Spanish: Types of disease and infirmity

la enfermedad Kawasaki [es una enfermedad multisistémica, idiopática, caracterizada por vasculitis que afecta a vasos de pequeño y mediano calibre, especialmente a arterias coronarias provocando clásicamente aneurismas en éstas, además, suele asociarse a algún síndrome mucocutáneo. La enfermedad aguda presenta fiebre, eritema, erosión conjuntival, oral, edemas en miembros, eritema en plantas y manos, erupciones cutáneas e hiperplasia de los ganglios linfáticos cervicales y ocasionalmente inflamación cardíaca y de las articulaciones mayores.3]

Kawasaki disease [Kawasaki disease is a very rare and mysterious ailment that strikes children under age 5. The symptoms include a high and prolonged fever (lasting more than 5 days), patchy rash, swelling and redness of the hands and feet, bloodshot eyes, and chapped, red lips. Without treatment, the illness can damage the heart and may be fatal. Doctors have yet to discover what causes Kawasaki disease.]

la enfermedad de Lyme

Lyme disease [The hallmark of Lyme disease is a target-shaped rash that appears 1-2 weeks after a tick bite, though not everyone will develop the distinctive rash. The rash may be accompanied by a fever, chills, and body aches. The culprit is a type of bacterium carried by tiny deer ticks. Without treatment, Lyme disease can affect the joints, nervous system, and heart.]

las SARM, S. (Staphylococcus) aureus resistente a meticilina, las infecciones por estafilococo aureus resistente a la meticiclina

MRSA/staph infection [MRSA is a type of staph bacteria that doesn't respond to some antibiotics. Doctors say MRSA is now the top cause of skin infections. These infections usually appear in the form of sores or boils and may look like a spider bite. MRSA ear, nose, and throat infections are also on the rise in elementary school children.]

el VSR, el virus sincicial respiratorio [Spain = sincitial] [Paramixovirus que se parece al virus de la influenza; es causa de una enfermedad respiratoria aguda epidémica más grave en niños, en los que produce bronconeumonía y bronquiolitis. En cultivo tisular el virus produce formación de sincitio. Diccionario de Medicina Dorland]

RSV [RSV stands for respiratory syncytial virus, and it's the top cause of bronchiolitis (inflammation of the small airways) and pneumonia in U.S. infants. The infection begins with flu-like symptoms, including a fever, runny nose, and cough. Up to 40% of young children with their first RSV infection will develop noticeable wheezing, and up to 2% will require hospitalization. RSV tends to be milder in older kids and adults.]

el síndrome de Reye [El síndrome de Reye, una enfermedad sumamente infrecuente pero grave que puede repercutir sobre el cerebro y el hígado, suele afectar a niños. Se caracteriza por encefalopatía no específica de progresión rápida,1​ con degeneración adiposa de las vísceras y alteración del metabolismo.]

Reye's syndrome [You've probably heard you should never give aspirin to children or teens. Reye's syndrome is the reason. This life-threatening condition may strike kids who take medications containing aspirin during a viral illness. Symptoms include dramatic behavior changes, seizures, and coma. Reye's syndrome has become very rare since the CDC warned against giving aspirin to children.]

escarlatina, la fiebre escarlata

Scarlet fever [Sometimes a rough, red rash accompanies strep throat. This is known as scarlet fever. The rash begins on the chest and abdomen and spreads all over the body, accompanied by a strawberry-looking tongue and high fever. Without treatment, any strep infection can lead to rheumatic fever and, in rare cases, heart damage. That's why scarlet fever was once a dreaded childhood illness. Today, it is easily cured with antibiotics.]

tiña podal, pie de atleta

athlete's foot [produced by ringworm fungus]

la varicela, la viruela (loca)

chickenpox [Once a very itchy rite of passage, chickenpox is now preventable through the varicella vaccine. The reasons for vaccination go beyond sparing your child the uncomfortable red blisters. Chickenpox can cause dangerous complications in newborns, adults, and pregnant women. Before the vaccine, chickenpox sent 11,000 Americans to the hospital every year.]

el resfriado

cold

el crup [laringotraqueobronquitis. Con tos perruna "barking cough"]

croup [(LTB) es una enfermedad viral. Hallmark is a tight cough that sounds like a barking seal. The cause of the cough is inflammation in the upper airways, usually due to a virus]

la diabetes

diabetes

la infección de oído o en el oído

ear infection [Young children are prone to ear infections because of their small auditory tubes. These tubes connect the ears to the throat, and they may get blocked when a cold causes inflammation. This traps fluid inside the middle ear, behind the eardrum, allowing germs to breed. The symptoms include fever, fussiness, and ear-pulling. Many ear infections are due to viruses and go away on their own. Childhood vaccinations help prevent infections from certain bacteria that can cause ear infections.]

la quinta enfermedad [se refiere a una enfermedad viral infecciosa de síntomas y signos leves que se presenta en niños, causada por el parvoviris humano B19]

fifth disease, slapped cheek disease [Often called "slapped cheek" disease, fifth disease causes a bright red rash on a child's face. A rash may also appear on the torso, arms, or legs. The culprit is human parvovirus B19, a virus that may cause mild cold-like symptoms before the rash is seen. Once the rash appears, the child is usually no longer contagious.]

la gripa

flu [Is it a cold or the flu? These illnesses can have similar symptoms. The flu more commonly causes high fever, chills, body aches, extreme fatigue, and nausea or vomiting. While most children get better on their own, the flu can lead to serious complications like pneumonia, especially in younger children. The CDC recommends an annual flu vaccination for anyone, including adults, older than 6 months.]

