Test Questions MedSurg

Late symptoms of laryngeal cancer include which of the following. Select all that apply. A. Dyspnea B. Dysphagia C. Persistent hoarseness D. Sore throat E. Burning in throat

A, B

A client with hypertension has a blood pressure of 132/88 mmHg. For which type of hypertension will the nurse prepare teaching for this client? A. Prehypertensions B. Stage I hypertension C. Elevated D. Stage II hypertension

A. Prehypertensions

Which condition(s) indicated target organ damage from untreated/undertreated hypertension? Select all that apply. A. Diabetes B. Stroke C. Retinal damage D. Heart failure E. Hyperlipidemia

B, C, D

A client with asthma is prescribed an inhaled corticosteroid. For which reason will the nurse recommend that a small volume nebulizer (SVN) be used to provide the medication to the client? A. Client needs to exhale through the device B. Client has rheumatic arthritis C. Client needs to hold breath after inhalation D. Medication requires rapid inhalation

B. Client has rheumatic arthritis

A client has entered the postanesthesia care unit following sinus surgery. What will the nurse monitor for closely during the postoperative period? A. Septal hematoma B. Periorbital edema C. Repeated swallowing D. Cerebrospinal fluid drainage

C. Repeated swallowing

A client who is resting quietly reports chest pain to the nurse. The cardiac monitor indicated the presence of reversible ST-segment elevation. What type of angina is the client experiencing? A. Stable angina B. Intractable angina C. Variant angina D. Silent angina

C. Variant angina

Which of the following is a noninvasive method of continuously monitoring the oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (SaO2)? A. Pulmonary function testing B. Sputum studies C. Arterial blood gas analysis D. Pulse oximetry

D. Pulse oximetry

A nurse assesses a client with crackles. What medical condition should the nurse suspect? Select all that apply. A. Pulmonary fibrosis B. A collapsed alveoli C. Chronic bronchitis D. Pneumothorax E. Asthma

A, B, C, E

What is the drug of choice for a stable client with ventricular tachycardia? A. Procainamide B. Atropine C. Lidocaine D. Amiodarone

B. Atropine

Which condition is likely to predispose a client with congestive heart failure to developing a serious arrhythmia? A. Sinus tachycardia B. Myocardial ischemia C. Heart block D. Ventricular tachycardia

B. Myocardial ischemia

The nurse witnesses a client experiencing ventricular fibrillation. What is the nurse's priority action? A. IV bolus of atropine B. Cardioversion C. Defibrillation D. IV bolus of dobutamine

C. Defibrillation

A patient comes to the emergency department (ED) and is admitted with epistaxis. Pressure has been applied to the patient's midline septum for 10 minutes but the bleeding continues. What treatment will best control the bleeding? A. Suction B. Nasal spray C. Nasal plugs D. Silver nitrate applicators

D. Silver nitrate applicators

A client who has jsut been diagnosed with hypertension has been instructed to take a daily blood pressure measurement. Diastolic blood pressure reading measures arterial pressure during: A. Atrial filling B. Ventricular filling C. Atrial relaxation D. Ventricular relaxation

D. Ventricular relaxation

Tuberculosis is transmitted most commonly through inhalation of droplets. True/False

True

The health care provider has ordered continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) with the delivery of oxygenation. The patient asks the nurse what the benefit of CPAP is. What would be the nurse's best response? A. CPAP allows a higher percentage of oxygen to be used B. CPAP alters alveolar perfusion C. CPAP prevents the collapse of the patient's airway D. CPAP eliminates the need for oxygen supplementation during the day

C. CPAP prevents the collapse of the patient's airway

A nurse caring for a client with deep vein thrombosis must be especially alert for complications such as pulmonary embolism. Which findings suggest pulmonary embolism? A. Hypertension and lack of fever B. Nonproductive cough and abdominal pain C. Chest pain and dyspnea D. Bradypnea and bradycardia

