Telecommunication Exam 1
HTTP
protocol used for websites
UTP
stands for Unshielded Twisted Pair (example: phone line, Ethernet)
$ pwd
stands for print working directory and its a command when you're lost then type this
$ cat
the command that displays the content of your file on the monitor.
Web2
the current state of online technology as it compares to the early days of the Web, characterized by greater user interactivity and collaboration, more pervasive network connectivity and enhanced communication channels.
Root
top level directory ( the god of unix)
Dynamic IP
Addressing assigns a different IP address each time the ISP customer logs on to their computer.
Static IP
Addressing is for one customer on one IP address.
Internet2
Advanced networking consortium of more than 350 member institution working in partnership to facilitate the development, deployment, and use of revolutionary internet technologies. Provides a next-generation, nationwide 100 Gbps network.
Fiber-optic cable
Consists of up to hundreds of strands of glass or plastic that use light to transmit data.
Browser cookies
Cookies are text files retained on computers by browsers containing various information in regards to a specific website visit.
IPconfig
Gives you IP number of your machine one works on Microsoft
Backbone
High bandwidth fiber optic cable that transports data across the internet.
WiMAX
High-speed, medium range broadband wireless metropolitan area network. Stands for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access.
HTML
Hypertext Markup Language, a standardized system for tagging text files to achieve font, color, graphic, and hyperlink effects on WWW pages.
HTTP
Hypertext transfer protocol and is defined as the beginning of most website addresses used to signal request to receive or transmit files over the internet.
SMTP
Simple mail transfer protocol is used when email is delivered from an email client, such as Outlook Express, to an email server or when email is delivered from one email server to another.
Innovation
Stages of the Internet 1961-1974
Institutionalization
Stages of the Internet 1975-1995
Commercialization
Stages of the Internet 1995
XML
Stands for Extensible Markup Language. Programming language but better than HTML.
URL
Stands for Uniform Resource Locater which is the address used by a web browser to identify the location of the web.
DHCP server
The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol is a network protocol used to assign IP addresses and provide configuration information to devices such as servers, desktops or mobile devices, so they can communicate on a network using the Internet Protocol(IP)
Disadvantage of cloud computing
The disadvantage is that firms become totally dependent on their cloud service providers.
Topology
The physical and logical structure of a network. The arrangement of the various elements (links, nodes, etc.) of a computer network.
Wifi
The range is a radius of 100 meters. High-speed, fixed broadband wireless.
T1
They are large pipes used to transport digital voice and data signals from a business location to the internet of dedicated destination. A dedicated server and is 1.5 Mbps.
Local Network Access Protocol (NAP) Layer
This is the part of your system that is concerned with how you communicate with your local network, whether is Ethernet or token ring.
Physical Layer
This is the physical connection whether is using a Network Interface Card or with a modem to connect to the local network.
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) layer
This layer concerns how data can be reliably transferred over the network.
Internet Protocol (IP) Layer
This layer handles address and routing of the network.
Circuit switching
Use a methodology of implementing a telecommunications network in which two network nodes establish a "dedicated" communication line through the network before the nodes may be communicated. Example is a phone line.
Internet of Things (IoT)
Use of the internet to connect a wide variety of devices, machines, and sensors.
Centralized Computing
Using your computer as a terminal to a central computer.
VOIP
Voice over IP means packet switching. (Comcast, skype, cell phone apps) Your voice gets converted to packet switching.
3G
Cellular networks that have data rates of 384kbit/s and more.
GUI
A graphical user interface is a human-computer interface that uses windows, icons and menus and which can be manipulated by a mouse (and often to a limited extent by a keyboard as well).
XML
A markup language specification developed by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) that is designed to describe data and information.
Packet switching
A mode of data transmission in which a message is broken into a number of sequences that are sent independently, over whatever route is optimum for each packet, and reassembled at the destination. It has headers and data section decided by the protocol and it directed by the router.
Telnet
A network protocol that allows a user on one computer to log onto another computer that is part of the same network.
World Wide Web (WWW)
A service offered on the internet that allows documents to be connected to other documents by hypertext links. (HTTP protocol).
Multi-User operating system
A term describing an operating system of application program that can be used by several people concurrently.
Operating system
Allows you to control all the resources of the machine
Protocol
An agreed-upon format for transmitting data between two devices. When computers communicate with each other, there needs to be a common set of rules and instructions that each computer follows.
