Students Question & PPT & Scrum Quiz

The Agile Manifesto-a statement of values

- Individuals and interactions over Process and tools - Working software over Comprehensive documentation - Customer collaboration over Contract negotiation - Responding to change over Following a plan

Scrum does not have a role called "project manager." A) True B) False

A A Scrum Team has a Scrum Master, a Product Owner and a Development Team. As a whole they have all controls needed.

Artifacts : The sprint goal

A short statement of what the work will be focused on during the sprint. Life Sciences Support features necessary for population genetics studies. Database Application Make the application run on SQL Server in addition to Oracle. Financial services Support more technical indicators than company ABC with real-time, streaming data.

Artifacts : A sample product backlog

Backlog item | Estimate Allow a guest to make a reservation | 3 As a guest, I want to cancel a reservation. | 5

The three pillars of empirical process control are: A) Respect For People, Kaizen, Eliminating Waste B) Planning, Demonstration, Retrospective C) Inspection, Transparency, Adaptation D) Planning, Inspection, Adaptation E) Transparency, Eliminating Waste, Kaizen

C Scrum is founded on empirical process control theory, or empiricism. Empiricism asserts that knowledge comes from experience and making decisions based on what is known. Three pillars uphold every implementation of empirical process control: transparency, inspection, and adaptation.

An organization has decided to adopt Scrum, but management wants to change the terminology to fit with terminology already used. What will likely happen if this is done? A) Without a new vocabulary as a reminder of the change, very little change may actually happen. B) The organization may not understand what has changed with Scrum and the benefits of Scrum may be lost. C) Management may feel less anxious. D) All answers apply.

D

When does the next Sprint begin? A) Next Monday. B) Immediately following the next Sprint Planning. C) When the Product Owner is ready. D) Immediately after the conclusion of the previous Sprint.

D A new Sprint starts immediately after the conclusion of the previous Sprint.

When is a Sprint over? A) When all Product Backlog items meet their definition of done. B) When the Product Owner says it is done. C) When all the tasks are completed. D) When the time-box expires.

D The duration of a Sprint is fixed and cannot be shortened or lengthened.

The time-box for a Daily Scrum is? A) The same time of day every day. B) Two minutes per person. C) 4 hours. D) 15 minutes. E) 15 minutes for a 4 week sprint. For shorter Sprints it is usually shorter.

D The length of a daily Scrum is time-boxed at 15 minutes, it does not change with the length of a Sprint.

The Product Backlog is ordered by: A) Size, where small items are at the top and large items are at the bottom. B) Risk, where safer items are at the top, and riskier items are at the bottom. C) Least valuable items at the top to most valuable at the bottom. D) Items are randomly arranged. E) Whatever is deemed most appropriate by the Product Owner.

E The Product Owner decides what makes the most sense to optimize the value of the work being done by the Development Team.

There are two different types of release cadence in release planning: release every sprint and release every feature.

False

Estimating with T-Shirt size approach requires more communication that the Planning Poker approach.

False - Planning Poker requires the whole team to be in agreement.

If 10 story points is assigned to a feature, it means it will take approximately 10 hours for 1 team member to finish the task.

False - Story Points are subjective measures of time and changes from one team to another.

Ceremonies : The daily scrum

Parameters - Daily - 15-minutes - Stand-up Not for problem solving - Whole world is invited - Only team members, ScrumMaster, product owner, can talk Helps avoid other unnecessary meetings

No changes during a sprint

Plan sprint durations around how long you can commit to keeping change out of the sprint.

Scrum framework

Roles - Product owner - ScrumMaster - Team Ceremonies - Sprint planning - Sprint review - Sprint retrospective - Daily scrum meeting Artifacts - Product backlog - Sprint backlog - Burndown charts

Ceremonies : Sprint planning meeting

Sprint prioritization - Analyze and evaluate product backlog - Select sprint goal ---> Sprint goal Sprint planning - Decide how to achieve sprint goal (design) - Create sprint backlog (tasks) from product backlog items (user stories / features) - Estimate sprint backlog in hours ---> Sprint backlog

Artifacts : A sprint burndown chart

Tasks | Mon | Tue | Wed | Thur | Fri

Artifacts : A sprint backlog

Tasks | Mon | Tue | Wed | Thur | Fri Code the user interface | 8 | 4 | 8 | 0 | 0 Code the middle tier | 16 | 12 | 10 | 4 | 0

An disadvantage of continuous deploy is that developers often have trouble integrating everyone's code soon before a release?

false

An advantage of continuous deploy is "More releases means faster feedback from customers and better adapting to what they want".