C. Chest pain and dyspnea

The perioperative nurse is writing a care plan for a client who has returned from surgery 2 hours ago. Which measure should the nurse implement to most decrease the client's risk of developing pulmonary emboli (PE)? A. Administering aspirin with warfarin B. Maintaining the client in a supine position C. Early ambulation D. Increased dietary intake of protein

C. Early ambulation

Which is a modifiable risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD)? A. Race B. Increasing age C. Hypertension D. Gender

C. Hypertension

What is the treatment of choice for ventricular fibrillation? A. Pacemaker B. Atropine C. Immediate bystander CPR D. Implanted defibrillator

C. Immediate bystander CPR

A client diagnosed with hypertension informs that they are not taking prescribed antihypertensive medications due to an absence of symptoms. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse? A. Suggest that the client try an herbal supplement instead B. Inform the client there should be no problems as long as a low sodium diet is maintained C. Inform the client that this is why hypertension is known as "the silent killer" D. Inform the client that remaining unmedicated is all right in conjunction with routine follow-ups

C. Inform the client that this is why hypertension is known as "the silent killer"

A client reports dyspnea, fatigue, and having had a persistent productive cough for the last few months, which the client attributes to a bout with the flu. The nurse suspects that this client may have... A. Pleural effusion B. Pleurisy C. Lung cancer D. Lung abscess

C. Lung cancer

The exact cause(s) of essential hypertension are still unknown, but research is still continuing. Current research in this field has associated hypertension with: A. Moderate exercise B. Low calcium levels C. Not enough fluid intake D. Being native american

C. Not enough fluid intake

The nurse is providing education to a client diagnosed with acute rhinosinusitis. For which possible complication should the nurse teach the client to seek immediate follow-up care? A. Clear drainage from nose B. Headache unrelieved by over-the-counter medications C. Periorbital edema D. Blood-tinged mucus when blowing the nose

C. Periorbital edema

The nurse is caring for a client who has returned to the unit following a bronchoscopy. The client is asking for something to drink. Which criterion will determine when the nurse should allow the client to drink fluids? A. Ability to demonstrate deep inspiration B. Oxygen saturation of greater than or equal to 92% C. Presence of a cough and gag reflex D. Absence of nausea

C. Presence of a cough and gag reflex

The nurse assesses a healthy middle-aged client with a blood pressure of 158/90 mmHg. In which classification of hypertension is the client according to the latest guidelines? A. Stage II hypertension B. Normal blood pressure C. Stage I hypertension D. Elevated blood pressure

C. Stage I hypertension

The nurse is obtaining a health history from a client with a blood pressure of 146/88 mmHg. The client states that lifestyle changes have not been effective in lowering blood pressure. Which medication classification does the nurse anticipate first? A. ACE inhibitors B. Beta-blockers C. Thiazide diuretic D. Calcium channel blocker

C. Thiazide diuretic

When on atrial impulse is conducted through the AV nose into the ventricles, the client is said to be experiencing which type of AV block? A. Second degree, type I B. Second degree, type II C. Third degree D. First degree

C. Third degree

The client has returned to the floor with a transthoracic pacemaker ready to be connected. The nurse knows that a transthoracic pacemaker is a temporary pacemaker used in what situation? A. Transthoracic pacemakers are used after a coronary bypass graft surgery B. Transthoracic pacemakers are used for tachyarrhythmias C. Transthoracic pacemakers are used in a client who has had open heart surgery D. Transthoracic pacemakers are used when a client has an MI

C. Transthoracic pacemakers are used in a client who has had open heart surgery

During the winter, increased instances of acute bronchitis cause a backlog of physician appointments that spill over into ED visits. What is the most common cause of acute bronchitis infections? A. Chemical irritation B. Bronchial asthma C. Viral infections D. Bacterial infections

C. Viral infections

The nurse is interpreting blood gases for a client with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)> Which set of blood gas values indicates respiratory acidosis? A. pH 7.47, PaCO2 28, HCO3 30 B. pH 7.87, PaCO2 38, HCO3 28 C. pH 7.25, PaCO2 48, HCO3 24 D. pH 7.49, PaCO2 34, HCO3 25