otitis media adhesiva (Diccionario crítico de dudas inglés español de medicina -Fernando Navarro)

glue ear [A buildup of fluid in the middle ear (either with or without any pain) is called otitis media with effusion, or OME. It often follows an acute ear infection or upper respiratory infection. The fluid usually clears up on its own within a couple weeks. However, if it lingers or is thick and glue-like ("Glue Ear"), it can interfere with a child's hearing. Ear tubes may be recommended to help the fluid drain.]

la fiebre aftosa

hand-foot-and-mouth disease

el impétigo

impetigo [Impetigo is another bacterial skin infection. It most commonly causes clusters of tiny blisters on the skin that ooze and form a golden crust. Touching the fluid can spread the infection to other parts of the body or other people. It is often caused by staph bacteria but also can be caused by strep bacteria. This type of impetigo is most common in kids ages 2 to 6. If treated with antibiotics, the sores usually heal without leaving scars.]

tenia (solitaria)

intestinal worms

tiña crural, tiña inguinal, hongos en la verija, dermatomicrosis crural

jock itch[produced by ringworm fungus]

el sarampión

measles [If your kids are up-to-date on their vaccines, you probably don't have to worry about measles. But the CDC has reported outbreaks among unvaccinated children. The infection starts with a fever, runny nose, and cough. As these symptoms fade, a full-body rash appears. Most kids get better in two weeks, but some develop pneumonia or other problems.]

la meningitis

meningitis [Meningitis is an inflammation or infection of the tissue around the brain and spinal cord. In teens and adults, the main symptoms are headache, fever, and stiff neck. Young children may have flu-like symptoms or extreme irritability. Viral meningitis is usually mild, but bacterial meningitis is more severe with serious consequences if it isn't treated quickly. Vaccines are available to prevent certain bacterial causes of meningitis.]

las paperas

mumps [Mumps is another childhood illness that was very common before a vaccine was developed. The infection often causes no symptoms, but when it does, the classic sign is swollen glands between the ear and jaw. This creates the appearance of "chipmunk cheeks." Despite high vaccination rates, recent outbreaks have infected thousands of people in the U.S. Unvaccinated individuals are 9 times more likely to catch mumps.]

la tos ferina

pertussis, whopping cough [causada por una bacteria, Bordetella pertussis] [Whooping cough makes children cough so hard, they run out of breath and inhale with a "whoop." The infection is most severe in infants and may require hospital treatment. The medical term for the disease is pertussis -- the "P" in the DTaP vaccine. Antibiotics are not especially helpful in treatment, so vaccination is essential for prevention. Adults need a booster, and pregnant women need a booster with every pregnancy.]

la conjuntivitis

pink eye, conjunctivitis

la tiña, una micosis o dermatofitosis, dermatofítide [infección de la piel causada por hongos], paño blanco Hn, hongos arg [Es una infección cutánea causada por un hongo y puede afectar a la piel en cualquier parte del cuerpo (tiña corporal), el cuero cabelludo (tiña de la cabeza), el área de la ingle (tiña crural, también llamada tiña inguinal) o los pies (tiña podal, también llamada pie de atleta).]

ringworm [Yet another skin infection, ringworm is actually caused by a fungus -- no worms involved. It causes a red, scaly ring on the skin or a round patch of hair loss on the scalp. The fungus spreads easily from child to child, so sharing combs, brushes, towels, and clothes should be avoided. Ringworm is treated with antifungal medication.]

el rotavirus

rotavirus [Before the introduction of an effective vaccine, rotavirus was the top cause of diarrhea-related deaths in young children. The main symptoms are vomiting and watery diarrhea, which can make babies become dehydrated very quickly. There are now two rotavirus vaccines for infants, and studies indicate a dramatic drop in the number of new cases.]

la rubéola

rubella, German measles [a mild virus that usually causes no serious problems. However, it can harm the fetus if a pregnant woman becomes infected. The symptoms are a low fever and rash that spreads from the face to the rest of the body. A standard childhood vaccine called MMR protects against measles, mumps, and rubella.]

fiebre del heno, alergia al polen, alergia estacional

seasonal allergies, hay fever [This is not an infection, but a reaction to microscopic particles like pollen (seen here in pink). Symptoms may include sneezing, watery eyes, and a runny or stuffy nose and may only occur in spring or fall. Kids may constantly rub their nose with the palm of the hand, a gesture called the allergic salute. There is no cure for hay fever, but there are ways to help control the symptoms.]

culebrilla

shingles

la viruela, la viruela negra

small pox

la garganta irritada, el dolor de la garganta

sore throat

la faringitis estreptocócica

strep throat [Most kids get a sore throat now and then, usually due to a cold virus. So how can you tell if it's caused by the strep bacteria? Sneezing or a runny nose point to a cold. Signs of strep include a sore throat that lasts more than a week, painful or difficult swallowing, excessive drooling, a rash, pus in the back of the throat, fever over 100.4 degrees, or contact with someone with strep throat. Strep throat is treated with antibiotics.]

los tétanos [pasmo = cramp, chill, shock, lockjaw, tetanus]

tetanus, lockjaw

la amigdalitis, las anginas [popular]

tonsilitis

la tuberculosis [la tisis, la consunción]

tuberculosis [consumption, dated]

la (fiebre) tifoidea

typhoid (fever)