Succession Webquest

primary succession: __________ in habitat secondary succession: ____________________ of a community that has been disturbed

barren; reestablishment

Secondary Succession follows the ___________ or partial destruction of the _________________ by some sort of disturbance, like a ______, _____________, or _______ that leaves the soil ___________.

destruction; vegetation area; fire; windstorm; flood; intact

AS SUCCESSION PROCEEDS THE AREA BECOMES MORE______________ AND IS ABLE TO SUPPORT MORE COMPLEX __________________

diverse; food webs

Succession occurs on _______ scales involving ___________ plants and animals, but may involve ____________ communities on a smaller scale.

large; higher; microbial

• Primary Succession follows the formation of ________________________ consisting of _______, _______, ____________________, _______, _______, or some other exclusively ____________ substrate. o This means that there is ___________ present. o Soil is a mixture of _________ material, ___________________ material, and ________ organisms.

new land surfaces; rock; lava; volcanic ash; sand; clay; mineral; no soil; mineral; decaying organic; living organisms

Alder trees perform _____________ which improves the soil ___________ allowing for _____________.

nitrogen fixation; quality; spruce tree growth

Species composition tends towards a ________________________ through succession.

Climax Community

examples of secondary succession: - -after ____________ - - - -

abandoned farm; harvesting; fire; flooding; logging; hurricane

change in the species composition of a community over time

ecological succession

The climax community describes an _______________ of succession that persists until disturbed by _____________________.

end product; environmental change

secondary succession is ____________ than primary succession

faster

• Pioneer species initiate ____________ following disturbance in both __________ AND _________ successions Pioneers "______________" for later colonists by altering the ________ and ___________- environment: o _______________________ (decreases erosion) their roots accelerate soil formation o soil ______________ enrichment (organic matter and biological _____________) o increased _____________________ o ________ availability o _________________ o exposure to _______

recovery; primary; secondary; pave the way; biotic; abiotic; soil stabilization; nutrient; organic matter; nitrogen fixation; moisture holding capacity; light; temperature; wind

Bog Succession is ____________

secondary

examples of primary succession: -newly formed _______________________ -____________ retreat -_______________

volcanic island; glaciers; lakes dry up

Characteristics of a Bog Area: ______________ areas characterized by ________ and __________ matter. remain __________ for a while and then develops grasses, shrubs, and then finally trees. Water is diverted because the beavers build dams which causes __________ in the valley and ___________ the vegetation. Over time deeper rooted trees are able to grow until eventually it is a _________ with a narrow ___________.

waterlogged; mosses; organic; wetlands; flooding; waterlogs; forest; stream