C. pH 7.25, PaCO2 48, HCO3 24

The nurse is assessing a client with hypertension. Which actions will the nurse take when measuring the client's blood pressure? Select all that apply. A. Measure two readings, 1 to 2 minutes apart B. Center the cuff bladder over the brachial artery C. Place the client's arm at the level of the heart D. Wrap the cuff firmly around the arm E. Have the client sit with legs crossed

A, B, C, D

The nurse is caring for a client recovering form an acute myocardial infarction (MI). Which outcome indicates that care provided to maintain adequate tissue perfusion has been effective? Select all that apply. A. Normal sinus rhythm at 72 bpm B. Awake, alert, and oriented C. Urine output 60 mL/hr D. Blood pressure 118/60 mm Hg E. Rates pain as 0 on a scale of 0-10

A, B, C, D

A client with a 60-pack-year history is diagnosed with emphysema. The client is 100 lbs. overweight and is having significant problems with fatigue and oxygenation. How would the nurse instruct this client and the client's family? Select all that apply. A. Eat a well-balanced diet. B. Drink extra fluids as indicated C. Consolidate activities to the morning D. Take frequent rests during the day E. Avoid humidity when possible

A, B, D

The nurse is screening a client at a health fair for hypertension. Which assessment data, provided by the client, would prompt the nurse to stress physician involvement? Select all that apply. A. Fatigue B. Dysuria C. Blurred vision D. Insomnia E. Headache F. Constipation

A, C, D, E

A patient comes to the clinic with a cold and wants something to help relieve the symptoms. What should the nurse include in educating the patient about the uncomplicated common col? (Select all that apply). A. Inform the patient about the symptoms of secondary infection. B. Inform the patient that taking an antihistamine will help to decrease the duration of the cold. C. Tell the patient to take prescribed antibiotics to decrease the severity of symptoms. D. Inform the patient that the virus is contagious for 2 days before symptoms appear and during the first part of the symptomatic phase. E. Suggest that the patient take adequate fluids and get plenty of rest.

A, C, D, E (although c doesn't seem right)

A client will be undergoing a bronchoscopy. Which statement shows that the client understands the procedure? A. "It sounds like the different drugs will make this much easier to stand." B. "If the tube goes through my nose, why will my throat hurt?" C. "At least I can eat normally again as soon as this is over." D. "If I cough up bloody mucus the next day, I need to call 911."

A. "It sounds like the different drugs will make this much easier to stand."

A patient who has undergone an implantable cardioverter defibrillator procedure asks the nurse about the purpose of this device. What would be the nurse's best response? A. "To detect and treat ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia." B. "To detect and treat atrial fibrillation." C. " To shock your heart if you have a heart attack at home." D. "To detect and treat bradycardia."

A. "To detect and treat ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia."

The nurse is caring for a respiratory client who uses a noninvasive positive pressure device. Which medical equipment does the nurse anticipate to find in the client's room? A. A face mask B. A rigid shield C. A nasal cannula D. A ventilator

A. A face mask

A nurse is teaching a client about maintaining a healthy heart. What information will the nurse include with the teaching? A. Consume a diet high in saturated fats B. Use alcohol in moderation C. Exercise one or two times per week D. Smoke in moderation

A. Consume a diet high in saturated fats

A client recovering from thoracic surgery in on long-term mechanical ventilation and becomes very frustrated when he tries to communicate. What intervention should the nurse perform to assist the client? A. Express empathy and then encourage the client to write, use a picture board, or spell words with an alphabet board B. Ask the physician to wean the client off the mechanical ventilator to allow the patient to speak freely C. Assure the client that everything will be alright and that remaining calm is the best strategy D. Ask a family member to interpret what the client is trying to communicate

A. Express empathy and then encourage the client to write, use a picture board, or spell words with an alphabet board

A sputum study has been ordered for a client who has developed coarse chest crackles and a fever. At what time would it be best for the nurse to collect the sample? A. First thing in the morning B. After a period of exercise C. At bedtime D. Immediately after a meal

