Speech Exam 1

Group socialization refers to the process of teaching and learning the norms, rules, and expectations associated with group interaction and group member behaviors

Group socialization

Group of people discusses a topic in the presence of an audience panel discussions do not feature formally prepared speeches.

Panel Discussion

Group members feel better when they feel included in discussion and a part of the functioning of the group.

Participation

Digital audio recording of a presentation captured and stored in a form that is accessible via the web or an app

Podcast

can be a object model picture graph chart table audio or multimedia

Presentation aid

oral presentations delivered by individuals or teams addressing people in the classroom, workplace, or other group settings

Presentational speaking

Procedural conflict emerges from disagreements or trouble with the mechanics of group operations

Procedural conflict

stage of group development occurs when a group dissolves because it has completed its purpose or goal, membership is declining and support for the group no longer exists

adjourning

social identities

are the components of self that are derived from involvement in social groups with which we are interpersonally committed.

communication such as email in which the message and the response do not occur at the same time

asynchronous communication

focuses on audience needs offers an excellent means of appealing to buyer psychology. To use it to organize a sales proposal

basic sales technique

Personal identities

include the components of self that are primarily interpersonal and connected to our life experiences

meaning they share a common purpose and a common fate.

interdependence

characterized by less frequent face-to-face interactions, less emotional and relational communication, and more task-related communication than primary groups

secondary groups

use no more than six words in a line and six slides on one slide

six by six rule

Group members may take advantage of the anonymity of a group and engage in social loafing, meaning they contribute less to the group than other members or than they would if working alone

social loafing

stating authority, credibility on a certain topic to support your argument. Listeners gernerally assume that a public speaker has more expertise or firsthand knowledge than they do on a topic.

speaker expertise

During the storming stage of group development, conflict emerges as people begin to perform their various roles, have their ideas heard, and negotiate where they fit in the group's structure.

storming

communication that occurs in real time

synchronous communication

the basic design of a character

typeface

Meeting or conference at which serveral speakers deliver prepared remarks on different aspects of the same topic. Symposia provide audiences with in depth and varied perspectives on a topic.

A symposium

Advantages of small groups include shared decision making, shared resources, synergy, and exposure to diversity. It is within small groups that most of the decisions that guide our country, introduce local laws, and influence our family interactions are made. In a democratic society, participation in decision making is a key part of citizenship.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Small Groups

put individual needs above group needs and include blocker, avoider, recognition seeker, distractor, and troll. "floor hogger", "blocker", "recognition seeker" do not further the groups goals and should be avoided

Antigroup roles

characteristics of the receiver that influence the effectiveness of a communication PAGE 222

Audience factors

Visually organizes complex info into compact form

Chart

Group members like to know how status and hierarchy operate within a group. Knowing the roles isn't enough to lead to satisfaction, though—members must also be comfortable with and accept those roles.

Clear and accepted roles

tells why your viewpoint is superior to other viewpoints on the issue

Comparative advantage pattern

influences audience expectations and their responses. Speaking is less formal than public speaking page 222

Degree of formality

explains how something works or is constructed or operated

Diagram

Aside from individual participation, group members also like to feel as if participation is managed equally within the group and that appropriate turn taking is used.

Equity

Positive, constructive, and relevant feedback contribute to group climate

Feedback

Simply a large pad of paper on which you can write or draw

Flip Chart

diagrams the progressions of a process or relationship helping viewers vizualize a swquence or directional flow

Flowchart

Assembly for the discussion of issues of public interest. Public forums often are convented to help policy makers and voters alive deliverte about key policy issues.

Forum

Group climate refers to the relatively enduring tone and quality of group interaction that is experienced similarly by group members. To better understand cohesion and climate, we can examine two types of cohesion: task and social.

Group climate

Group cohesion refers to the commitment of members to the purpose of the group and the degree of attraction among individuals within the group

Group cohesion

Groupthink is a negative group phenomenon characterized by a lack of critical evaluation of proposed ideas or courses of action that results from high levels of cohesion and/or high conformity pressures

Groupthink

the tendency of group members to conform, resulting in a narrow view of some issue.

Groupthink

converys info that either is impractical to give to the audience in another manner or is intended to be kept by audience member's.

