Study

The loss of water by a plant is called transpiration. If a plant loses too much water through transpiration, it will wilt. Through which structure can a plant lose too much water? A. Leaf B. Pith C. Root D. Stem

A. Leaf

What is the plasma (cell) membrane composed of? A. Lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins B. Carbohydrates and lipids only C. Lipids only D. Lipids and proteins only

A. Lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins

What is the name of the flower part labeled B? A. Ovary B. Stigma C. Anther D. Filament

A. Ovary

A student is collecting the gas given off from a plant in bright sunlight at a temperature of 27°C. The gas being collected is probably A. Oxygen. B. Carbon dioxide. C. ATP. D. Glucose.

A. Oxygen.

Which of the following do both ferns and mosses require? A. Water B. Warm temperatures C. Lots of sunlight D. None of the above

A. Water

Look at the figure below. Which letters indicate cells in which many chloroplasts would likely be found? A. A and D B. B and C C. F and G D. G and E

B. B and C

1. The illustration below shows the pigmented organelle in which photosynthesis takes place. What are these organelles called? A. Chlorophyll B. Chloroplasts C. Cristae D. Mitochondria

B. Chloroplasts

Terrestrial plants have stomata on the surface of their leaves. A single stoma is surrounded by two guard cells that change shape in response to environmental factors and open or close the stoma. Which of the following best explains how the structure of the leaf is used in processes that occur in the plant? A. Water enters the plant through the surface of the leaf for transpiration. B. Gases for photosynthesis are exchanged through the surface of the leaf. C. Energy for cellular reproduction is absorbed through the surface of the leaf. D. Carbon dioxide enters the plant through the surface of the leaf for cellular respiration.

B. Gases for photosynthesis are exchanged through the surface of the leaf.

Both photosynthesis and cellular respiration take place in the leaves of plants. The diagram below shows a plant undergoing photosynthesis. What products from photosynthesis are used in cellular respiration? A. Water and glucose B. Glucose and oxygen C. Water and carbon dioxide D. Glucose and carbon dioxide

B. Glucose and oxygen

If carbon dioxide is completely removed from a plant's environment, what would you expect to happen to the plant's production of high-energy sugars? A. More sugars will be produced. B. No sugars will be produced. C. The same number of sugars will be produced but without carbon dioxide. D. Fewer sugars will be produced at first, but then the plant will recover.

B. No sugars will be produced.

Two different species of bacteria are examined. Scientists find that species X always produces CO2 and H2O during cellular respiration. Species Y always produces ethyl alcohol and CO2. Which conclusion can be made from these observations? A. Only species Y is aerobic. B. Only species Y is anaerobic. C. Both species X and Y are aerobic. D. Both species X and Y are anaerobic.

B. Only species Y is anaerobic.

The diagram below represents a flower, the reproductive structure of some plants. Most flowers have both male and female structures for fertilization and reproduction. Which structure is represented by the letter A in the diagram above? A. The stamen, a male structure which produces pollen B. The pistil, a female structure which collects pollen and passes it to the ovary C. The sepal, a modified leaf used for protection of the flower D. The petals, decorative structures which attract pollinators

B. The pistil, a female structure which collects pollen and passes it to the ovary

Which of the following is true of the structures labeled C in the image above? A. The structures are carbohydrates. B. The structures are hydrophilic. C. The structures are proteins. D. The structures are hydrophobic

B. The structures are hydrophilic.

3. Landscapers shape plants by manipulating A. Their fibrous or tap roots B. Their apical meristems C. Their flowers and fruits D. None of the above

B. Their apical meristems

Cells that undergo photosynthesis are: A. Sclerenchyma B. Collenchyma C. Parenchyma D. None of the above

C. Parenchyma

Which of the following diagrams accurately represents the use of gases in both cellular respiration and photosynthesis?

A, arrows represent different it moves.

In which experimental setup shown above would you expect the Elodea plant inside the test tube to produce the LEAST amount of oxygen? A. A B. B C. C D. D

A, there is no direct light.