A. First thing in the morning

The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client diagnosed with postoperative tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. Which discharge instructions would the nurse include? Select all that apply. A. Gargle with warm saline water B. Limit pain medications to the nighttime C. Avoid carbonated fluids D. Postoperative bleeding most frequently occurs in the hours after surgery E. Gradually increase fluids then add soft foods

A. Gargle with warm saline water C. Avoid carbonated fluids E. Gradually increase fluids then add soft foods

You are teaching pre-nursing students in your physiology class about the respiratory system. Which anatomical structure would you teach your students, protects the lower airway from foreign substances? A. Larynx B. Adenoids C. Nares D. Tonsils

A. Larynx

A female patient is being seen in the ER complaining of fatigue and should blade discomfort. She is also short of breath. Based on these symptoms, what will the nurse suspect? A. Myocardial infarction (MI) B. Stroke C. Intracerebral hemorrhage D. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

A. Myocardial infarction (MI)

The nurse reviews laboratory tests for cardiac biomarkers for a client suspected of suffering an MI. What is the earliest marker of an MI? A. Myoglobin B. Creatine kinase-myocardial band (MK-MB) C. Troponin I and T D. Total creatinine kinase (CK)

A. Myoglobin

A 45-year-old obese man arrives in a clinic reporting daytime sleepiness, difficulty going to sleep at night, and snoring. The nurse should recognize the manifestations of which health problem? A. Obstructive sleep apnea B. Adenoiditis C. Laryngeal cancer D. Chronic tonsilitis

A. Obstructive sleep apnea

The student nurse is doing clinical hours in a walk-in clinic. A patient with primary hypertension, and who has not been adhering to the prescribed dietary regimen, comes in for a follow-up appointment. The student is asked to develop a nursing care plan for this patient. What is one of the measurable patient outcomes the student may include? A. Patient will reduce Na intake to no more than 2.4 g of sodium B. Patient will abstain from fat intake and reduce calories C. Patient will maintain a normal body weight D. Patient will have a stable BUN and serum creatine levels

A. Patient will reduce Na intake to no more than 2.4 g of sodium

The nurse is providing education to a client diagnosed with acute rhinosinusitis. For which possible complication should the nurse teach the client to seek immediate follow up care? A. Periorbital edema B. Blood-tinged mucus when blowing the nose C. Headache unrelieved by over-the-counter medications D. Clear the drainage form nose

A. Periorbital edema

The nurse initiates the following intervention upon receiving a client back to the clinical unit after a throat-related procedure, "Elevate the head of the bed 45 degrees." This assists in meeting which nursing goal? A. The client will have decreased edema B. The client will remain alert and oriented C. The client will have increased tissue perfusion D. The client will have decreased pain

A. The client will have decreased edema

The nurse is caring for a client with a severe nosebleed. The health care provider inserts a nasal sponge. What should the nurse tach the client about this intervention? A. The sponge can stay in place for 3 to 4 days if needed B. NSAIDs are contraindicated while the sponge is in place C. The sponge creates a risk for viral sinusitis D. The client should remain supine while the sponge is in place

A. The sponge can stay in place for 3 to 4 days if needed

The nurse is planning the care for a client at risk of developing pulmonary embolism. What nursing interventions should be included in the care plan? Select all that apply. A. Using elastic stockings, especially when decreased mobility would promote venous stasis B. Encouraging a liberal fluid intake C. Instructing the client to dangle the legs over the side of the bed for 30 minutes, four times a day D. Applying a sequential compression device E. Instructing the client to move the legs in a "pumping" exercise

A. Using elastic stockings, especially when decreased mobility would promote venous stasis B. Encouraging a liberal fluid intake D. Applying a sequential compression device E. Instructing the client to move the legs in a "pumping" exercise

A client is brought to the emergency department by ambulance after a motor vehicle accident in which the client received blunt trauma to the chest. The client is in acute respiratory failure, intubated, and transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU). Which assessment parameters should the nurse monitor most closely? Select all that apply. A. Vital signs B. Arterial blood gases C. Oral intake D. Level of consciousness E. Coping

