Sociology Quiz Chapter 9 & 10

Which statement illustrates low status consistency?

A college dropout launches an online company that earns millions in its first year.

Which statement represents stratification from the perspective of symbolic interactionism?

After work, Pat, a janitor, feels more comfortable eating in a truck stop than a French restaurant.

Which of the following scenarios is an example of intergenerational mobility?

An executive belongs to a different class than her parents.

Which of these systems allows for the most social mobility?

Class

France might be classified as which kind of nation?

Core

Which person best illustrates opportunities for upward social mobility in the United States?

First-generation college student

What factor makes caste systems closed?

People cannot change their social standings

Which graphic concept best illustrates the concept of social stratification?

Pyramid

What factor makes class systems open?

They allow for movement between the classes.

Structural mobility occurs when:

a large group moves up or down the class ladder due to societal changes

Maya is a twelve-year-old girl living in Thailand. She is homeless, and often does not know where she will sleep or when she will eat. We might say that Maya lives in _________ poverty.

absolute

In the past, the United States manufactured clothes. Many clothing corporations have shut down their U.S. factories and relocated to China. This is an example of:

capital flight

Slavery in the pre-Civil War U.S. South most closely resembled

chattel slavery

The behaviors, customs, and norms associated with a class are known as:

class traits

A sociologist who focuses on the way that multinational corporations headquartered in core nations exploit the local workers in their peripheral nation factories is using a _________ perspective to understand the global economy.

conflict theory

Dependency theorists explain global inequality and global stratification by focusing on the way that:

core nations exploit peripheral nations

In a U.S. town, a mining company owns all the stores and most of the houses. It sells goods to the workers at inflated prices, offers house rentals for twice what a mortgage would be, and makes sure to always pay the workers less than needed to cover food and rent. Once the workers are in debt, they have no choice but to continue working for the company, since their skills will not transfer to a new position. This situation most closely resembles:

debt slavery

Unlike Davis and Moore, Melvin Tumin believed that, because of social stratification, some qualified people were _______ higher-level job positions.

denied the opportunity to obtain

If a sociologist points out that core nations dominate the global economy, in part by creating global interest rates and international tariffs that will inevitably favor high-income nations over low-income nations, he is a:

dependency theorist

When Karl Marx said workers experience alienation, he meant that workers:

do not feel connected to their work

Based on meritocracy, a physician's assistant would:

earn a pay raise for doing excellent work

A ____________ perspective theorist might find it particularly noteworthy that wealthy corporations improve the quality of life in peripheral nations by providing workers with jobs, pumping money into the local economy, and improving transportation infrastructure.

functional

Conflict theorists view capitalists as those who:

get rich while workers stay poor

One flaw in modernization theory is the unwillingness to recognize _________

its inherent ethnocentric bias

In the United States, most people define themselves as:

middle class

If a sociologist says that nations evolve toward more advanced technology and more complex industry as their citizens learn cultural values that celebrate hard work and success, she is using _______ theory to study the global economy.

modernization theory

Occupational prestige means that jobs are:

not equally valued

Social stratification is a system that:

ranks society members into categories

Mike, a college student, rents a studio apartment. He cannot afford a television and lives on cheap groceries like dried beans and ramen noodles. Since he does not have a regular job, he does not own a car. Mike is living in:

relative poverty

The basic premise of the Davis-Moore thesis is that the unequal distribution of rewards in social stratification:

serves a purpose in society

Faith has a full-time job and two children. She has enough money for the basics and can pay her rent each month, but she feels that, with her education and experience, her income should be enough for her family to live much better than they do. Faith is experiencing:

subjective poverty

One flaw in dependency theory is the unwillingness to recognize _______.

that previously low-income nations such as China have successfully developed their economies and can no longer be classified as dependent on core nations

The GNI PPP figure represents:

the average annual income of a country's citizens

A sociologist working from a symbolic interaction perspective would:

want to interview women working in factories to understand how they manage the expectations of their supervisors, make ends meet, and support their households on a day-to-day basis