strain vs sprain

Compression Fracture:

*A compression fracture is a closed fracture that occurs when two or more bones are forced against each other. *It commonly occurs to the bones of the spine and may be caused by falling into a standing or sitting position, or a result of advanced osteoporosis.

Dislocations

*A dislocation is a separation of two bones where they meet at a joint. Joint are areas where two bones come together. *A dislocated bone is no longer in its normal position. *When treated early, most dislocations will not result in permanent injury. *Injuries to the surrounding tissues generally take 3-6 weeks to heal. Sometimes, surgery to repair a torn ligament is needed. *Injuries to nerves and blood vessels may result in more long-term or permanent problems. *Once a joint has been dislocated, it is more likely to happen again.

Symptoms for dislocation

*Accompanied by numbness or tingling at the joint or beyond it *Intensely painful, especially if you try to use the joint or apple weight to it *Limited in movement *Swollen or bruised *Visibly out of pale, discolored, or misshapen

Closed Fracture:

*Also known as simple fracture, a closed fracture is a fracture where the bone is broken, but the skin is intact.

Avulsion Fracture:

*An avulsion fracture is a closed fracture where a piece of bone is broken off by a sudden, forceful contraction of a muscle. *This type of fracture is common in athletes and can occur when muscles are not properly stretched before activity.

Impacted Fracture:

*An impacted fracture is similar to a compression fracture, yet it occurs within the same bone. *it is a closed fracture which occurs when pressure is applied to both ends of the bone, causing it to split into two fragments that jam into each other. *This type of fracture Is common in car accidents and falls.

Open Fracture:

*An open fracture is a fracture where the broken bone is exposed. *That is dangerous because of increased chances of infection. *it is also called compound fracture.

DO NOT

*Do NOT move the person unless the injury has been completely immobilized. *Do NOT move a person with an injured hip, pelvis, or upper leg unless it is absolutely necessary. If you are the only rescuer and the person must be moved, drag him or her by the clothing. *Do NOT attempt to straighten a misshapen bone or joint or to change its position, *Do NOT test a misshapen bone or joint for loss of function. *Do NOT give the person anything by mouth.

Sprains and Strains are graded

*Grade 1 - (mild) sprain or strain involves some stretching or minor tearing of a ligament or muscle *Grade 2 -(moderate) sprain or strain is a ligament or muscle that is partially torn but still intact. *Grade 3 - (severe) sprain or strain means that the ligament or muscle Is completely torn, resulting in joint instability. Grade 1 (mild)- Medial (inside) Grade 2 (Moderate)- Medial (inside) Grade 3 (Severe)- (outside)

Spiral Fracture:

*In this at least one part of the bone has been twisted.

Multi-fragmentary fracture:

*In this the bone splits into multiple pieces. (shattered)

Complete Fracture:

*In this the fracture is at a right angle to the bone's long axis.

Compacted Fracture:

*In this the fracture is caused when bone fragments are driven into each other.

Oblique Fracture:

*In this the fracture is diagonal to a bone's long axis.

Linear Fracture:

*In this the fracture is parallel to the bone's long axis.

Comminuted Fracture:

*In this the fracture results in several fragments.

Ankle Sprains

*Inversion- Foot going out ankle in *Eversion- Foot in high ankle out *High Ankle Sprain- Twist

Stress Fracture:

*It is a common overuse injury. *It is most often seen in athletes who run and jump on hard surfaces such as runners, ballet dancers and basketball players.

Complete Fracture:

*The two pieces of the bone, resulting from the fracture, completely separate from each other. *In this, the two pieces of bone, resulting from the fracture do not completely separate from each other; the bone pierces are still joined to some extent. *This happens when the crack (or fracture) does not traverse along the entire width of the bone.

Sprain

A sprain is an injury involving the stretching or tearing of a ligament (tissue that connects bone to bone).

Strain

Strains are injuries that involve the stretching or tearing of a musculo-tendinous (muscle tendon) structure