A. Vital signs B. Arterial blood gases D. Level of consciousness

The nurse is discussing the role of lifestyle modifications with a patient who has a diagnosis of primary hypertension. Which of the following lifestyle modifications typically results in the greatest reduction in blood pressure? A. Weight loss B. Reduction in salt intake C. Reduction alcohol intake D. Vigilant blood pressure monitoring

A. Weight loss

Frequent postoperative nursing assessments are very important after upper airway surgery to prevent dangerous respiratory obstruction. What are signs of respiratory obstruction? Select all that apply. A. Pyrexia B. Dyspnea C. Restlessness D. Eupnea

B, C

The nurse is discussing immediate postoperative communication strategies with a client scheduled for a total laryngectomy. What information will the nurse include? A. "A speech therapist will evaluate you and recommend a system of communication after surgery." B. "You can use writing or a communication board to communicate." C. "After surgery you will have to use an electric larynx to communicate." D. "After surgery you will have a sore throat, but you will be able to speak."

B. "You can use writing or a communication board to communicate."

A nurse is caring for a group of client on a medical-surgical floor. Which client is at greatest risk for developing pneumonia? A. A client with a history of smoking two packs of cigarettes per day until quitting 2 years ago B. A client with a nasogastric tube C. A client who is receiving acetaminophen (Tylenol) for pain D. A client who ambulates in the hallway every 4 hours

B. A client with a nasogastric tube

Which would be least likely to contribute to a case of hospital-acquired pneumonia? A. Host defenses are impaired B. A nurse washes her hands before beginning client care C. Inoculum of organisms reaches the lower respiratory tract and overwhelms the host's defenses D. A highly virulent organism is present

B. A nurse washes her hands before beginning client care

The nurse is assessing a patient who smokes 2 packs of cigarettes per day and has a strong family history of cancer. What early sign of cancer of the larynx does the nurse look for in this patient? A. Enlarged cervical nodes B. Affected voice sounds C. Dysphagia D. Burning of the throat when hot liquids are ingested

B. Affected voice sounds

Which assessment finding would be most consistent with advanced emphysema? A. Epigastric pain B. Barrel-shaped chest C. Aortic bruit D. Dependent edema

B. Barrel-shaped chest

The nurse is caring for an adolescent client injured in a snowboarding accident. THe client has a head injury, a fractured right rib, and various abrasions and contusions. The client has a blood pressure of 142/88 m Hg, pulse of 102 beats/minute, and respirations of 26 breaths/minute. Which laboratory test best provides data on a potential impairment in ventilation? A. Serum alkaline phosphate B. Blood gases C. Blood chemistry D. Complete blood count

B. Blood gases

Clients taking vasodilator drugs have a greater risk for postprandial hypotension. Which of the following is the best nursing explanation for this phenomenon? A. Gravity pulls blood to the lower extremities while sitting B. Blood is being diverted to the gastrointestinal tract C. Decreased peripheral blood flow results D. Bronchospasms are increased when food enters the stomach

B. Blood is being diverted to the gastrointestinal tract

The nurse knows that a pacemaker is the treatment of choice for what cardiac arrhythmia? A. Atrial flutter B. Complete heart block C. Supraventricular tachycardia D. Ventricular fibrillation

B. Complete heart block

A client has been recently diagnosed with hypertension and is having a difficult time adjusting emotionally to the condition. It is important to implement measures to relieve emotional stress for clients with hypertension because reduced stress: A. Increases the resistance that the heart must overcome to eject blood B. Decreases the production of neurotransmitters that constrict peripheral arterioles C. Increases the production of neurotransmitters that constrict peripheral arterioles D. Increases blood volume and improves the potential for greater cardiac output

B. Decreases the production of neurotransmitters that constrict peripheral arterioles

Which entry by the nurse into the medical record is appropriate for a client who presents with symptoms indicative of acute bronchitis? A. Frequent cough with sputum production noted B. Dry, irritating, nonproductive cough noted C. Fewer crackles today. No cough or mucus noted D. Physical activity seems to increase incidence of paroxysmal coughing