true

Technical Debt is the cost of additional rework caused by choosing an easy solution.

true

The INVEST acronym stands for Independent, Negotiable, Valuable, Estimatable, Small, Testable.

true

The three Cs for user stories are: Card, Conversation, Confirmation

true

When servicing technical debt, we should target and service the high interest technical debt first.

true

Roles : The ScrumMaster

- Represents management to the project - Responsible for enacting Scrum values and practices - Removes impediments - Ensure that the team is fully functional and productive - Enable close cooperation across all roles and functions - Shield the team from external interferences

Sprint reviews are useful to look honestly at your product and adapt future development

true

Upon what type of process control is Scrum based? A) Empirical B) Hybrid C) Defined D) Complex

A Scrum is founded on empirical process control theory, or empiricism. Empiricism asserts that knowledge comes from experience and making decisions based on what is known.

During a Sprint, a Development Team determines that it will not be able to finish the complete forecast. Who should be present to review and adjust the Sprint work selected? A) The Scrum Master, the project manager and the Development Team. B) The Product Owner and the Development Team. C) The Product Owner and all stakeholders. D) The Development Team.

B During the Sprint, scope may be clarified and re-negotiated between the Product Owner and Development Team as more is learned.

The Development Team should not be interrupted during the Sprint. The Sprint Goal should remain intact. These are conditions that foster creativity, quality and productivity. Based on this, which of the following is FALSE? A) The Product Owner can help clarify or optimize the Sprint when asked by the Development Team. B) The Sprint Backlog is fully formulated in the Sprint Planning meeting and does not change during the Sprint. C) As a decomposition of the selected Product Backlog Items, the Sprint Backlog changes and may grow as the work emerges. D) The Development Team may work with the Product Owner to remove or add work if it finds it has more or less capacity than it expected.

B The Sprint Backlog makes visible all of the work that the Development Team identifies as necessary to meet the Sprint Goal. The Development Team modifies the Sprint Backlog throughout the Sprint, and the Sprint Backlog emerges during the Sprint.

When an individual item in the product backlog is completed, it is considered to be 'potentially shippable'.

False, potentially shippable refers to an entire portion of the backlog being completed and can be released on its own.

Ceremonies : Sprint retrospective : Start / Stop / Continue

Whole team gathers and discusses what they'd like to: - Start doing - Stop doing - Continue doing (This is just one of many ways to do a sprint retrospective.)

It is always a good idea to invite your external stakeholders to each sprint review"

false

Technical Debt should be paid back when a product is ending the life cycle.

false

When creating a product backlog for a company, there is a singular correct organization for all companies.

false

Cadence refers to "the flow or rhythm of events, especially the pattern in which something is experienced".

true

Dividing product backlogs into feature specific areas allows for subject matter experts to work where they are most comfotable.

true

In Planning Poker, the team continues to discuss the user story until consensus is reached.

true

Lack of Documentation is an example of Technical Debt

true

Planning Poker relies on the idea that the crowd is wiser than the individual.

true

Scrum Characteristics

- Self-organizing teams - Product progresses in a series of month-long "sprints" - Requirements are captured as items in a list of "product backlog" - No specific engineering practices prescribed - Uses generative rules to create an agile environment for delivering projects - One of the "agile processes"

Who should know the most about the progress toward a business objective or a release, and be able to explain the alternatives most clearly? A) The Product Owner B) The Development Team C) The Scrum Master D) The Project Manager

A The Product Owner is the sole person responsible for managing the Product Backlog, which includes that the Product Backlog is visible, transparent, and clear to all, and shows what the Scrum Team will work on next.

The purpose of a Sprint is to produce a done increment of working product. A) True B) False

A The heart of Scrum is a Sprint, a time-box of one month or less during which a "Done", usable, and potentially releasable product Increment is created.

What is the recommended size for a Development Team (within the Scrum Team)? A) Minimal 7 B) 3 to 9 C) 7 plus or minus 2 D) 9

B Optimal Development Team size is small enough to remain nimble and large enough to complete significant work. Fewer than three Development Team members decreases interaction and results in smaller productivity gains. More than nine members simply requires too much coordination.

Which statement best describes Scrum? A) A complete methodology that defines how to develop software. B) A cookbook that defines best practices for software development. C) A framework within which complex products in complex environments are developed. D) A defined and predictive process that conforms to the principles of Scientific Management.

C Scrum is not a process or a technique for building products; rather, it is a framework within which you can employ various processes and techniques.