Handout

Interpersonal conflict emerges from conflict between individual members of the group. Whereas procedural conflict deals with how and substantive conflict deals with what, interpersonal conflict deals with who

Interpersonal conflict

Confirming messages help build relational dimensions within a group, and clear, organized, and relevant messages help build task dimensions within a group.

Messages

a model is a three dimensional scale size representation of an object

Model

Directs a discussion, skilled chairperson moderator beings by describing the purpose of the panel and introducing panel members then lanches the discussion by directing a question to one or more participants

Moderator

Member motivation is activated by perceived connection to and relevance of the group's goals or purpose.

Motivation

Most people process info best when it is presented both with words and graphics

Multimedia

Require the same basic elements of planning and delivery as in-person presentations. As in traditional public speaking an online speaker will select among the three general speech purposes of informing persuading or making a special occasion.

Online Presentations

updates clients or principals on developments in an ongoing project. Similar to staff report with the exception that the audience can include people outside the organization as well as within.

Progress report

recommends a product procedure or policy to a client or company. Organizations must constantly make decisions such as whether to swtich to a new health plan or implement a new employee grivence pro PAGE 223

Proposal

connect the presenter and audience in live or synchronous communication.

Real time presenations

transmission and reception occur at different times in asynchronous communication

Recorded presentation

are formed to promote interpersonal connections and are more focused on quality interactions that contribute to the well-being of group members

Relational-oriented groups

Systematic and objective description of facts and observations related to business or professional interests

Report

Attempts to lead a potential buyer to make a purchase

Sale proposal / Sales Pitch

Secondary tension emerges after groups have passed the forming stage of group development and begin to have conflict over member roles, differing ideas, and personality conflicts.

Secondary tension

Groups may have official charters or mission and vision statements that lay out the identity of a group

Shared Identity

teams that have

Small Groups

- refers to interactions among three or more people who are connected through a common purpose, mutual influence, and a shared identity - small groups usually focus on some sort of task completion or goal accomplishment.

Small group communication

Social cohesion refers to the attraction and liking among group members. Ideally, groups would have an appropriate balance between these two types of cohesion relative to the group's purpose, with task-oriented groups having higher task cohesion and relational-oriented groups having higher social cohesion.

Social cohesion

informs managers and other employees of new developments that affect them and their work

Staff report

Substantive conflict focuses on group members' differing beliefs, attitudes, values, or ideas related to the purpose or task of the group

Substantive conflict

refers to the sense of community or group consciousness that develops in a group through non-task-related communication such as stories and jokes

Symbolic convergence

refers to the potential for gains in performance or heightened quality of interactions when complementary members or member characteristics are added to existing ones

Synergy

A table systematicallygroups data in column form

Table

Task cohesion refers to the commitment of group members to the purpose and activities of the group

Task cohesion

are formed to solve a problem, promote a cause, or generate ideas or information

Task-oriented groups

Teams are task-oriented groups in which members are especially loyal and dedicated to the task and other group members

Teams

incorporate video clips into an online presentation

Video capture software

Virtual groups take advantage of new technologies and meet exclusively or primarily online to achieve their purpose or goal.

Virtual groups

A podcast containing video

Vodcast

real-time seminars, meetings, training sessions, or other presentations that connect presenters and audiences from their computers or mobile devices

Webinars

During the forming stage, group members begin to reduce uncertainty associated with new relationships and/or new tasks through initial interactions that lay the foundation for later group dynamics

forming

are verbalized references to events outside the "here and now" of the group, including references to the group's past, predictions for the future

group fantasies

During the norming stage of group development, the practices and expectations of the group are solidified, which leads to more stability, productivity, and cohesion within the group.

norming

During the performing stage of group development, group members work relatively smoothly toward the completion of a task or achievement of a purpose.

performing

Our family and friends are considered primary groups, or long-lasting groups that are formed based on relationships and include significant others.

primary groups

When the group first comes together, members experience primary tension, which is tension based on uncertainty that is a natural part of initial interactions.

primary tension

problem that needs to be addressed, explains the cause of the problem, presents a solution that can minimize the problem. Effective when selling to a buyer who needs a product o solve a problem

problem cause solution pattern

A prop can be any object inanimate or even live that helps demonastrate the speakers points

prop