Flowers with brightly colored petals are generally pollinated by insects. The insects transfer pollen grains from one plant to another. The pollen is captured from the insect at the A. Anther. B. Style. C. Stigma. D. Ovary.

A. Anther.

A weightlifter is using heavy weights in short bursts for a competition. Because his muscle cells are not able to take in enough oxygen to make very much ATP the weightlifter begins to get fatigue in his muscles. Which of the following processes is most likely going on in the muscles of the weightlifter as he competes in his event? A. As the cells run out of oxygen they switch to anaerobic respiration, which allows the cell to make small amounts of ATP in the absence of oxygen. B. As the cells run out of oxygen, they die off gradually and the weightlifter's muscles have fewer contracting muscle cells. C. The cells will never run out of oxygen if the weightlifter is breathing. D. As the cells run out of oxygen, they will continue to make the same amount of ATP, since oxygen is not required to make ATP.

A. As the cells run out of oxygen they switch to anaerobic respiration, which allows the cell to make small amounts of ATP in the absence of oxygen.

The diagram below represents specialized cells in the surface of the leaf of a green plant. The main function of these cells is to A. Change the size of the stomate to regulate water loss B. Close the stomate to keep dust and dirt out of the leaf C. Directly provide leaf cells with the water involved in photosynthesis D. Allow newly formed glucose to be released from the leaf

A. Change the size of the stomate to regulate water loss

Most plants have either a taproot or fibrous root system. A taproot system includes a large central root with smaller branches. A fibrous root system includes a root system that is highly branched. What do both types of root systems provide for the plant? A. Enable it to anchor in the ground B. Provide more tissue for photosynthesis C. Transport materials to the leaves D. Offer support in shallow soils where nutrients are scarce

A. Enable it to anchor in the ground

3. What type of tissue is predominantly found in leaves? A. Ground tissue B. Vascular tissue C.Meristematic tissue D. Dermal tissue

A. Ground tissue

The diagram below shows a cross section of a plant leaf. How does the structure marked X contribute to the survival of the plant? A. It allows the intake of gases necessary for photosynthesis. B. It allows the intake of minerals necessary for plant growth. C. It allows the intake of sunlight necessary for ATP production. D. It allows the intake of sugars necessary for plant reproduction.

A. It allows the intake of gases necessary for photosynthesis.

The leaves of a plant are the main organs where photosynthesis occurs. Which of the following best describes how their structure is related to this function? A. Most leaves are broad and flat to absorb maximum sunlight. B. Leaves are covered by a waxy cuticle that prevents water loss. C. Most leaves contain all the structures that the plant requires to reproduce. D. The leaves are covered with tiny hairs that allow for more water absorption.

A. Most leaves are broad and flat to absorb maximum sunlight.

The spongy mesophyll contains A. Parenchyma cells and air spaces B. Sclerenchyma and air spaces C. Collenchyma and air spaces D. None of the above

A. Parenchyma cells and air spaces

The diagram below shows the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Which of the following statements best describes the relationship? A. The products of cellular respiration are the reactants of photosynthesis. B. The reactants of cellular respiration are the reactants of photosynthesis. C. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration use light energy to produce chemical energy. D. Photosynthesis produces light energy while cellular respiration produces chemical energy.

A. The products of cellular respiration are the reactants of photosynthesis.

Cellular respiration in prokaryotic cells does not require oxygen. What is this process called? A. Aerobic B. Anaerobic C. Heterotrophic D. Prokaryotic

B. Anaerobic

Two test tubes were filled with a solution of bromthymol blue. A student exhaled through a straw into each tube, and the bromthymol blue turned yellow. An aquatic green plant was placed into each tube, and the tubes were corked. One tube was placed in the dark, and one was placed in direct sunlight. The yellow solution in the tube in sunlight turned blue, while the one in the dark remained yellow. Which statement best explains why the solution in the tube placed in sunlight returned to a blue color? A. Oxygen was produced by photosynthesis. B. Carbon dioxide was removed by photosynthesis. C. Carbon dioxide was produced by respiration. D. Oxygen was removed by respiration.

