Speech Answers

What does an ad hominem argument attempt to do?

Attack the person (i.e., speaker) rather than the issue at hand

A rhetorical question posed by the speaker seeks a direct response from the audience.

False

Demographics are the psychological characteristics of a given population.

False

Explaining to audience members what they have to gain by listening to you is not effective in motivating an audience to accept the goals of your speech.

False

Misinformation and disinformation are synonymous.

False

Studies show that speech organization does not affect audience perception of speaker credibility.

False

Supporting material drawn from secondary research can include any source developed directly by the participants involved.

False

The introduction of a speech should always be the longest part.

False

The thesis statement expresses the goal of the speech, whereas the specific purpose expresses the theme or central idea of the speech.

False

Speech conclusions fulfill which of the following functions?

Restating the speech purpose, summarizing the key points, challenging the audience to respond (all of the above)

The general purpose of a speech is:

To inform, to persuade or to entertain

A conclusion gives the speaker the opportunity to drive home his or her purpose and a final chance to reinforce the main points of the speech.

True

A speaker might reply on some of the same devices for making a conclusion memorable as they would for gaining attention in the introduction.

True

Active listening includes listening for main ideas and watching got the speaker's nonverbal cues.

True

An audience that holds negative attitudes toward the speaker will tend to disregard even the most important or interesting message.

True

Brainstorming is a problem-solving technique involving the spontaneous generation of ideas.

True

Central to conducting ethical research is properly citing sources.

True

Encoding is the process of organizing message, choosing words and sentence structure, and verbalizing the message.

True

In evaluating facts and statistics as supporting material for a speech, it is important to determine if the source is credible.

True

It is a good idea for speakers to prepare a hard-copy backup of an electronic presentation.

True

Lay testimony is testimony by non-experts.

True

Nonverbal responses can be viewed by the speaker as feedback from the audience.

True

Research indicates that people remember about 20 percent of what they hear but more than 50 percent of what they see and hear.

True

Statistical relationships can be communicated more efficiently and effectively through graphs and charts than through verbal description.

True

The first challenge a speaker faces in developing an introduction is to win the audience's attention.

True

The full-sentence outline restricts eye contact with the audience.

True

The key to the successful delivery of a speech is practice.

True

Topics that involve timelines or a series of sequential steps require the chronological pattern of arrangement.

True

Two types of primary research are interviews and surveys.

True

Visualizing success may help the speaker reduce nervousness.

True

Words, phrases, or sentences that tie the speech ideas together and enable the speaker to move smoothly from one point to the next are called transitions.

True

According to most research on effective listening, approximately how much of what we hear will most listeners forget after 48 hours?

We will forget roughly 25 percent of what we hear.

What are "boolean operators?"

Words used in search engines to limit or delimit research

The key to a productive search in online depends on:

a well-prepared research strategy, an understanding of information available on the internet, a basic grasp of how to use online search tools (all of the above)

Brief stories of interesting humorous, or real-life incidents are called

anecdotes

A speech introduction is designed to:

arouse the audience's attention and motivate the audience to accept the speaker's goals.

Monroe's Motivated Sequence

attention, need, satisfaction, visualization, and action

In her speech about divorce rates, Geneva wanted to show a comparison of divorce rates among three states. in order to best illustrate these comparisons, Geneva used a

bar graph

In his persuasive speech about why people should buy used instead of new autos, Maverick provided the audience with convincing information due to his knowledge and experience as a used-car salesperson. Maverick employed which type of appeal?

ethos

According to Aristotle, rhetorical proof consists of logos, ethos, and mythos.

false

Delivering a speech without prior preparation is called speaking extemporaneously.

false

Limiting the number of words in a presentation aid increases the likelihood that the audience will spend too much time reading the aid rather than listening to the speaker.

false

Since few contemporary audiences are culturally diverse, a speaker need not be aware of or sensitive to cultural variations in language.

false

The goal of informative speaking is to persuade or convince an audience.

false

The informative speech seeks to advocate, whereas the persuasive speech seeks to educate.

false

The problem-solution pattern does not, in fact, always require the presentation of a solution.

false

To show respect for their listeners, speakers should promote in-group and out-group distinctions.

false

When a speaker is alert to the audience's ________, he or she can respond to it and make the audience feel respected and recognized.

feedback

Socioeconomic status includes

income, occupation, and education

Which of the following are types of primary research?

interviews and personal relationships

The canons of rhetoric are a classical approach to speechmaking in which the speaker divides a speech into 5 parts:

invention, arrangement, style, memory, and delivery

Speaking from a manuscript

is useful when precise messages are required

What is the term used to identify any physical, psychological or environmental interference that disrupts the effective flow of communication?

noise

Buck gave a persuasive speech about why people should assist the homeless in his city in order to prevent crime. According to Maslow, this speech appealed to which basic need?

safety

Which step in Monroe's motivated sequence pattern identifies the proposed solution?

satisfaction

The background color of a presentation aid

should be neutral in color

A speech topic is considered unethical if the topic

shows an audience how to perform illegal actions, provides information that may physically or psychology harm them, is humiliating or degrading to the audience (all of the above)

To explain the physical arrangement of a place, a scene, or an object, a speaker should use which pattern of arrangement?

spatial

Facts, statistics, testimonies, and narratives are all examples of

supporting material

The credibility of testimony can be evaluated by checking

the reliability of a source, the timeliness of the information (A and B)

The proper volume for delivering a speech depends on which of the following factors?

the size of the room and number of persons in the audience, the availability of a microphone background noise (all of the above)

When narrowing a topic, the speaker should consider the

time limit for speaking, speech purpose, amount of time available for research (all of the above)

A claim declares some state of affairs and is often presented as a thesis statement.

true

A speaker should always reveal the speech purpose to the audience.

true

According to one study, listeners may derive only seven percent of a message's meaning from the words a speaker uses.

true

Acknowledging your sources is one way of conveying trustworthiness.

true

Coughing and excessive shifting around by the audience may indicate difficulty in hearing and flagging interest in a speech.

true

For on-screen projection, a speaker should not use a font smaller than 18-point text.

true

Selecting an appropriate organizational pattern aids audience comprehension of a speech.

true

Speakers who lack enthusiasm often lose their audience's attention.

true

Strong ethos is established when the audience believes that we are speaking with their best interests in mind.

true

The persuader who seeks only minor changes is usually more successful than the speaker who seeks major change.

true

When there is no variety in pitch, speaking becomes monotonous.

true

The selective nature of listening means:

we pay attention to what we hold as important, information that touches our experiences and backgrounds, filter out what we already know (all of the above)