TB Q's Exam 1

Jaundice is a common manifestation of a.malabsorption syndromes. b.anemia. c.liver disease. d.cholecystitis.

C. Liver Disease

Absorption of glucose and amino acids across the intestinal epithelium occurs by A. endocytosis. B. ATP-driven transporters. C. sodium-dependent carriers. D. passive diffusion.

C. Sodium-dependent carriers

An early indicator of colon cancer is a. rectal pain. b. bloody diarrhea. c. a change in bowel habits. d. jaundice.

C. a change in bowel habits

An urgent surgical consult is indicated for the patient with acute abdominal pain and a.vomiting. b.CVA tenderness. c.absent bowel tones. d.borborygmi.

C. absent bowel tones

The most common cause of mechanical bowel obstruction is a. volvulus. b. intussusception. c. adhesions. d. fecal impaction.

C. adhesions

Which of the following clinical findings would suggest an esophageal rather than an oropharyngeal cause of dysphagia? a. Nasal regurgitation b. Airway obstruction with swallowing c. Chest pain during meals d. Coughing when swallowing

C. chest pain during meals

Epigastric pain that is relieved by food is suggestive of a. pancreatitis. b. cardiac angina. c. gastric ulcer. d. dysphagia.

C. gastric ulcer

Which of the following can be absorbed through the intestinal epithelia without further digestion? a.Sucrose b.Lactose c.Glucose d.Glycogen

C. glucose

Brush border enzymes are produced by _______cells A.pancreatic acinar B. gastric mucosa C.intestinal epithelial D. goblet

C. intestinal epithelial

Brain injury secondary to high serum bilirubin is called a.hepatic encephalopathy. b.hepatic meningitis. c.kernicterus. d.encephalitis.

C. kernicterus

Most of the parasympathetic innervation of the GI tract is supplied by the a.hypoglossal nerves. b.enteric nervous system. c.vagus nerves. d.celiac ganglia.

C. vagus nerve

Histamine antagonists may be used in the management of peptic ulcer disease to a. increase gastric motility. b. inhibit secretion of pepsinogen. c. neutralize gastric acid. d. decrease hydrochloric acid (HCl) secretion.

D. decrease HCL and secretion

A silent abdomen 3 hours after bowel surgery most likely indicates a. peritonitis. b. mechanical bowel obstruction. c. perforated bowel. d.functional bowel obstruction.

D. functional bowel obstruction

Hepatic encephalopathy is associated with a.hyperbilirubinemia. b.hyperuricemia. c.toxic effects of alcohol on brain cells. d.increased blood ammonia levels.

D. increased blood ammonia levels

All of the following would stimulate secretion from gastric parietal cells except? A. acetylcholine. B. histamine. C. gastrin D. norepinephrine.

D. norephinephrine

Esophageal varices may develop as a complication of liver disease. Pathophysiologically, this condition can be attributed to a.elevated bilirubin. b.diminished protein metabolism. c.fluid accumulation. d.portal hypertension.

D. portal hypertension

the primary stimulus for pancreatic secretion is A. gastrin B. histamine C. acetylcholine D.secretin

D. secretin

Parasympathetic stimulation of the stomach would? a.decrease motility. b.decrease hydrogen chloride secretion. c.inhibit acidity. d.stimulate motility.

D. stimulate motility

herniations in the bowel wall

diverticulosis

difficulty swallowing

dysphasia

stasis and involuntary leakage of stool

encopresis

A reduction in lower esophageal sphincter tone helps reduce gastroesophageal reflux. T/F

false

Diverticulitis usually is asymptomatic. T/F

false

Painful swallowing

odynophagia

Acute right lower quadrant pain associated with rebound tenderness and systemic signs of inflammation are indicative of a.appendicitis. b.peritonitis. c.cholecystitis. d.gastritis.

A. appendicitis

Ulcerative colitis is commonly associated with a.bloody diarrhea. b.malabsorption of nutrients. c.fistula formation between loops of bowel. d. inflammation and scarring of the submucosal layer of the bowel.

A. bloody diarrhea

Which of the following is associated with relaxation of the sphincter of Oddi? a.Cholecystokinin b.Morphine c.Norepinephrine d.Gastrin

A. cholecystokinin

In which of the following cases would it be inappropriate to manage dyspepsia with an empiric trial of an H2 blocker? a. Concomitant dysphagia b. Chronic use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs c. Dyspepsia occurring after meals d. Dyspepsia relieved by meals

A. concomitant dysphagia

bile is manufactured by A. hepatocytes B. biliary acini C. pancreatic δ cells. D. gallbladder epithelium

A. hepatocytes

Celiac sprue is a malabsorptive disorder associated with a.inflammatory reaction to gluten-containing foods. b.megacolon at regions of autonomic denervation. c.ulceration of the distal colon and rectum. d.deficient production of pancreatic enzymes.