Intranet
An internal use, private network inside an organization that uses the same kind of software which would also be found on the internet
Application Layer
Application layer defines generic available network application or services the Internet can support.
Resource
Applications Keyboards Hard disk Mouse
IP addresses
Are assigned as part of connecting to a network, is also assigned to every device on a network so that device can be located on that network.
Mac addresses
Are assigned at the time hardware is manufactured and is best thought of as kind of serial number assigned to every network adapter.
2G
Are the first digital cellular systems launched the early 1990s, offering improved sound quality, better security and higher total capacity.
Node
Device on the network (go into/out of the network).
T3
Digital dedicated wire the speed is 45 mbps.
Router
Directing trafficking behind the scene on the internet. Sends packets one step closer to the destination.
Wi-Fi
Wireless standard for Ethernet networks with greater speed and range than Bluetooth
IPv6
Internet address is 128 bit (2^128), it can support more addresses than IPv4
DSL
Is a wireline transmission technology that transmits data faster over traditional copper telephones lines already installed to homes and business. Use your own phone line for the internet to give you higher speed.
Command line o/s interface
Is means of interacting with a computer program where the user (or client) issues commands to the program in the form of successive lines of text (command lines).
TCP
Is one of the main protocols in TCP/IP networks. Whereas the IP protocol deals only with packets, it enables two hosts to establish a connection and exchange streams of data. It's in charge of applications, it makes the packets as well.
IP
Is the protocol by which data is sent from one computer to another on the internet. It transfers packets.
Advantages of cloud computing
It reduces the cost of building and operating websites because firms can obtain these firms can obtain these services through the internet for a fraction of the cost of owning.
Domain name system
It's a system that expresses numeric IP addresses in natural language.
Internet
World's largest public network (TCP/IP protocol).
Bandwidth
Measures how much data can be transferred over a communications medium within a fixed period of time and is usually expressed in bits per second(bps). 1000 bits per second is 1 kilobit per second. The speed in bps is equal to the number of bits transmitted or received each second.
Cloud computing
Model of computing in which firms and individual obtain computing power and software over the internet.
Cable
Modem service enables cable operators to provide broadband using this same coaxial cables that deliver pictures and sound to your TV set.
Without operating systems
Nothing will work on your machine
Ping
Packet InterNet Groper is a utility program that allows you to check the connection between a client computer and a TCP/IP. Sends packet to a machine to see if its connected.
Domain name server
Physical machine, that has a database that converts the IP address to domain name.
Extranet
Private network that uses the internet protocols and the public telecommunication system to securely share part of a business's information or operations with suppliers, vendors, partners, customers, and other business.
Satellite
Provide links for broadband, is another form of wireless broadband, is also useful for serving remote or sparsely populated areas.
Services
Provide the services for the client.
Bluetooth
Provides a way to connect and exchange information between devices such as mobile phones, laptops, PCs, printers, digital cameras, and video game consoles over a secure, globally unlicensed short-range radio frequency (10 meters).
Broadband
Refers to any communication technology that permits clients to play streaming audio and files at acceptable speeds generally above 100 kps which are faster than narrow band. Example is DSL, cable internet
4G
Refers to the fourth generation of mobile phone communication standards. (Example: LTE and WiMax)
Client
Request service, always asked for services.
Routing
Send packets one step closer to their destination
$ who am i
Show who you are (user)
Working Directory
Where you were at the moment
Home directory
Where you were when you login
$ who
Who's into your system, how many is in the system. Show all the users.
$ cd ..
change directory going up
$ cd
command back home
$ cp
command that copies the original file with a new name
$ cd /filename
command that goes to the absolute file
$ ls
command that list all files and folders
$ ls -al
command that show files in long format
$ ls -a
command that shows all files including hidden files
$ cd (name of Directory)
command to go back down a directory
IPv4
internet address is a 32-bit number (2^32) that appears as a series of four separate numbers marked off by periods.
HTML
is a computer language devised to allow website creation.
Internet
is a network which is for public
Router
is a special purpose computer that interconnects the different computer networks that make up the internet and routes packets along to their ultimate destination as they travel.
Tracert
is one of several route tracing utilities that allow you to follow the path of a message you send from your client to a remote computer on the internet.
Narrowband
is the traditional telephone modem connection operating at 56.6 kps. Example is telephone cable
Remote login
login from a computer to another computer.