Sports Medicine Team Test

Legal

-Ethics: morals- a set of principles or values that influence behavior. -Actions can be unethical but still be legal. -Have a written code of conduct/ethics. -Athletic Trainer's first duty its o act as an athlete's advocate- act in their best interest. -Accident: unfortunate incident that happens unexpectedly and unintentionally resulting in damage. -Injury: harm or damage has occurred. -Catastrophe: sudden great damage or suffering.

Athletic Training

-Focus on the care and prevention of athletic injuries -First to arrive and last to leave -Responsible for making sure the athlete receives the care they need to perform their best -Evaluate, determine need, some rehabilitation

Record Keeping

-Important to protect from legal action and assessment, profession, rehabilitation references -Always obtain, record, and maintain documentation -physicals -injury assessment -treatment logs (daily sign-in) -waivers/consent- release school from liability -insurance documents S- subjective (what they say- ask questions) O- objective (what you see- observation) A- assessment (special tests, ROM, strength, SCAT- hands on) P- plan (what happens next- treatment and assumption) H- history (what hopped- past relevant information- ask questions) O- observation (what you see) P- palpation (feeling of injured area for issues) S- stress test (special tests. ROM, strength)

Workplace Issues

-Miscommunication: athletes to AT- AT to coach- player to coach- doctor to AT -Drama: disrespectful- gossip- student AT to student AT- power struggle between coach and AT- parents and AT/coach- parents and administration -Different opinions: tension -Level of Education: AT to AT- doctor to anyone -Doing something outside scope of practice -Weather: coaches refuse to stop -Quality/Quantity of equipment: lack of resources- favoritism with use- parent/coach/athlete mad -Efficiency: lazy workers- not doing job -Discrimination: against females

Sports Medicine

-Prevention, evaluation, treatment, and rehabilitation of injuries to athletes and the active population -Team (different professionals working together) Doctors, Athletic Trainers, EMT, Physical Therapists, Nurses, Coaches, Parents -Each person brings a different set of skills

8 Competencies

1. Evidence based practice 2. Prevent and Health Promotion 3. Clinical Examination and Diagnosis 4. Acute Care of Injuries and Illness 5. Therapeutic Interventions 6. Psychosociaal Strategies and Referral 7. Healthcare Administration 8. Professional Development and Responsible

5 Domains of Athletic Training

1. Prevention 2. Recognition, Evaluation, and Immediate Care 3. Rehabilitation and Recognition 4. Healthcare Administration 5. Professional Development and Responsibility 6. Competencies

1900-1924

1903- Electrocardiogram was made (600lb; 5 operators) 1904 - Germany developed the term "sports physician" 1910- first laparoscopy was performed (used cocaine as anesthetic) 1912- First sport physical 1913- First Sports Medicine Physician and lab 1914- First Physical Therapy School 1916- leather football helmets made with ventilation holes in top 1920- Physical Therapist begin working with other medical professionals 1920- Medical Examinations required for sports 1921- American Physical Therapy Advancement formed 1924- First team physician assigned to US Olympic team

1925-1950

1925- Technology (x-ray, labs, operating rooms, aseptic surgery) developed 1927- Dietary analysis of athletes and working population 1937- First blood bank 1938- Formation of NATA (ended due to WWII) 1950- First use of performance enhancers in Olympic athletes 1950- NATA was reestablished - First meeting in Kansas City

1951-1974

1954- ACSM established 1957- NATA and NCAA 1970- 1st NATA certification exam 1972- 1st graduate AT curriculum was approved 1972- AOSSM first meeting 1972- American Journal of Sports Medicine Published 1972- 1st female AT 1973- AOSSM held first annual meeting

1975-2000

1975- ACSM released guidelines for exercise testing and prescription 1980- USTA Sport Medicine Committee founded 1982- first vaccine for Hepatitis B- first heart implantation 1983- HIV virus identified 1985- first documented robotic surgery 1986- Sports Medicine Committee name change 1991- AT recognized as Allied Health 1998- American Medical Association requires each high school to employ ATs

2001-2019

2007- STOP organization focused on Youth Overuse Injuries 2011- NCAA created bat-ball restitution 2012- plasma injections for knee arthritis is beneficial 2013- NCAA created new targeting penalty for football 2014- concussion treatment/prevention/diagnoses advancement/ musculoskeletal ultrasound 2015- more biologic joint reconstruction - TKA implants 2017- injury prevention(sensors) and communication improvement

Coach

A coach has many responsibilities on the field when it comes to sports medicine such as identifying each player's strengths and weaknesses, and teaching them relevant skills and techniques to improve their play and not get injured. The coach is also most of the time the first one to notice when a player is not 100% because he is with the athlete everyday and can notice those little things. Coaches are also responsible for making sure the players are eating right and staying hydrated because without proper nutrition an athlete could fall out at any time on a hot day. A coach's work is not just on the field, but they also help the athletes off the field because sometimes the coach is the players mentor.