Development Team membership should change: A) Every Sprint to promote shared learning. B) Never, because it reduces productivity. C) As needed, while taking into account a short term reduction in productivity. D) As needed, with no special allowance for changes in productivity.

C Teams typically go through some steps before achieving a state of increased performance. Changing membership typically reduces cohesion, affecting performance and productivity in the short term.

Sequential vs. overlapping development

Requirements, Design, Code, Test.. Rather than doing all of one thing at a time... ...Scrum teams do a little of everything all the time

Scrum Master is focused on helping everyone understand and embrace the Scrum values, principles, and practices.

true

Roles : Product owner

- Define the features of the product - Decide on release date and content - Be responsible for the profitability of the product (ROI) - Prioritize features according to market value - Adjust features and priority every iteration, as needed - Accept or reject work results

Artifacts : Managing the sprint backlog

- Individuals sign up for work of their own choosing - Work is never assigned - Estimated work remaining is updated daily - Any team member can add, delete or change the sprint backlog - Work for the sprint emerges - If work is unclear, define a sprint backlog item with a larger amount of time and break it down later - Update work remaining as more becomes known

Ceremonies : Sprint retrospective

- Periodically take a look at what is and is not working - Typically 15-30 minutes - Done after every sprint - Whole team participates - ScrumMaster - Product owner - Team - Possibly customers and others

Sprints

- Scrum projects make progress in a series of "sprints" - Analogous to Extreme Programming iterations - Typical duration is 2-4 weeks or a calendar month at most - A constant duration leads to a better rhythm - Product is designed, coded, and tested during the sprint

Scrum process

- Sprint goal - Sprint backlog - 24 hours / Sprint 2-4 weeks - Potentially shippable product increment

What are the two primary ways a Scrum Master keeps a Development Team working at its highest level of productivity? A) By facilitating Development Team decisions B) By removing impediments that hinder the Development Team C) By starting and ending the meetings at the proper time D) By keeping high value features high in the Product Backlog

A,B A Scrum Master is a servant-leader for the Development Team. Facilitation and removing impediments serves a team in achieving the best productivity possible.

Which of the below are roles on a Scrum Team? A) Development Team B) Users C) Customers D) Product Owner E) Scrum Master

A,D,E The Scrum Team consists of a Product Owner, the Development Team, and a Scrum Master.

The time-box for the Sprint Planning meeting is? A) 4 hours. B) 8 hours for a monthly Sprint. For shorter Sprints it is usually shorter. C) Whenever it is done. D) Monthly.

B Sprint Planning is time-boxed to a maximum of eight hours for a one-month Sprint. For shorter Sprints, the event is usually shorter.

The maximum length of the Sprint Review (its time-box) is: A) 2 hours. B) 4 hours for a monthly Sprint. For shorter Sprints it is usually shorter. C) As long as needed. D) 1 day. E) 4 hours and longer as needed.

B Sprint Review is a four-hour time-boxed meeting for one-month Sprints. For shorter Sprints, the event is usually shorter.

Ceremonies : The sprint review

- Team presents what it accomplished during the sprint - Typically takes the form of a demo of new features or underlying architecture - Informal - 2-hour prep time rule - No slides - Whole team participates - Invite the world

When many Development Teams are working on a single product, what best describes the definition of "done?" A) Each Development Team defines and uses its own. The differences are discussed and reconciled during a hardening Sprint. B) Each Development Team uses its own but must make their definition clear to all other Teams so the differences are known. C) All Development Teams must have a definition of "done" that makes their combined work potentially releasable. D) It depends.

C Scrum requires an Increment to be releasable. This is an Increment of product. Many teams working on a single product are expected to deliver such an Increment.

Ceremonies : Sprint planning

- Team selects items from the product backlog they can commit to completing - Sprint backlog is created - Tasks are identified and each is estimated (1-16 hours) - Collaboratively, not done alone by the ScrumMaster - High-level design is considered

Artifacts : Product backlog

- The requirements - A list of all desired work on the project - Ideally expressed such that each item has value to the users or customers of the product - Prioritized by the product owner - Reprioritized at the start of each sprint

Artifacts : Scalability

- Typical individual team is 7 ± 2 people - Scalability comes from teams of teams - Factors in scaling - Type of application - Team size - Team dispersion - Project duration - Scrum has been used on multiple 500+ person projects

When might a Sprint be abnormally cancelled? A) When it becomes clear that not everything will be finished by the end of the Sprint. B) When the Development Team feels that the work is too hard. C) When the sales department has an important new opportunity. D) When the Sprint Goal becomes obsolete.

