Sociology Quiz 4: Chapter 4

Occupation is an example of a(n) _________.

achieved status

A football coach who always plays the "tough guy" role in the presence of the players on his team feels comfortable showing emotional frailties when he is at home. This illustrates what sociologist Erving Goffman called ___________ behavior.

back stage

Sociologist Erving Goffman used the term ___________ to refer to the ways in which an individual shows an awareness that another is present without making this person the object of particular attention.

civil inattention

Media stories that focus on the lack of education or work history among the homeless rather than on structural factors such as economic recession or the lack of affordable housing fail to account for the ___________ of the situation.

macro view

Durkheim used the term ___________ to refer to the social cohesion of preindustrial societies, in which there is minimal division of labor and people feel united by shared values and common social bonds.

mechanical solidarity

__________ occurs when the expectations associated with a role are unclear.

role ambiguity

___________ refers to the conscious fostering of the impression of a lack of commitment or attachment to a particular role. It is clear one merely goes through the motions of role performance.

role distancing

Carlos is a freshman at the local college. As a student, he is feeling pressure. He wants to party like the rest of his fraternity brothers, but at the same time, he wants to maintain his 4.0 grade point average. Sociologists would say Carlos is experiencing ___________.

role strain

Sociologists define a(n) ____________ as a larger, more specialized group in which members engage in more impersonal, goal-oriented relationships for a limited period of time.

secondary group

Teacher, student, professional athlete, rock musician, and homeless person are socially defined position characterized by certain expectations. These positions are examples of _________.

statuses