study guide circulatory

What is the difference between embolus and thrombus?

A thrombus is a blood clot that forms in a vein. An embolus is anything that travels through the blood vessels until it reaches a vessel that is too small to let it pass.

What is aortic stenosis?

Aortic stenosis is a narrowing of the aortic valve opening.

What is the first human system working after fecundation occurs?

Circulatory system the heart

What is the function of the oxygen?

During cellular respiration, cells use oxygen to break down sugar to produce ATP, or adenosine triphosphate

Where the gaseous exchanges do occur?

Gaseous exchange occurs in the alveoli by simple diffusion.

What cells do produce mucus?

Goblet cells

What are the conchae of the nares?

In anatomy, a nasal concha plural conchae also called a turbinates or turbinal, is a long, narrow, curled shelf of bone that protrudes into the breathing passage of the nose.

Where the heart is located relating to the lungs?

In between the lungs

What is the function of the ductus arteriosus in the fetus?

In the developing fetus, the ductus arteriosus, also called the ductus Botalli, is a blood vessel connecting the main pulmonary artery to the proximal descending aorta. It allows most of the blood from the right ventricle to bypass the fetus's fluid-filled non-functioning lungs.

What is the difference between the pericardium, myocardium and endocardium?

Myocardium is a muscles and the pericardium is a membrane

What is the name of the hairs inside your nares?

Nostril.

What is pulmonary stenosis?

Pulmonary stenosis is a condition characterized by obstruction to blood flow from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery.

What is the function of surfactant?

Pulmonary surfactant lowers surface tension in the lungs.

What is the biggest oxygenated vessel in the body?

The aorta

What are the cellular composition of blood?

The cellular components of blood include red corpuscles (erythrocytes), platelets (thrombocytes), and five types of white corpuscles (leukocytes)

1-How many chambers does the heart have?

The heart has four chambers: two atria and two ventricles.

What are the functions of the heart?

The human heart is an organ that pumps blood throughout the body via the circulatory system, supplying oxygen and nutrients to the tissues and removing carbon dioxide and other wastes

What is the function of the epiglottis?

The main function of the epiglottis is to seal off the windpipe during eating, so that food is not accidentally inhaled.

The difference between the pulmonary, cardiac or coronary and systemic circulation

The pulmonary circulation is the portion that brings blood to the lungs and back. The systemic circulation is the portion that brings oxygenated blood to the rest of the body. Coronary arteries deliver oxygenated blood from the aorta to the heart. Cardiac veins remove deoxygenated blood from the heart.

What are the subdivisions of respiration?

The respiratory system consists of two divisions with distinct structural elements that reflect their unique functions.

Where does the respiratory system start? Where does it finish?

The respiratory system starts at the nose and mouth and continues through the airways and the lungs. Air enters the respiratory system through the nose and mouth and passes down the throat (pharynx) and through the voice box, or larynx.

What is the nomenclature of the layer that covers the lungs?

The visceral pleura

What is the difference between bronchi and bronchioles?

These main branches are quite smaller in diameter than the trachea and have the same structure as the trachea.

What is the function of mucus in breathing mechanism?

To moisten the cold air

What is the complication of esophagotracheal fistula?

Tracheoesophageal fistula most commonly occurs as a complication of prolonged tracheal intubation.

How many left pulmonary lobes do we have?

Two lobes

Where is the foramen ovale located?

Within the interatrial septum a small hole located in the septum, which is the wall between the two upper chambers of the heart (atria).

What is angina?

a condition marked by severe pain in the chest, often spreading to the shoulders, arms, and neck, caused by an inadequate blood supply to the heart.

What is tetralogy of Fallot?

a congenital heart condition involving four abnormalities occurring together, including a defective septum between the ventricles and narrowing of the pulmonary artery, and accompanied by cyanosis.

What is tachycardia?

a heart rate that exceeds the normal resting rate.

What is the trachea?

a large membranous tube reinforced by rings of cartilage, extending from the larynx to the bronchial tubes and conveying air to and from the lungs; the windpipe.

What is the most likely artery that blocks in myocardial infarction?

a rupture

What is bradicardia?

abnormally slow heart action.

What is the difference between adipose and aerobic emboli?

adipose emboli are the types of blood clot from long broken bornes after a big accident and aerobic emboli are the types of blood clot from the air by putting a neck canula for example.

What is the cause of asthma?

airway inflammation

4 cardiac valves

aortic, pulmonary, tricuspid, mitral

mitral valve

located between the left atrium and the left ventricle.

aortic valve

located between the left ventricle and the aorta.

tricuspid valve

located between the right atrium and the right ventricle.

pulmonary valve

located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.

What pneumocytes do produce surfactant?

pulmonary alveolus.

What blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood into the left heart chamber?

pulmonary veins

What are the functions of the blood?

supplying oxygen to cells and tissues. providing essential nutrients to cells, such as amino acids, fatty acids, and glucose. removing waste materials, such as carbon dioxide, urea, and lactic acid. protecting the body from infection and foreign bodies through the white blood cells

What is the biggest deoxygenated vessel in the body?

vena cava