Nutritionist

A nutritionist is an individual who advices on nutrition and the effect it has on one's body. They work with their clients to plan a diet according to their wants and needs. With a sports team, a nutritionists would sit one-on-one with each player to examine their nutritional deficiencies and how they could possibly fix them. By working with sports teams, nutritionists better players endurance, strength, speed, and overall health through nutrition. This, in turn, creates a better performance exhibited by the player themself.

Paramedics/EMS

A paramedic is a person trained to give emergency medical care to people who are seriously ill or injured with the purpose of stabilizing them before they are taken to the hospital. The paramedics would be apart of the team if an athlete was injured during a sports event and need immediate transport to a hospital like if the athlete has a serious compound fracture. The paramedics can also if needed administer pain relievers through an IV to help the athlete.

Personal Trainer

A personal trainer is an individual who is responsible for overseeing an athlete or another individual's fitness program in a fitness facility or private setting. Personal trainers want to help people maintain a healthy lifestyle by showing them specific exercises and helping them achieve their fitness goal. Personal trainers play an important role as a part of the SM team because they allow each individual to stay healthy and fit to prevent them from getting injured. Staying fit and healthy is a key element in injury prevention especially when playing sports.

Physical Therapist

A physical therapist is a medical profession that helps patients who have health conditions that limit their ability to move and perform in everyday activities or athletic events. Physical therapists help their patients physical mobility and help improve their life conditions. If the athlete has a serious injury that could potentially require surgery then a Physical Therapist would come into play. The athlete would go see the physical therapist to retain mobility in what is hurt. The physical therapist sets goals for the athlete to help them work out and stretch whatever is injured. A big part of the their job is to help keep the patient motivated and pushing them to get back healthy as soon as possible.

Plastic Surgeon

A plastic surgeon is someone who performs surgery to reconstruct and repair injured parts of the body by transferring tissues. Most of the time the goal is to fix the problem while leaving minimal scarring and allowing the body to look the same as it did prior to the injury. The role of the plastic surgeon on the sports medicine team would be if the athlete was injured and broke their nose or cheek bones (malar bone), for example, the plastic surgeon would reconstruct it and try to make it look normal again.

Strength and Conditioning Specialist

A strength and conditioning specialist is responsible for improving athletic performance (speed, strength, and power) and developing training programs for the team and the individual players, with the help of the coach. They teach proper workout techniques and supervise and assess the players before and after workouts. They also have the goal of preventing injuries by strengthening parts that are prone to injury in a certain sport.

Athletic Training Student

A student athletic trainer assist the certified athletic trainer in all aspects of training to provide care, treatment, and rehabilitation to any athletic injuries. The students play role in taping, providing first-aid, stretching, injury evaluation, and administering treatments. They also are able to address non- sports related health issues and treat those who aren't athletes. They mostly work on the field, court, and around the school.

Teacher

A teacher's role in the sports medicine team could be to always supervise the class to make sure all students are safe by having background knowledge on any type of emergency procedure or illness. If any medical issue arises the teacher should get help immediately and stay with the student until help arrives like if a student happened to get an ankle sprain in class the teacher would not allow them to walk around but sit in a chair and elevate the foot if possible until a trainer or another administrator arrives to contact their parents and let the students if they have one coach know of what had happened.

Sports Medicine Professional Organizations

AAPSM (American Academy of Pediatric Sports Medicine): to investigate problems of biological nature that will result in better understanding of pediatric sports medic- ankle and foot. ACSM (American College of Sports Medicine): promotes and integrates scientific research education and practical applications of sports medicine and exercise science to maintain and enhance physical performance, fitnesses health, and quality of life. ACE (American Council of Exercise): believe movement is at the core of what it means to feel healthy, to feel alive, and to engage in the human experience. AMA (American medical Association): promotes the art and science of medicine and the betterment of public health. IFSM (International Federation of Sports Medicine): promote the study and development of sports medicine through the work to protect the physical and mental health and ensure the wellbeing of all who are engaged in sports and to assist athletes in achieving optimal performance by maximizing their genetic potential, health, nutrition and (access to) high-quality care and training. NASM (National Academy of Sports Medicine): offers a certified personal training program. ASMI (American Sports Medicine Institute): to improve the understanding, prevention, and treatment of sports-related injuries through research and education.