D A Sprint can be cancelled before the Sprint time-box is over. A Sprint would be cancelled if the Sprint Goal becomes obsolete. This might occur if the company changes direction or if market or technology conditions change.

During the Daily Scrum, the Scrum Master's role is to: A) Lead the discussions of the Development Team. B) Make sure that all 3 questions have been answered. C) Manage the meeting in a way that each team member has a chance to speak. D) Teach the Development Team to keep the Daily Scrum within the 15 minute time-box. E) All answers apply.

D The Scrum Master ensures that the Development Team has the meeting, but the Development Team is responsible for conducting the Daily Scrum. The Scrum Master teaches the Development Team to keep the Daily Scrum within the 15-minute time-box. The Scrum Master enforces the rule that only Development Team members participate in the Daily Scrum.

Roles : The team

- Typically 5-9 people - Cross-functional: Programmers, testers, user experience designers, etc. - Members should be full-time May be exceptions (e.g., database administrator) - Teams are self-organizing Ideally, no titles but rarely a possibility - Membership should change only between sprints

Scrum

- agile process - highest business value in the shortest time. - rapidly and repeatedly inspect actual working software (every two weeks to one month). - The business sets the priorities. Teams self-organize to determine the best way to deliver the highest priority features. - Every two weeks to a month anyone can see real working software and decide to release it as is or continue to enhance it for another sprint.

Unit testing is part of the completion criteria to decide if items in the backlog are 'done'.

True

Ceremonies : Everyone answers 3 questions

What did you do yesterday? What will you do today? Is anything in your way? These are not status for the ScrumMaster They are commitments in front of peers

Which statement best describes the Sprint Review? A) It is a mechanism to control the Development Team's activities during a Sprint. B) It is when the Scrum Team and stakeholders inspect the outcome of a Sprint and figure out what to do next. C) It is a demo at the end of the Sprint for everyone in the organization to check on the work done.

B Every event in Scrum, besides the Sprint which is a container for the other events, is an opportunity to Inspect AND Adapt.

Why is the Daily Scrum held at the same time and same place? A) The place can be named. B) The consistency reduces complexity. C) The Product Owner demands it. D) Rooms are hard to book and this lets it be booked in advance.

B The Daily Scrum is held at the same time and place each day to reduce complexity.

The CEO asks the Development Team to add a "very important" item to a Sprint that is in progress. What should the Development Team do? A) Add the item to the current Sprint without any adjustments. B) Add the item to the current Sprint and drop an item of equal size. C) Add the item to the next Sprint. D) Inform the Product Owner so he/she can work with the CEO.

D The items selected for a Sprint have been selected as most valuable with the Product Owner. The items serve the Sprint's goal. No changes should be made that endanger the Sprint Goal. No one external to the Scrum Team can force changes on the Development Team (Sprint Backlog) and the Product Owner (Product Backlog).

The term of release planning in each organization can be different, for example some organizations use longer-term planning or milestone-driven planning as a synonyms of release planning.

True

When does a Development Team member become the sole owner of a Sprint Backlog item? A) At the Sprint planning meeting. B) Never. All Sprint Backlog Items are "owned" by the entire Development Team, even though each one may be implemented by an individual development team member. C) Whenever a team member can accommodate more work. D) During the Daily Scrum.

B Sprint Backlog and all of its items are collectively owned by the Development Team. No individual team member can claim ownership over an item as this would block communication and collaboration.

Which statement best describes a Product Owner's responsibility? A) Optimizing the value of the work the Development Team does. B) Directing the Development Team. C) Managing the project and ensuring that the work meets the commitments to the stakeholders. D) Keeping stakeholders at bay.

A The Product Owner is responsible for maximizing the value of the product and the work of the Development Team.

Which two (2) things does the Development Team do during the first Sprint? A) Deliver an increment of releasable software. B) Determine the complete architecture and infrastructure for the product. C) Develop and deliver at least one piece of functionality. D) Develop a plan for the rest of the release. E) Create the complete Product Backlog to be developed in subsequent Sprints.

A, C The heart of Scrum is a Sprint, a time-box of one month or less during which a "Done", useable, and potentially releasable product Increment is created. This applies to every Sprint

How much work must a Development Team do to a Product Backlog item it selects for a Sprint? A) As much as it has told the Product Owner will be done for every Product Backlog item it selects in conformance with the definition of "Done". B) As much as it can fit into the Sprint. C) All development work and at least some testing. D) Analysis, design, programming, testing and documentation.

A The purpose of each Sprint is to deliver Increments of potentially releasable functionality that adhere to the Scrum Team's current definition of "Done".