study.com bio 101 Ch9 QUIZ

Sickle cell anemia is caused by which one of the following?

Base substitution

The best term to describe a mutation in which one nitrogenous base is replaced by another is which one of the following?

Base substitution

Which enzyme is supposed to check DNA for errors?

DNA polymerase

What are gain of function mutations?

Dominant mutations that are expressed in mutant cells.

The best term to describe mutations that result in DNA sequences that are slightly too long or too short is

Frameshift mutation

Which type of mutation adds a base pair to the original DNA sequence?

Insertion

What are conditional mutations?

Mutations that are are analyzed under permissive and restrictive conditions.

The best term to describe a permanent change in a DNA sequence involving the adding, removing or replacing of nucleotides is which one of the following?

Point mutation

If a normal DNA sequence is TACCGG, which is an example of a base substitution?

TACAGG

A base substitution is called a transversion whenever a purine is swapped with ...

a pyrimidine

Human genetic disease can be caused by what types of mutations?

all of these cause mutations

Which type of mutation does NOT change the length of a DNA strand?

base substitution

Why do people try to protect their skin from ultraviolet radiation?

because UV radiation is a mutagen

How do mutagens cause mutations?

by increasing the likelihood of a replication error

Mutagens are typically found

in an organism's environment

A mutation in DNA can affect the amino acid sequence because it affects the code found in

mRNA

What kind of mutation causes sickle-cell anemia?

missense

Which type of mutation causes one amino acid to switch with another?

missense

Which of the following situations will result in human disease due to a mutation?

mutations in restriction sites in the DNA

Which type of mutation results in an incomplete polypeptide because of an early stop signal?

nonsense

All base substitutions are also...

point mutations

The nitrogenous bases adenine (A) and guanine (G) are the two examples of...

purines

Which type of mutation does NOT change the overall function of the protein?

silent

When can a genetic mutation get passed down through successive generations?

when it does not affect the organism's ability to survive and reproduce