Athletic Training Professional Organizations

AMAA (American Association of Medical Science): to prove the medical assistant professional with education, certification, credential acknowledgment, networking opportunities, scope-of-practice protection and advocacy fir quality patient-centered health care NATA (National Athletic Training Association): the professional membership association for certified athletic trainers and others who support the athletic training profession. CAATE (Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education): develop, maintain, and promotes appropriate minimum education standards for quality, post-professional, and residency athletic training. BOC (Board of Certification): provide a certification program for the entry level athletic training profession. WFATT (World Federation of Athletic Training and Therapy): provide leadership to advance the international interests of its members for the common goal of optimal health care for physically active populations. CATA NATAREF (National Athletic Trainers Association): research and education foundation for NATA.

Athlete

An athlete is a person who is proficient in sports and other forms of physical exercise. The athlete is responsible for carrying out the wishes from the team physician (responsible for diagnosing the athlete's condition and prescribing the treatment of care needed to facilitate his/her recovery), athletic trainer (prevention, management, treatment and rehabilitation of athletic injuries), physical therapist (in charge of conducting the rehabilitation of the athlete who has had a more serious injury or surgery and has lost practice time), coach (The coach is responsible for coaching the team. He/she is responsible for carrying out the suggestions and prescriptions of the physician,trainer and therapist), student trainer (student trainer is responsible for assisting the head trainer in his/her duties. Students may not evaluate injuries or determine whether an athlete may return to participation), and their parents.

Athletic Trainer

An athletic trainer is a healthcare professional who specializes in preventing, recognizing, managing, and rehabilitating injuries that result from physical activity. The Athletic Trainer is responsible for: Working with coaches, athletes, and medical professionals to evaluate the player's condition. Creating exercise and nutrition plans.Speaking to coaches, family members, and athletes to set health and fitness goals.Designing training and rehabilitation programs for athletes.Using knowledge of sports-related injuries to diagnose and treat athletes.Referring athletes to another doctor or other medical staff members. Assisting and monitoring injured players as they heal and progress towards recovery. Maintaining records relating to athlete condition and training, diet, and treatment plans.Handling clerical tasks, such as maintaining inventory, assisting with budgets, or restocking supplies.

Chiropractor

Chiropractors care for patients neuromusculoskeletal system health problems. This includes nerves, muscles, ligaments, and tendons. Chiropractors use techniques such as massage therapy, rehabilitative exercises, spine adjustments and spine manipulations. Some chiropractors focus on the study of sports, neurology, orthopedics, pediatrics, or nutrition. The role of a chiropractor on the sports medicine team would be if an athlete or person is injured in the back/neck region of the body and is in need of rehabilitation. The chiropractor would not be at the scene of injury, but the patient would visit the chiropractor after being seen by a physician and/or diagnosed and is searching for treatment.

Massage Therapist

Massage therapists relieve pain, reduce stress, and unwind tight muscles. There are many sections they can specialize in, including sports massages. In sports medicine the therapists give massages to help loosen the players up before or after a game. They can travel with the teams they work for or have their own facility where they work and can give massages to people not on their team. They also help with rehabilitation after a severe injury.

Administration

The administrators must deal with all team members creating a system that allows them to all work together to get their individual jobs done. Athletic administrators such as principals and athletic directors have the active role of supporting their athletic trainers and coaches in professional development. They must make sure that all members are properly trained in areas such as CPR, concussion education, coaching certification, emergency action plans, etc. It is also their jobs to supervise events and assist when needed, making sure all equipment and necessities are provided and present. Additionally dealing with all legal and ethical issues (thus trained in this area).

Parent

The parents or legal guardian of the athlete are very important to the Sports Medicine team. They should be treated with respect and dignity at all times. When an athlete is injured, they should be the first to be contacted by the coach or administration so they can meet their child at the health care facility. Their role in the team itself is to keep up with the athlete and their injury and insure that they are being taken care of and heal properly.

Team Physician

The team physician should have an unrestricted medical license. The license allows them to do anything that is in his or her scope of practice. This means that they must be trained and knowledgeable of what they are doing. They must also be a Doctor of Medicine or a Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine. The Team Physician is responsible for treating and coordinating the medical care of the athletic team. They would also supervise and advise the athletic trainers on his or her team. The physician would attend games and or practices, conduct physical exams, compile medical history, diagnose injuries, decide if an athlete is able to play or not, and work together with other team members in different ways.

Malpractice

professional misconduct or lack of professional skill that results in injury to a patient; negligence by a professional, such as physical nurse, certified athletic training; or coach.

Misfeasance

when the care provider commits an act that is the care provider's responsibility to perform, but used the wrong procedures (for example, improperly stabilizing a dislocated ankle while waiting on paramedics).

Nonfeasance

when the care provider fails to perform the care provider's legal duty of care (for example, all signs of an assessment indicate an ankle fracture and the care provider does nothing).

Malfeasance

when the care provider performs an act that is not the care provider's responsibility of standard of care (for example, the athletic trainer relocates the dislocated ankle).

Gross Negligence

when the care provider was total disregard for the safety of others.