B. Carbon dioxide was removed by photosynthesis.

In the structure of a leaf, specialized cells function as gates that open and close to allow gases to pass into and out of the leaf. The illustration below shows these cells. If you were to test the gases passing out of the leaf at night, what would you observe? A. Oxygen would be passing from the leaf into the surrounding atmosphere. B. Carbon dioxide would be passing from the leaf into the surrounding atmosphere. C. Glucose vapor would be passing from the leaf into the surrounding atmosphere. D. Carbon monoxide would be passing from the leaf into the surrounding atmosphere.

B. Carbon dioxide would be passing from the leaf into the surrounding atmosphere.

Which of the following characterizes ferns? A. Ferns do not have roots. B. Fern leaves are called fronds. C. Ferns produce seeds. D. Ferns have stems.

B. Fern leaves are called fronds.

Some botanists use a classification called "gymnosperm" to include vascular plants which reproduce by a seed but do not have a fruit. Which of the following plants would not be included in gymnosperms? A. Ferns B. Ginkgos C. Cycads D. Conifers

B. Ginkgos

Cellular respiration occurs in two main parts, glycolysis and aerobic respiration. What are the reactants needed for aerobic respiration in eukaryotic cells? A. Glucose and water B. Glucose and oxygen C. Lactic acid and oxygen D. Carbon dioxide and water

B. Glucose and oxygen

During photosynthesis, light energy is absorbed and used to create carbohydrates. Chlorophyll a and b are the main types of pigments found in chloroplasts in plant cells. What color indicates the wavelength that plant cells do NOT absorb during photosynthesis? A. Yellow B. Green C. Orange D. Red

B. Green

What is the main function of leaves? A. Leaves provide support for growth and a place to store food. B. Leaves provide a place for photosynthesis to occur. C. Leaves absorb water and minerals and transport nutrients to the stem. D. Leaves create a barrier that prevents water in the plant's tissues from evaporating

B. Leaves provide a place for photosynthesis to occur.

Dermal tissue covers all parts of a plant's body. What function does dermal tissue provide? A. Transport B. Protection C. Reproduction D. Photosynthesis

B. Protection

Stomata (or stomates) are located A. On roots B. Underside of leaves C. Top of leaves D. Hidden in bark

B. Underside of leaves

What function does ATP carry out in living things? A. Aids in protein folding and coiling B. Used to capture and transfer energy C. Identifies DNA start sequences for transcription D. Helps maintain the fluidity of cell membranes

B. Used to capture and transfer energy

2. In what type of tissue would you find xylem and phloem? A. Ground tissue B. Vascular tissue C. Meristematic tissue D. Dermal tissue

B. Vascular tissue

Anaerobic microorganisms, such as yeast, go through a process that breaks down glucose into carbon dioxide and ethanol without the presence of oxygen. What is this process called? A. Anabolism B. Krebs cycle C. Fermentation D. Electron transport

C. Fermentation

Living organisms obtain energy by breaking down organic molecules during cellular respiration. Which of the following is the correct sequence for cellular respiration? A. Krebs cycle, glycolysis, electron transport B. Electron transport, glycolysis, Krebs cycle C. Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport system D. Glycolysis, electron transport system, Krebs cycle

C. Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport system

Which of the following is a characteristic of gymnosperms? A. Gymnosperms have cotyledons. B. Gymnosperms have flowers. C. Gymnosperms have naked seeds. D. None of the above.

C. Gymnosperms have naked seeds.

The diagram below shows a plant undergoing photosynthesis. What reactants are used during photosynthesis? A. Oxygen and glucose B. Carbon dioxide and oxygen C. Light energy, water, and carbon dioxide D. Glucose, carbon dioxide, water, and light energy

C. Light energy, water, and carbon dioxide

In the overall equation for photosynthesis, six molecules of carbon dioxide and six molecules of water result in a molecule of sugar and six molecules of A. Glucose. B. Water. C. Oxygen. D. ATP.