B. Dry, irritating, nonproductive cough noted

The nurse is completing a cardiac assessment on a client. The patient has a blood pressure reading of 126/78. What would the nurse identify this blood pressure reading as? A. Stage I hypertension B. Elevated C. Normal D. Stage II hypertension

B. Elevated

A nurse teaches a client with angina pectoris that he or she needs to take up to three sublingual nitroglycerin tablets at 5-minute intervals and immediately notify the health care provider if chest pain doesn't subside within 15 minutes. What symptoms may the client experience after taking the nitroglycerin? A. Nausea, vomiting, depression, fatigue, and impotence B. Headache, hypotension, dizziness, and flushing C. Sedation, nausea, vomiting, constipation, and respiratory depression D. Flushing, dizziness, headache, and pedal edema

B. Headache, hypotension, dizziness, and flushing

A 22-year-old college student recently returned from a backpacking trip to Southeast Asia and has been experiencing increasing malaise over the past 2 weeks. Today, she came in seeking care because he reports that he coughed up blood during a particularly heavy coughing fit this morning. The nurse would document of the presence of... A. Cyanosis B. Hemoptysis C. Apnea D. Dyspnea

B. Hemoptysis

The nurse is receiving the post-tonsillectomy and post-adenoidectomy client in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU). The nurse aide is assisting the client from the stretcher to the bed. The client remains drowsy from anesthesia. In which position would the nurse instruct the nurse aide to place the client? A. High-Fowler's B. On one side C. Supine D. Semi-Fowler's

B. On one side

A client who is newly diagnosed with high blood pressure has a 20-pack-year tobacco history. The nurse recommends smoking cessation for this client because nicotine: A. Decreases circulating blood volume B. Raises heart rate constricts arterioles, and reduces the heart's ability to eject blood C. Decreases heart rate, constricts arterioles, and reduced the heart's ability to eject blood D. Increases heart rate, constricts arterioles, and increases the heart's ability to eject blood

B. Raises heart rate constricts arterioles, and reduces the heart's ability to eject blood

A patient newly diagnosed with hypertension asks the nurse what happens when uncontrolled hypertension is prolonged. The nurse explains that a patient with prolonged uncontrolled hypertensions is at risk for developing what? A. Right ventricular hypertrophy B. Renal failure C. Anemia D. Glaucoma

B. Renal failure

The nurse is providing care for a client who has just been admitted to the postsurgical unit following a laryngectomy. Which assessment should the nurse prioritize? A. The client's airway patency B. The client's swallowing ability C. The client's pain level D. Signs and symptoms of infection

B. The client's swallowing ability (this seems like it should be A in my opinion)

A client has tested positive for tuberculosis (TB). While providing client teaching, which information should the nurse prioritize? A. The need to work closely with the occupational and physical therapists B. The importance of adhering closely to the prescribed medication regimen C. The disease being a lifelong, chronic condition that will affect activities of daily living (ADLs) D. TB being self-limiting but taking up to 2 years to resolve

B. The importance of adhering closely to the prescribed medication regimen

A patient has come to the clinic for a follow-up assessment. Before taking the blood pressure, the nurse should determine if the patient has what? A. Refrained from smoking for at least 2 hours B. Tried to rest quietly for 5 minutes before the reading is taken C. Refrained from smoking for at least 8 hours D. Avoided drinking coffee for 8 hours before the visit

B. Tried to rest quietly for 5 minutes before the reading is taken

Which comfort techniques does a nurse teach to a client with pleurisy to assist with splinting the chest wall? A. Elevate the head of the bed B. Turn on the affected side C. Use a prescribed analgesic D. Use a heat application

B. Turn on the affected side

Nursing student are reviewing characteristics of a normal sinus rhythm. Which of the following characteristics would they accurately identify as true statements? A. Heart rate is between 100 and 150 bpm B. The ventricles depolarize in 5 seconds or less C. The SA nose initiates the impulse D. Each impulse occurs regularly (evenly spaced) E. Impulse travels to the AV node in 0.12 to 0.2 second

