Test 1

Who taught Washoe (an ape) American Sign Language?

Allen and Beatrix Gardener

Koko and Washo were two primates who had learned

American Sign Language

The famous group of hominins known as the Neanderthals is included in which of the following groups?

Archaic Homo sapiens

According to the "Survival of the Fittest" video , what trait of the Rock Pocket Mouse was best adapted to survival on the lava flow?

Dark fur

Who was responsible for the theory of social evolution?

E.B. Tylor

The so-called cannibal forks of the Fijians were of great interest to collectors in England because

English collectors interpreted Fijians as savages and wanted examples of their savagery for the collections they displayed in their homes

Collections in a museum are a completely reliable way to establish the ownership of an object.

False

Languages always change very slowly, taking generations or even centuries.

False

"Evolution as Fact and Theory" uses all of the following are arguments to support evolution as fact EXCEPT:

Genetic evidence proving modern humans descended from chimpanzees

What was the fate of Kennewick Man?

He has been buried by members of the Columbia Basin Tribes

How would you describe Edward Tylor's evolutionary theories?

He studied the history of human society from simple to complex technology and social institutions (from so-called savagery to civilization)

The name most closely associated with the system traditionally used to classify living things is:

Linnaeus

Becoming Human: The _______________ is a deep furrow in a primate's brain. It divides parts of the brain related to vision from the rest of the neocortex, which is where more complex thought happens.

Lunate Sulcas

This assumes a close relationship between language and culture and claims that language defines people's experiences

Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis

"Why Isn't the Sky Blue": What conclusion did Prime Minister William Gladstone make about how the Greeks saw color?

They were colorblind

The primary result of natural selection is:

To maintain a species' adaptation to its niche

Archaeologists are making a mistake when they clean samples of potsherds for analysis.

True

The World Heritage Site program can only delist sites if the host country fails to protect it. Correct!

True

The stereotype that Tahitian women were sexually promiscuous emerged almost overnight after the arrival of Captain Samuel Wallis in 1767, when Tahitians recognized that the British had steel that the crew would exchange for sexual favors.

True

In "Radio Lab: Why Isn't the Sky Blue", how did Guy Deutsher's daughter Alma initially describe the sky?

White

According to "Our Babies Ourselves", the goal of child-rearing in any society is to make the child:

a culturally appropriate adult

The Greek philosopher Aristotle proposed that all life was arranged in

a great chain of being

Research committed to making social change and improving the lives of marginalized people is called

action research

An ethical approach to anthropological research would emphasize

all of the above

Which of the following is a contributing factor to the development of creoles, pidgins, and other hybrid forms of language?

all of the above

Which of the following is a feature of language?

all of the above

Studying another culture from its own point of view without imposing our own cultural values is known as:

cultural relativism

The process of managing and preserving prehistoric and historic heritage, usually through the collection of material objects, is referred to as

cultural resource management

The ability of African cichlids, a popular pet fish, to develop highly similar body shapes despite coming from two different and geographically distant environments is an example of

developmental bias

When children in the United States reach a certain age, they often move out of their parents' home and into their own living space, something anthropologists refer to as

dispersal

What kind of data do anthropologists gather from doing interviews? A) terms for biological species B) details about court cases C) life histories D) opinions on upcoming elections E) all of the above

e

Cultural relativism is important because it helps anthropologists understand and defend all the things that people in other cultures do.

false

A form of non-portable material culture that a human has made and modified is called a/an____________.

feature

The theory of culture that proposes that cultural practices, beliefs, and institutions fulfill the psychological and physical needs of society is called

functionalism

Which method would be best when doing a study on the genetic propensity for cancer in a given population?

genealogical method

Uniformitarianism is the idea that change occurs:

gradually and through the result of processes that are still observable today.

Alfred Russell Wallace is known for:

hitting upon the idea of natural selection at about the same time as Darwin

Which hominin was the first stone tool maker (according to the lecture)?

homo habilis

The key scenario differs from other kinds of symbols because it

implies how people should act

The use of mock Spanish reinforces a common impression that Hispanic people are socially inferior. This is an example of the power of which of the following?

language ideology

One of the obvious challenges that a museum faces in the acquisition, presentation, and description of objects from other cultures revolves around differences in

meaning

The process by which inheritable traits are passed along to offspring because they are better suited to the environment is

natural selection

Which of the following is NOT one of the four major sub-fields of anthropology?

paleontology

Which type of interaction may include playing basketball, cooking, dining, or having coffee with informants?

participant observation

Norms are stable because

people learn them when they are young

The structuralist approach to culture theorizes what?

people make sense of the world through binary oppositions (e.g., raw/cooked)

Reconnaissance work in archaeology is also known as:

phase I

Discovery of an archaic human in the Denisova cave, which consisted of a finger bone and two teeth, has allowed paleoanthropologists to

reconstruct their genome

In anthropology, holism refers to:

seeking to understand how all aspects of our species are related

Primates rely extensively on all the characteristics listed below except You Answered

sense of smell

The ability to document changes in pottery styles in non-living societies happens through

seriation

If you wanted to have consistent responses, what kind of interview would you use?

survey interview

Reading your textbook is an example of

symbolic learning

Native American tribes using CRM differ from non-Indian agencies in how they view heritage management, because the latter almost always see heritage resources as

tangible things that can be studied scientifically

Gregor Mendel's findings about inheritance among pea plants stemmed from what key ability that he possessed?

the ability to observe closely

One compelling argument that favors the adaptation of bipedalism and the ability to run long distances is that early hominins, unlike many of the animals they sought as prey, had

the ability to sweat

A qualitative approach to studying social life in your university would emphasize all of the following except

the construction of statistical models to explain activities in the community

Just before World War II anthropologists Alfred Kroeber and Jane Richardson published one of the earliest analyses of a modern commodity, focusing in particular on women's skirts. If you were going to build on their study by examining basketball shorts and jerseys, which of the following would you collect data about?

the length of basketball shorts from one period to another

An evolutionary perspective would be most likely to explain colonialism as

the natural abilities of more civilized people to control less civilized people

The emergence of increased cultural capacity in H. erectus can be seen in their changed diet, tools, and

the use of fire and cooking

Males and females in a given primate population may be co-dominant

true

According to "Our Babies Ourselves", in the United States, individualism is valued highly, so generally parents do not hold their babies as much as other cultures.

true.

The comparative method

uses data from many different societies

Which of the following is not one of the ways that objects change over time?

an object always becomes less valuable and less significant as it ages and deteriorates over long periods of time

The subfield of anthropology that studies human diversity, beliefs, and practice is called

cultural anthropology

Which of the following is NOT a concept key to the human culture as discussed in the lecture?

culture is isolated

During fieldwork, cultural anthropologists A) earn the local language B) record people's C) economic transactions D) study how environmental changes affect agriculture E) all of the above

e.

One of the useful results of a phylogeny is to show that

each lineage has a unique history, and thus no organism is "more evolved"

The refinement of Darwin's theory has shown that

evolution can only be measured or seen across generations within a population

According to the lecture, in order for an explanation to be defined as scientific, it must be:

testable