Superficial structures practice questions- thyroid/male pelvis
Which abnormality is associated with the sonographic findings of a thyroid inferno?
Graves disease
Which gland is located immediately anterior to the ear?
Parotid gland
Which of the following is the hormone that is the most abundantly produced by the thyroid?
Thyroxine
The most common location of BPH is the:
Transitional zone
The most common location of prostatic cancer is the:
Peripheral zone
A patient presents to the sonography department for a penile sonogram. he complains of a painful curvature of the penis and impotence. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Peyronie disease
Psammoma bodies are
Punctate calcific deposits
The superior extension of the thyroid isthmus is referred to as the:
Pyramidal lobe
Benign congenital cysts located superior the the thyroid gland near the hyoid bone are referred to as:
Thyroglossal duct cysts
What is the most common cause of hypothyroidism?
Hashimoto thyroiditis
Primary varicoceles are associated with all of the following except:
Retroperitoneal mass
Which vascular structure is located closest to the thyroid lobes?
Common carotid artery
A normal lymph node will not measure greater than:
10mm
What would be the most likely sonographic appearance of a seminoma?
Hypoechoic
Which muscles are located posterior to each thyroid lobe?
Longus colli
Which of the following is the most common form of thyroid cancer?
Papillary
What is the most common malignancy of the testicles?
Seminoma
Which of the following is term for stones within the salivary duct?
Sialolithiasis
A 7-year-old boy presents to the emergency department with acute testicular pain localized to the superior pole of his right testis. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Torsion of the testicular appendage
During a sonographic examination of the right testis, you visualize multiple small cysts located along the mediastinum testis. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Tubular ectasia of the rete testis
Which of the following techniques is useful for providing sonographic evidence of a varicocele?
Valsalva maneuver
A 23-year-old man presents to the sonography department with a history of infertility. Which of the following is associated with male infertility?
Varicocele
A dilated group of veins found within the scrotum is called a:
Varicocele
What is the most common correctable cause of male infertility?
Varicocele
Which of the following is the duct that drains the submandibular gland?
Wharton duct
Which of the following best describes a spermatocele?
A cyst, found within the head of the epididymis, that may contain debris.
Which of the following is not a component of the spermatic cord?
Epididymis
A thyroid isthmus that measures greater than ___ is indicative of thyroid enlargement.
10mm
Secondary varicoceles are most likely associated with all of the following except:
Left-sided location
The endocrine function of the testicles is to produce:
Testosterone
What is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism?
Graves disease
A 45-year-old female patient presents to the sonography department with a palpable neck mass 6 months following a thyroidectomy for papillary carcinoma. Which of the following would be the most likely etiology of the palpable mass?
Lymphadenopathy
Which of the following would most likely resemble a solid intratesticular mass and be associated with Cushing syndrome?
Adrenal rest
Which of the following is a benign intratesticular mass that typically has a whorled or onion skin sonographic appearance?
Epidermoid cyst
What structure may be confused for a thyroid or parathyroid mass because of its relationship to the trachea and the posterior aspect of the left thyroid gland?
Esophagus
A common cyst most often seen in the head of the epididymis that contains nonviable sperm is the:
Spermatocele
Which muscle does fibromatosis colli mostly affect?
Sternocleidomastoid
What is the first branch of the external carotid artery?
Superior thyroid artery
The most common location of a varicocele is:
The left side of the scrotum
Which of the following would more likely be a malignant thyroid nodule?
Cold nodule
Which of the following is consistent with the sonographic features of the testicular abscess?
Hyperemic flow around the abscess but not within it
All of the following are sonographic findings consistent with the diagnosis of the testicular torsion except:
Hyperemic flow within the testis
Dilated veins of a varicocele will measure:
>2 mm
Enlargement of the prostate in older men is most often caused by:
Benign prostatic hypertrophy
The most common location of a hydrocele is:
Between the two layers of the tunica valinalis
A cystic mass noted at the mandibular angle is most likely a:
Branchial cleft cyst
The fluid produced by the thyroid gland that contains thyroid hormones is referred to as:
Colloid
What time of gland is the thyroid gland?
Endocrine
A simple fluid collection surrounding the testis is referred to as a:
Hydrocele
Which of the following is the most common form of salivary gland cancer?
Medullary carcinoma
A patient with hypercalcemia presents to the sonography department for a neck sonogram. What abnormality in the neck should be suspected?
Parathyroid adenoma
With which of the following is elevated serum calcium associated?
Parathyroid adenoma
Dinner syndrome consists of unilateral renal genesis, ejaculatory duct obstruction, and
Seminal vesicle cysts
Spermatogenesis occurs within the:
Seminiferous tubules
The most common germ cell tumor of the testis is the:
Seminoma
Acute onset of testicular pain at rest is a common clinical finding with:
Testicular torsion
In the presence of Hashimoto thyroiditis, the thyroid produces:
Too few thyroid hormones
The blue dot sign is indicative of:
Torsion of the testicular appendage
Which of the following houses the male urethra?
Corpus spongiosum
All of the following are sonographic findings of an abnormal lymph node except:
Echogenic hilum
The exocrine function of the testicles is to produce:
Sperm
What scrotal abnormality is caused by incompetent valves within the pampiniform plexus?
Varicocele
All of the following are sonographic findings of malignant thyroid nodules except:
Hyperechoic mass
What is the most common cancer found in men?
Prostate cancer
Which of the following is an autoimmune disease that affects the glands that produce moisture, leading to dysfunction of the salivary glands, and dryness of the eyes, nose, skin, and mouth?
Sjogren syndrome
The lack of the normal fixation of the testis to the posterior scrotal wall is referred to as:
Bell-clapper deformity
Parathyroid glands control the release and absorption of which nutrient?
Calcium
All of the following are diagnostic findings of a likely benign thyroid nodule except:
Cold nodule
Which of the following is associated with congenital muscular torticollis?
Fibromatosis colli
A 30-year-old patient presents to the sonography department for a thyroid sonogram with a history of weight loss, hair loss, and hyperthyroidism. You note that the patient has bulging eyes. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Graves disease
All of the following are hormones produced by the thyroid except:
Iodine
Which of the following does the thyroid gland utilize to produce its hormones?
Iodine
Which muscles are located lateral to each thyroid lobe?
Sternocleidomastoid
Which muscles are located anterior to the thyroid gland?
Strap
Normally, how many parathyroid glands are found with the adult neck?
4
What is the most common malignancy of the penis?
Squamous cell carcinoma
Which of the following best describes the normal appearance of a cervical lymph node?
A hypoechoic, oblong structure with a distinct echogenic hilum
All of the following are sonographic findings consistent with torsion of the testicular appendage except:
No intratesticular flow
You have been asked to perform a study to rule out cryptorchidism. The term cryptorchidism denotes:
One or both of the testicles have not descended into the scrotum
What laboratory value can be assessed as a tumor marker to evaluate a patient for testicular malignancy?
Alpha-Fetoprotien
