Survey of U.S. History Chapter 3-4

What is King William's War?

Began as a conflict over competing French and English interests on European continent

Who is John Smith?

A Jamestown leader named by King James

What is predestination?

A belief that God would determine who would be saved

What is indentured servitude?

A contract where men and boys work for someone for 7-8 years in order to pay for a way into Virginia

What is a joint-stock company?

A land grant King James gives in 1607 so English can establish colonies in North America

Significance of Slave Trade.

A massive movement of people from one continent to many and it was the foundation of a massive economy.

What is mercantilism?

A system where colonies are built and maintains the Mother Country

Who is William Penn?

An English Quaker

Who is Roger Williams?

Banned Massachusetts for challenging consensus, called for separation of church and state, and wanted fair treament for Indians.

Middle Passage

Brutal voyage of slave ships laden with human cargo from Africa to Americas

What were the main exports of New England?

Cod, whale meat/fat/oil, and timber

Old Light Clergy

Colonial clergy from established churches who support religious status quo

What are proprietary colonies?

Colonies granted to individuals rather than held directly by the crown

Slave laws

Defined slavery as a distinct status based on racial identity and passed through future generations

Who were not trying to have a relationship with the Native Americans?

English

What is the Navigation Act?

English law that goods has to be transported through English ports on an English ship to benefit the English people

Significance of the Lost Colony of Roanoke in 1585?

English's first attempt to start a colony in North America.

Who were the indentured servants?

European women and men who worked in exchange for passage in America.

Patriarchal Family

Fathers have absolute authority over wives, children, and servants

Impressment

Forced enlistment of civilians into army or navy

Significance of Bacon's Rebellion (1676).

Former indentured servants and poor farmers' uprising due to not having enough land

Who were brutal to African slave labor in the Caribbean?

French and English

Between the French and the Native Americans, what good was traded?

Fur

What were the main exports of Canada?

Fur and Beaver (for hats)

Pietists

German Protestants who decried power of established churches and urged people to follow their hearts in spiritual matters

Why is the Atlantic System a better representation than a Triangular Trade Network?

Goods were traded back and forth from different colonies in all types of directions.

In 1619, Virginia established a local governing body known as ____.

House of Burgesses

Significance of the Plymouth Plantation.

Half of the Pilgrim population died in 2-3 months because of smallpox and later the Wampanoag Indians allied with them; development of Thanksgiving

What led to family orientated farming practice in the English colonies?

Having a larger number of women than the French settlements.

Who is Anne Hutchinson?

Held prayer meetings and opposed the Puritan ministers.

How did Alice Thomas endanger Winthrop's idea?

Her actions disturbed the peace; encouraged others to sin; did not show a good example of how the Puritans live.

Redemptioners

Immigrants who borrowed money from shipping agents to cover costs of transport to America

Significance of the Atlantic System.

It connected North America to the West Indies for trade by the English.

In order to get sugar plantations, where did Europeans have to go?

Jamaica

Where did the English settle into in 1607 where the land was fertile for growing crops?

Jamestown

What are the main differences between Jamestown and Plymouth settlements?

Jamestown was profit based and was founded by joint stock company. Plymouth was religion based and founded by pilgrims who were kicked out of England

Significance of "City on a Hill"

John Winthrop's development of rules and regulations for the Puritan society. It is supposed to set a good example to the other colonies.

What is Tuscarora War?

Launched by Tuscarora Indians against European settlers in North Carolina

Where did the Puritans migrate to?

Massachusetts

What written constitution followed the Pilgrims' model of a self-governing religious congregation?

Mayflower Compact

Who had modern day Canada and the Ohio Valley?

Native Americans

What is the War of the Spanish Succession?

Over control of Spain and its colonies

Yamasee War

Pan-Indian war led by Yamasee who intended to oust the British from South Carolina

Who are the Pilgrims?

People who sought withdrawal from Church of England; known as Separatists

Whose social structure was strict, everyone were subservient to God, and all obeyed the men?

Puritans

What is the Glorious Revolution?

Rebellion that forced James II from the English throne and replaced by William and Mary in 1688

What were the main exports of Southern Colonies?

Rice and indigo

Great Awakening

Series of religious revivals in colonial America

What did Alice Thomas do?

She sold alcohol without a license to children, and gave people space to have sex outside of marriages

In 1700s, what kind of trade did England control to the New World?

Slave Trade

The developement of Quebec City (1608) and of Montreal (1643) was in ____.

St. Lawrence Valley

What goods were produced in the Caribbean?

Sugar, molasses, and rum

How does mercantilism relate to the American colonies?

The colonies are the ones who produce goods that goes to the Mother Country

How did the French become the wealthiest colony in the 1700s?

The establishment of the sugar plantains in the Caribbean (Haiti).

Why did some Europeans settled in Plymouth?

They came to North America to escape religous persecutions and were pusehd out of Viriginia.

The British used Bermuda for what purpose?

To stop and refuel their ships.

What was the main export of the Middle Colonies?

Tobacco

How did the French trade with modern day Cananda, and create an empire stretching from Quebec to New Orleans?

Traveling up and down the Mississippi River

What is the Pueblo revolt of 1680?

Uprising of Pueblo Indians against Spanish in New Mexico

What is the fastest and cheapest way to trade, and usually where Europeans settled?

Water