A. inflammatory reaction to gluten-containing foods

chief cells secrete A.pepsinogen B.hydrogen chloride C. intrinsic factor D. gastrin

A. pepsinogen

which of the following statements regarding pepsin is true? a. It is secreted by parietal cells in gastric pits. b.It is secreted as an inactive proenzyme. c.It actually complishes most of the digestion of dietary protein. d.It is permanently denatured by a pH less than 4.0.

B it is secreted as an inactive proenzyme

Which of the following enzymes is proteolytic? a.Amylase b.Chymotrypsin c.Lactase d.Lipase

B. Chymotrypsin

The structure and secretions of the salivary gland most closely resemble those of the A.gastric gland B. exocrine pancreas C.liver D.gallbladder

B. Exocrine Pancreas

A Barrett esophagus is a. best managed with H2 antagonists. b. a preneoplastic lesion. c.a benign condition. d.a gastrin-secreting tumor.

B. a preneoplastic lesion

Combined dysphagia with both solids and liquids is typical of a. esophageal stricture. b. achalasia. c. esophageal tumors. d. Mallory-Weiss syndrome

B. achalasia

A patient who should be routinely evaluated for peptic ulcer disease is one who is a. taking 6 to 8 tablets of acetaminophen per day. b. being treated with high-dose oral glucocorticoids. c. experiencing work-related stress. d. routinely drinking alcoholic beverages.

B. being treated with high-dose oral glucocorticoids

Which of the following findings should prompt further diagnostic testing in a child presenting with diarrhea? a. Periumbilical discomfort b. Greenish, watery diarrhea c. Frequent, large-volume diarrhea d. Blood and mucus in the stools

B. greenish, watery diarrhea

Which of the following symptoms suggests the presence of a hiatal hernia? a. Nausea b. Heartburn c. Diarrhea d. Abdominal cramps

B. heartburn

Which of the following forms of viral hepatitis is likely to be transmitted sexually? a. Hepatitis A b. Hepatitis B c. Hepatitis C d. Hepatitis E

B. hep B

Fecal leukocyte screening would be indicated in a patient with suspected a. lactose intolerance. b. inflammatory bowel disease. c. laxative abuse. d. giardiasis.

B. inflammatory bowel disease

Liver transaminase elevations in which (AST) is greater than (ALT) by a 2:1 ratio is characteristic of a.viral hepatitis. b.alcohol-induced injury. c.cirrhosis. d.acetaminophen toxicity.

B.Alcohol-induced injury

Hemochromatosis is a common genetic disorder that may lead to chronic liver failure. Which of the following laboratory data would support a diagnosis of hemochromatosis? a.Deficient protease inhibitor b.Elevated ferritin c.Elevated urine copper d.Positive antinuclear antibody

B.Elevated ferritin

Most nutrient digestion and absorption occurs in the a.stomach. b.small intestine. c.large intestine. d.cecum.

B.Small intestine

Pancreatic secretions are high in A.hydrochloric acid. b.bicarbonate ions. c.intrinsic factor. d.secretin.

Bicarbonate ions

An increased urine bilirubin is associated with a.an increased indirect serum bilirubin. b.hemolytic reactions. c.Gilbert syndrome. d.hepatitis.

D. Hepatitis

A viral hepatitis screen with positive hepatitis B surface antigen, positive anti-HB core IgM, and negative anti-HB surface IgG should be interpreted as _____ hepatitis B. a.recovered from . b.immunity to c.chronic active d.acute

D. active

Which of the following findings would rule out a diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome in a patient with chronic diarrhea? a.Negative stool leukocytes b.Intermittent constipation c.Abdominal pain and distention d.Bloody stools

D. bloody stools

Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis are two types of irritable bowel syndrome. T/F

False

Distention of the cecum results in relaxation of ileocecal sphincter T/F

False

Liver cancer usually is a primary cancer arising from hepatic cells T/F

False

in general, activation of sympathetic nerves to the GI tract increases motility and secretion T/F

False

the longitudinal layer is composed of striated muscle, whereas the circular layer is composed of the smooth muscle T/F

False

Hepatitis A and Hepatitis C are transmitted through contaminated food and water T/F

False A and E

Hepatitis C is a chronic condition in about 85% of cases T/F

T

Esophagitis pain is similar in location and pattern to myocardial chest pain. T/F

True

Gastric emptying is inhibited by high fat concentrations in the duodenum T/F

True

Hepatitis A is a self-limiting infection that does not have a chronic carrier state T/F

True

Long-term use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory medications and infection with Helicobacter pylori are causative factors in peptic ulcer disease T/F

True

liver transaminases are increased in the serum when hepatocytes are injured T/F

True

the myenteric plexus lies between the longitudinal and circular muscle layers of the GI tract T/F

True

absence of peristalsis in a portion of the esophagus

achalasia