C, D, E

The nurse is conducting a service project for a local elderly community group on the topic of hypertension. The nurse will relay that which risk factors and cardiovascular problems are related to hypertension? Select all that apply. A. Elevated high-density lipoprotein cholesterol B. Decreased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol C. Smoking D. Overweight/obesity E. Age greater than 65 in women

C, D, E

A patient is having her tonsils removed. The patient asks the nurse what function the tonsils serve. Which of the following would be the most accurate response? A. "The tonsils regulate the airflow to the bronchi." B. "The tonsils contain nerves that provoke sneezing." C. "The tonsils help to guard the body from invasion of organisms." D. "The tonsils aid digestion."

C. "The tonsils help to guard the body from invasion of organisms."

A monitor technician on the telemetry unit asks a charge nurse why every client whose monitor shows atrial fibrillation is receiving warfarin. Which response by the charge nurse is best? A. "Warfarin controls heart rate in the client with atrial fibrillation." B. "It's just a coincidence; most clients with atrial fibrillation don't receive warfarin." C. "Warfarin prevents clot formation in the atria of clients with atrial fibrillation." D. "Warfarin prevents atrial fibrillation from progressing to a lethal arrhythmia."

C. "Warfarin prevents clot formation in the atria of clients with atrial fibrillation."

High blood pressure is highly prevalent in the United States. Approximately how many people have high blood pressure in the United States? A. 1 in 10 adults B. 1 in 8 adults C. 1 in 3 adults D. 1 in 7 adults

C. 1 in 3 adults

The nurse is teaching a client diagnosed with hypertension about the DASH diet. How many servings of meat, fish, and poultry should the client consume per day? A. 7 or 8 B. 4 or 5 C. 2 or fewer D. 2 or 3

C. 2 or fewer

After diagnosing a client with pulmonary tuberculosis, the physician tells family members that they must receive isoniazid (INH [Laniazid]) as prophylaxis against tuberculosis. The client's daughter asks the nurse how long the drug must be taken. What is the usual duration of prophylactic isoniazid therapy? A. 6-12 months B. 1-3 weeks C. 3-5 days D. 2-4 months

C. 3-5 days

The nurse is working on a telemetry unit, caring for a client who develops dizziness and a second-degree heart block, Mobitz Type I. What will be the initial nursing intervention? A. Prepare the client for cardioversion B. Send the client to the cardiac catheterization laboratory C. Administer an IV bolus of atropine D. Review the client's medical record

C. Administer an IV bolus of atropine

A 13-year-old boy has been brought to the emergency department by his mother after he took a powerful blow to his nose during a volleyball game. Preliminary examination suggests a nasal fracture, which should prompt the nurse to... A. Apply warm compresses to the bridge of the patient's nose B. Administer saline lavage and tell the patient not to swallow the solution C. Apply ice and tell the patient to keep his head elevated D. Administer analgesia and a nebulized bronchodilator

C. Apply ice and tell the patient to keep his head elevated

The nurse is caring for a patient who's experiencing sinus bradycardia with a pulse rate of 40 bpm. The patient's blood pressure is 80/50 mmHg and the client reports dizziness. Which medication does the nurse anticipate administering to treat bradycardia? A. Dobutamine B. Lidocaine C. Atropine D. Amiodarone

C. Atropine

An ED nurse is assessing a 71-year-old female client for a suspected MI. When planning the assessment, the nurse should be cognizant of what signs and symptoms of MI that are particularly common in female clients? Select all that apply. A. Shortness of breath B. Anxiety C. Chest pain D. Indigestion E. Nausea

D, E

An obese male is being evaluated for OSA. The nurse asks the patient's wife to document the number and frequency of incidences of apnea while her husband is asleep. The nurse tells the wife that a characteristic indicator of OSA is a breathing cycle characterized by periods of breathing cessation for: A. 8 seconds with 4 episodes/hour B. 6 seconds with 3 episodes/hour C. 4 seconds with 2 episodes/hour D. 10 seconds with 5 episodes/hour

