Spine and Thorax Study Guide MC

What could you ask your partner to do so you can differentiate between the quadratus lumborum and the erector spinae? "twist to the right" "arch your back" "hike up your hip" "do an abdominal crunch"

"hike up your hip"

How many ribs do we have on each side of the body? 8 10 12 14

12

How many vertebrae form the vertebral column? 16 18 22 24

24

How many "true ribs" do we have on each side of the body? 5 7 8 12

7

The twelfth rib is often horizontal to the level of which vertebra? T-2 T-7 T-12 L-1

T-12

Which is the insertion of the transverse abdominis? superior tamus of the pubis abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba fascia of rectus abdominis pubic symphysis

abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba

Which is a part of the insertion of the external oblique? anterior part of the iliac crest anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS) pubic crest

anterior part of the iliac crest

When accessing the diaphragm, when is it best to curl your fingers further underneath the rib cage? as your partner inhales with your partner in a prone position when your partner does a small sit-up as your partner exhales

as your partner exhales

Which is the insertion of the rectus abdominis? cartilage of 9th - 12th ribs xiphoid process and sternum cartilage of fifth, sixth and seventh ribs and xiphoid process sternum

cartilage of fifth, sixth and seventh ribs and xiphoid process

Which is the insertion of the diaphragm? manubrium sternum costal cartilage central tendon

central tendon

Which of the following is an action of the transverse abdominis? flex the vertebral column compress abdominal contents laterally flex the vertebral column rotate the vertebral column to the same side

compress abdominal contents

A hiccup is caused by involuntary contraction of which muscle? transverse abcominis external oblique diaphragm retus abdominis

diaphragm

Which is the primary muscle of respiration? diaphragm intercostals transverse abdominis internal oblique

diaphragm

As you palpate medially toward the vertebral column, you may lose contact with the twelfth rib because it is deep to which muscles? rotatores erector spinae trapezius multifidi

erector spinae

Which of the following is an action of the rectus abdominis? flex the vertebral column laterally flex the vertebral column tilt pelvis anteriorly elevate the hip

flex the vertebral column

Which is a part of the origin of the internal oblique? posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) bottom edge of rib cage anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) iliac crest

iliac crest

During what activity is the diaphragm's central tendon pulled inferiorly? exhalation rotation inhalation digestion

inhalation

Which muscles are located directly between the ribs? transversospinalis erector spinae intercostals abdominals

intercostals

Which edge of the quadratus lumborum is most accessible? posterior lateral inferior superior

lateral

Which of the following is an action of the iliocostalis? rotate vertebral column to the opposite side flex the vertebral column laterally flex vertebral column to the same side rotate vertebral column to the same side

laterally flex vertebral column to the same side

Which of the muscles in the erector spinae group have an attachment on the skull? iliocostalis longissimus spinalis non of them attach to the skull

longissimus

Which is a part of the insertion of the splenius capitis? spinous processes of upper cervicals mastoid process transverse processes of upper cervicals external occipital protuberance

mastoid process

Which are the only muscles with fibers that lie across the posterior surface of the sacrum? quadratus lumborum multifidi spinalis rotatores

multifidi

The rotatores span between how many vertebrae? only three one to two two to four only two

one to two

Which abdominal muscle creates the "washboard" look? rectus abdominis external oblique internal oblique transverse abdominis

rectus abdominis

Which of the following is an action of the rotatores? flex the vertebral column rotate the vertebral column to the opposite side rotate the vertebral column to the same side laterally flex the vertebral column to the opposite side

rotate the vertebral column to the opposite side

Which of the following is an action of the external oblique? rotate vertebral column to the same side rotate vertebral column to the opposite side laterally flex vertebral column to the opposite side elevate the hip

rotate vertebral column to the opposite side

Which of the following is an action of the internal oblique? extend vertebral column rotate vertebral column to the opposite side rotate vertebral column to the same side laterally flex vertebral column to the opposite side

rotate vertebral column to the same side

Which is the origin of the multifidi? posterior iliac crest, transverse processes of lumbar through cervical vertebrae sacrum and transverse processes of lumbar through thoracic vertebrae posterior iliac crest and spinous processes of all vertebrae sacrum and transverse processes of lumbar through cervical vertebrae

sacrum and transverse processes of lumbar through cervical vertebrae

Which primarily deep muscle can be accessed in the cervical region where it is superficial between the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid? splenius cervicis semispinalis capitis splenius capitis longissimus

splenius capitis

Which abdominal muscle plays a major role in forced exhalation? rectus abdominis external oblique internal oblique transverse abdominis

transverse abdominis

Which factor might have an effect on the position of the scapula? a contracted pectoralis minor a weak serratus anterior an individual's body type all of the above

all of the above

Which section of the vertebral column is a capable of the most movement? cervical thoracic lumbar sacrum

cervical

What is the structure that extends off the ribs and attaches to the sternum manubrium costal cartilage xiphoid process "false ribs"

costal cartilage

In contrast to the erector spinae group, the fibers of the transversospinalis group run in which direction? vertical diagonal horizontal transverse

diagonal

Which of the following is an action of the multifidi? laterally flex the vertebral column to the opposite side extend the vertebral column rotate the vertebral column to the same side flex the vertebral column

extend the vertebral column

Which of the following is an action of the spinalis? elevate the thoracic cavity flex the vertebral column extend the vertebral column stabilize the pelvis

extend the vertebral column

You are palpating lateral to the edge of rectus abdominis and the fibers you feel are superficial and running at an angle. Which muscle is this? transverse abdominis external oblique diaphragm internal oblique

external oblique

Which of the following is an action of the diaphragm? decrease the volume of thoracic cavity increase the volume of thoracic cavity compress the lung tissue elevate rib cage

increase the volume of thoracic cavity

Which is the origin of the splenius capitits? transverse processes of upper thoracic vertebrae and spinous processes of C-7 to T-4 spinous processes of upper thoracic vertebrae lamina groove of upper thoracic vertebrae inferior one-half of ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of C-7 to T-4

inferior one-half of ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of C-7 to T-4