C. Oxygen.

Mike has four aquatic plants of the same size and the same species. He submerges the plants in a separate beaker filled with 200 ml of water. He then sets each beaker under a different intensity of light. Mike observes that, of the four plants, the plant in the beaker under the most intense light gives off the most gas bubbles in a 20 minute period. Which of the following statements best explains Mike's observations? A. Cells decompose most quickly under the most intense light. B. Water evaporates from plants faster under the most intense light. C. Photosynthesis occurs at the highest rate under the most intense light. D. Gases in the leaves of plants expand most under the most intense light

C. Photosynthesis occurs at the highest rate under the most intense light.

Much of a plant's body is made of ground tissue. What function does the ground tissue in a stem provide? A. Absorption B. Reproduction C. Support D. Protection

C. Support

What do you need to remove to starve a tree? A. The heartwood B.The lower branches C. The cork cambium D. The apical meristem

C. The cork cambium

A potted plant is placed inside a clear, sealed vacuum container that has water pumped into it on a regular basis. The container is placed in the sun and the plant's growth is monitored. Which statement best describes what will most likely happen to the plant over time? A. The plant will grow faster because it is sheltered from the wind. B. The plant will die because it does not have oxygen for photosynthesis. C. The plant will die because it does not have carbon dioxide for photosynthesis D. The plant will grow at a slower rate because it requires more water.

C. The plant will die because it does not have carbon dioxide for photosynthesis

If the xylem in a young tree is damaged, which process is first affected? A. Performing photosynthesis B. Transporting sugar to the roots C. Transporting water to the leaves D. Absorbing water from the soil

C. Transporting water to the leaves

During both aerobic and anaerobic respiration, the products are similar. Which option below contains products produced by both types of respiration? A. Oxygen and water B. Oxygen and glucose C. Carbon dioxide and water D. Carbon dioxide and oxygen

Carbon dioxide and water

During cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells, glucose is broken down into carbon dioxide and water molecules. Which energy source is produced during the process of breaking down the glucose molecules? A. NADH B. ATPase enzyme C. Adenosine diphosphate D. Adenosine triphosphate

D. Adenosine triphosphate

3. Which statement is true for bryophytes? A. Bryophytes are autotrophic. B. Vascular tissue is absent. C. Fertilization takes place in the presence of water. D. All of the statements are true.

D. All of the statements are true.

What is the role of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) within a cell? A. Use glucose B. Controls chemical reactions C. Release carbon dioxide D. Biological molecule that stores energy

D. Biological molecule that stores energy

During an experiment, Nathan observes that when a plant is placed in a closed vial with water and a few drops of bromothymol blue, and placed in a dark location, the liquid changes from blue to yellow. The liquid turns back to blue when the container is placed in light. What is bromothymol blue reacting to in this experiment? A. Concentration of proteins in the water B. Concentration of nitrogen in the water C. Concentration of phosphate in the water D. Concentration of carbon dioxide in the water

D. Concentration of carbon dioxide in the water

If some of the xylem of a young oak tree were destroyed, it would most likely interfere with the tree's ability to A. Conduct sugars to the roots. B. Absorb sunlight. C. Absorb nutrients from the soil. D. Conduct water to the leaves.

D. Conduct water to the leaves.

What type of tissue is responsible for producing waxy cuticle? A. Ground tissue B. Vascular tissue C. Meristematic tissue D. Dermal tissue

D. Dermal tissue

What type of plant tends to grow the most in diameter? A. Monocots B.Ferns C. Mosses D. Dicots

D. Dicots

The flat structure of a leaf blade enables its function as a photosynthetic organ by A. Decreasing the loss of oxygen into the atmosphere. B. Increasing the absorption of nutrients from soil. C. Protecting the rest of the plant from water loss due to evaporation. D. Exposing a greater surface area to capture energy from sunlight.

D. Exposing a greater surface area to capture energy from sunlight.

Which statement describes the role of flowers in plant survival? A. Flowers can absorb carbon dioxide for sugar production. B. Flowers produce oxygen through cellular respiration. C. Flowers contain cells that carry out photosynthesis. D. Flowers contain cells that produce gametes.