D. 10 seconds with 5 episodes/hour

Which action should the nurse take first when providing care for a client during an acute asthma attack? A. Obtain arterial blood gases B. Send for STAT chest x-ray C. Initiate oxygen therapy and reassess pulse oximetry in 10 minutes D. Administer prescribed short-acting bronchodilator

D. Administer prescribed short-acting bronchodilator

A client who has been diagnosed with arteriosclerosis is confused by what this means. The nurse explains that arteriosclerosis is: A. A condition in which the lumen of arteries fill the scar tissue B. High level of blood fat C. A vascular occlusive disease D. An expected part of the aging process

D. An expected part of the aging process

A client has been diagnosed as experiencing "white-coat hypertension" which refers to: A. Insomnia B. Depression C. Loss of consciousness D. Anxiety

D. Anxiety

24. A client is being discharged following pelvic surgery. What would be included in the patient care instructions to prevent the development of a pulmonary embolus? A. Tense and relax muscles in the lower extremities B. Wear tight-fitting clothing C. Begin estrogen replacement D. Consume the majority of daily fluid intake prior to bed

D. Consume the majority of daily fluid intake prior to bed

What is a modifiable risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis? A. Gender B. Prior infection with chlamydia pneumoniae C. History of rheumatic fever D. Consumption of a high-fat diet

D. Consumption of a high-fat diet

The nurse has been caring for a client who has been prescribed an antibiotic for pharyngitis and has been instructed to take the antibiotic for 10 days. On day 4, the client starts feeling better and plans to stop taking the medication. What information should the nurse provide to this client. A. Discontinue the medications if the fever is gone B. Keep the remaining tablets for an infection at a later time C. Dispose of the remaining medication in a biohazard receptacle D. Finish all the antibiotics to eliminate the organism completely

D. Finish all the antibiotics to eliminate the organism completely

The nurse assesses a client with a heart rate of 120 bpm. What are the known causes of this condition? A. Vagal stimulation B. Hypothyroidism C. Digoxin D. Hypovolemia

D. Hypovolemia

Which is the priority nursing diagnosis for a client undergoing a laryngectomy? A. Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements B. Anxiety and depression C. Impaired verbal communication D. Ineffective airway clearance

D. Ineffective airway clearance

Which nursing intervention is required to prepare a client with cardiac dysrhythmia for an elective electrical cardioversion? A. Administer digitalis and diuretics 24 hours before cardioversion B. Facilitate CPR until the client is prepared for cardioversion C. Monitor blood pressure every 4 hours D. Instruct the client to restrict food and oral intake

D. Instruct the client to restrict food and oral intake

You are writing a plan of care for a patient with a cardiac dysrhythmia. What would be the most appropriate goal for the patients? A. Maintain social contacts B. Maintain nutritional intake C. Maintain fluid intake D. Maintain cardiac output

D. Maintain cardiac output

To evaluate a client's atrial depolarization, the nurse observes which part of the electrocardiogram waveform? A. PR interval B. QRS complex C. T wave D. P wave

D. P wave

A client is visiting the emergency department because of massive bleeding from the nose that will not stop. Blood is on the client's shirt, and bleeding from the nose continues. The nurse intervenes by... A. Pinching the upper and hard portion of the nose B. Applying pressure to the nose for 1 to 2 minutes C. Instructing the client to tilt the head back with ice applied to the nose D. Telling the client to sit upright with the head tilted forward

D. Telling the client to sit upright with the head tilted forward

Family members bring a patient to the emergency department with pale cool skin, midsternal chest pain unrelieved with rest, and a history of CAD. What is the nurse aware of? A. Treatment should be held until an ECG is complete B. The symptoms indicate angina and should be treated as such C. The symptoms indicate anxiety and should be treated as such D. The symptoms indicate an acute coronary episode and should be treated as such

D. The symptoms indicate an acute coronary episode and should be treated as such

Duration of acute asthma can vary from brief (less than 1 day) or extended (lasting for several weeks). True or False

True