongly encouraging) police to make an arrest and separate a couple experiencing violence.

sexual assault

Unwanted penetration or touch by force or threat of force, without consent

intimate partner violence

Violence between partners who are (or were) involved in a sexual or romantic relationship

who is at greater risk of abuse

Women are at much greater risk of rape and of violence that causes serious injury

family violence and abuse: cohabiting relationships

Women in cohabitating relationships are more likely to experience violence than those who are married

family violence and abuse: women facing experience economic hardship

Women in families that experience economic hardship are more likely to suffer intimate partner violence

declining violence: economic independence

Women's increased economic independence and the greater acceptance of divorce have made it easier for many women to leave abusive relationships, which could reduce the risk of violence

expressive aggression

acting so angry that it felt dangerous, or severely insulting or humiliating elders

interventions: civil protection orders

after a spouse or partner is physically abused by the other partner, she or he may be able to obtain a legal order from a judge prohibiting contact between the abused and the abuser or imposing harsher sentences if more violence occurs

indirect violence

include threats of force or intimidation and neglect

violence resistance

is a situation where an intimate partner victim fights back.

common couple violence

most common form of violence, results from specific arguments within the relationship of a couple

marital rape

rape within marriage

intimate partner violence: rate and ethnicity

reported violence is more common among American Indians and African Americans than among Whites and Asians.

family violence

several kinds of harm caused by family members against other family members

interventions: courts

special domestic violence courts have been created in an attempt to prevent domestic violence

coercive control

threats, keeping elders from leaving home, or controlling their money without consent