D. Flowers contain cells that produce gametes.

In the figure below, why might the candle in jar A burn longer than the candle in jar B? A. Carbon dioxide produced by the plant allows the candle to burn longer. B. Chlorophyll produced by the plant allows the candle to burn longer. C. Glucose produced by the plant allows the candle to burn longer. D. Oxygen produced by the plant allows the candle to burn longer.

D. Oxygen produced by the plant allows the candle to burn longer.

In plant taxonomy, a division is equivalent to a A. Family B. Class C. Order D. Phylum

D. Phylum

In the contained ecosystem below the organisms will need to get food and any other requirements within the system. How do the plants get enough carbon dioxide to go through photosynthesis? A. Carbon dioxide is stored in the glass container. B. Water plants do not need carbon dioxide to undergo photosynthesis. C. The water will slowly dissolve the sand and soil, releasing carbon dioxide. D. The living things within the system will produce carbon dioxide as a product of cellular respiration.

D. The living things within the system will produce carbon dioxide as a product of cellular respiration.

Which of the following is true of the structure labeled D in the image above? A. The structures are carbohydrates. B. The structures are hydrophilic. C. The structures are membrane proteins D. The structures are hydrophobic.

D. The structures are hydrophobic.

Which structure or part enables the leaf to transport water and sugar as shown in this illustration. A. A stomate B. The cuticle C. Chloroplasts D. The vascular tissue

D. The vascular tissue

In an experiment observing yeast respiration, Douglas notes that during the first day, carbon dioxide as produced. After three days, alcohol was produced. Which statement below would explain these results? A. It took three days for the yeast cells to finish a fermentation cycle to produce the alcohol. B. The alcohol is formed from decaying yeast cells. Three days is the normal life span of a yeast cell. C. Alcohol is formed from carbon dioxide when present with yeast, and the concentration of carbon dioxide had to be high enough for that reaction to occur. D. The yeast cells were going through aerobic respiration for the first two days of the experiment then the cells switched to anaerobic respiration when the available oxygen was gone from the vessel.

D. The yeast cells were going through aerobic respiration for the first two days of the experiment then the cells switched to anaerobic respiration when the available oxygen was gone from the vessel.

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about ATP? A. ATP consists of ribose, adenine, and three phosphate groups. B. ADP is produced when ATP releases energy. C. ATP provides energy for the mechanical functions of cells. D. Used ATP is discarded by the cell as waste

D. Used ATP is discarded by the cell as waste

ason took a celery stalk, cut off both ends, and then placed the stalk in a jar of water. He added a few drops of food coloring. A few days later, he removed the celery stalk and cut it in half from top to bottom. He noticed that the food coloring had moved through the stem. Through which tissue did the food coloring move through the celery stalk? A. Epidermal B. Ground C. Spongy D. Vascular

D. Vascular

Both photosynthesis and cellular respiration take place in the cells of a leaf. What products from cellular respiration are used in photosynthesis? A. Water and glucose B. Glucose and oxygen C. Glucose and carbon dioxide D. Water and carbon dioxide

D. Water and carbon dioxide

ATP is the most important biological molecule that provides chemical energy. How does ATP release energy? A. When sunlight enters the leaf of a plant B. When ATP is synthesized into glucose C. When carbon dioxide joins with other carbon molecules D. When the bond between the second and third phosphate of ATP is broken

D. When the bond between the second and third phosphate of ATP is broken

Food and water are carried throughout your body in blood vessels. In a plant, the transportation of food and water is the main function of two types of vascular tissue. Which tissue in a stem conducts water upward? A. Dermal tissue B. Ground tissue C. Phloem D. Xylem

D. Xylem

Vascular tissue carries out a physiological function in plants. The vascular tissues of a plant are arranged in a structure called a vascular bundle. Which two tissues make up a vascular bundle in a plant? A. Cortex and pith B. Pith and mesophyll C. Phloem and dermis D. Xylem and phloem

D. Xylem and phloem