Which is a part of the origin of the diaphragm? inner surfaces of lower six ribs outer surfaces of lower six ribs anterior surfaces of upper thoracic vertebrae posterior iliac crest

inner surfaces of lower six ribs

Which is a part of the origin of the transverse abdominis? internal surface of lower six ribs external surface of lower eight ribs superior ramus of the pubis costal cartilage of lower eight ribs

internal surface of lower six ribs

Which is a part of the insertion of the internal oblique? external surface of lower five ribs xiphoid process and costal cartilage fascia of rectus abdominis internal surface of lower three ribs

internal surface of lower three ribs

What is the trough-like space between the spinous and transverse processes of the vertebrae? transverse foramen lamina groove vertebral foramen superior facet

lamina groove

As a group, the transversospinalis muscles can be most easily located in which area? posterior sacrum lamina groove of cervical vertebrae along the superior nuchal line lamina groove of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae

lamina groove of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae

Which is the insertion of the quadratus lumborum? transverse processes of 2nd-4th lumbar vertebrae last rib, transverse processes of 1st-4th lumbar vertebrae spinous processes of 1st- 4th lumbar vertebrae last rib, spinous processes of 1st-4th lumbar vertebrae

last rib, transverse processes of 1st-4th lumbar vertebrae

Which of the following is an action of the longissimus? depress the thoracic cavity rotate vertebral column to the same side laterally flex vertebral column to the same side flex the vertebral column

laterally flex vertebral column to the same side

Which of the following is an action of the quadratus lumborum? laterally tilt the pelvis laterally flex the vertebral column to the opposite side flex the vertebral column elevate the lower seven ribs during inhalation

laterally tilt the pelvis

Which portion of the spine is designed to support the weight of the upper body? cervical thoracic lumbar coccyx

lumbar

Which of the following is a part of the insertion of the longissimus? spinous processes of cervical vertebrae mastoid process of temporal bone posterior surfaces of ribs 1-12 spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae

mastoid process of temporal bone

Which is the origin of the quadratus lumborum? spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae eleventh rib posterior iliac crest anterior iliac crest

posterior iliac crest

Which of the following is a part of the origin of the iliocostalis? spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae posterior surfaces of ribs 1-12 transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae posterior surfaces of ribs 3-9

posterior surfaces of ribs 1-12

Which is the origin of the rectus abdominis? anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) pubic line of pelvis superior ramus of the ischium pubic crest, pubic symphysis

pubic crest, pubic symphysis

Which of the following is actually an abdominal muscle located on the posterior side of the thorax? transverse abdominis latissimus dorsi iliocostalis quadratus lumborum

quadratus lumborum

Which abdominal muscle runs vertically from the rib cage to the pubic crest? rectus abdominis external oblique internal oblique transverse abdominis

rectus abdominis

Which of the following is an action of the splenius capitis? elevate upper ribs rotate head and neck to same side rotate head and neck to opposite side flex the head and neck

rotate head and neck to same side

Which of the following is a part of the insertion of the spinalis? spinous processes of cervicals, except C-1 transverse processes of cervicals, except C-1 spinous processes of all cervical vertebrae transverse processes of all cervical vertebrae

spinous processes of cervicals, except C-1

Which is the insertion of the multifidi and rotatores? transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae lamina groove of lumbar vertebrae through second cervical vertebra spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae through cervical vertebrae spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae through second cervical vertebra

spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae through second cervical vertebra

Which of the following is a part of the origin of the spinalis? posterior surface of ribs 1-10 transverse processes of the upper lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae spinous processes of the upper lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae posterior surface of ribs 4-12

spinous processes of the upper lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae

Which vertebrae can be located at the base of the neck? C-4 C-7 T-2 T-4

C-7

Which section of the vertebral column is comprised of 12 vertebrae? cervical thoracic lumbar coccyx

thoracic

Which bony landmark is often horizontal to the level of the spinous process of L-4? inferior angle of the scapula twelfth rib PSIS top of the iliac crest

top of the iliac crest

Which of the following is a part of the insertion of the iliocostalis? transverse processes of lower cervicals ligamentum nuchae spinous processes of cervical vertebrae spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae

transverse processes of lower cervicals

Which of the following is a part of the origin of the longissimus? transverse processes of upper five thoracic vertebrae posterior surfaces of ribs 1-12 posterior surfaces of ribs 3-9 spinous processes of upper five thoracic vertebrae

transverse processes of upper five thoracic vertebrae

When exploring between the scapulae, through which muscle tissue must you palpate to access the erector spinae fibers? trapezius and rhomboids latissimus dorsi serratus anterior and posterior rotatores and multifidi

trapezius and rhomboids