Test Questions to review
Requirements Management Plan
A component of the project or program management plan that describes how requirements will be analyzed, documented, and managed.
weak matrix
A matrix structure in which functional managers have primary control over project activities and the project manager coordinates project work.
strong matrix
A matrix structure in which the project manager has primary control over project activities and functional managers support project work.
requirements traceability matrix
A table that links requirements to their origin and traces them throughout the project life cycle.
Stakeholder Analysis
A technique of systematically gathering and analyzing quantitative and qualitative information to determine whose interests should be taken into account throughout the project.
You are the project manager for the BBB Project. Stacy, a project team member, is confused about what QA is. You need all the project team members and the project stakeholders to be clear on the quality management processes. To help Stacy, which of the following best describes QA? a) QA is quality assurance for the overall project performance b) QA is quality acceptance according to scope verification c) QA is Quality assurance for the project deliverable d) QA is Quality assurance for the project stakeholders
A) QA is concerned wtih overall project quality performance
You are the project manager of your organization, and you're working with your project team and the project stakeholders to identify the risks within the project. Some of the risks have not yet happened and some of the risks are already issues. You tell the project team that all risks must be documented in the risk register, but they are not familiar with this document. Which one of the following best describes the risk register? a) It documents all the outcomes of the other risk management processes b) It's a document that contains the initial risk identification entries c) It's a system that tracks all negative risks within a project d) It's part of the project's PMIS for integrated change control
A) The risk register documents all the outcomes of the other risk management processes.
A project manager is meeting with his project team. In this meeting, the top ten percent of project team members are openly praised for their hard work. The bottom ten percent of the project team members are disciplined and somewhat berated in the meeting. The balance of the project team is not addresses. What type of leadership is happening in this scenario? a) Transactional leadership b) Laissez-faire leadership c) Interactional leadership d) Pressure-based power
A) Transactional leadership means the leader emphasizes the goals of the project and rewards and disincentives for the project team. This is sometimes called management by exception as it's the exception that is reward or punished.
Sponsor in agile
Allocate resources. . Rectify Issues. Gain executive support. Request regular progress reports.
One of the tools you'll have to use as a project manager in the stakeholder management knowledge area is management skill. Management skills help you organize stakeholder concerns and keep the project moving forward. All the following are examples of management skills except for which one? a) presenting project information b) negotiating with stakeholders c) public speaking d) analyzing work performance information
Analyzing work performance information is not a management skill, but it is a facet of data analysis and preparing for stakeholder engagement.
q41 Your PMO has sent you a project portfolio that contains 4 projects that have not yet been started. They have asked that you manage the project that has the highest current value of future cash flows. Which project will you select? a) The project with the highest present value b) The project with the highest net present value c) The project with the highest rate of return d) The project with the highest benefit-cost ratio
B) The current value of future cash flows is the net present value (NPV) . Therefore, you should select the project with the highest NPV. The project with the highest present value, PV, does not account for the value of future cash flows.
Jeff is the project manager of the Bridge Construction Project for his company. This project requires strict change control because of government regulations, the cost of the project deliverables, and the approved scope. The project plan provides what with regard to project changes? Mehtodology to approve or decline CCB changes A guide to all future project deciiosns A vision of the project deliverables A fluid doc that may be updated as needed based on CCD
B) The project plan serves as the guide to all future project decisions
q26 Midway through the negotiation of a contract, your project sponsor asks that a relatively small feature be added to the scope. How should you proceed? a) Email the contractor letting them know the scope has been changed b) Mention this addition in a call after the contract is signed c) Issue a new contract with the scope change d) Tell the project sponsor this cannot be accommodated
Because the contract is not yet finalized, this addition to the scope should be included in the contract for the contractor to sign off on. Simply mentioning it to the contractor in an email is not enough to ensure that the new scope is added. The expectation should be clearly stated in a contract that has been signed by both parties. Bringing up the scope in a meeting after the contract is not appropriate. The contractor is not obligated to perform the work if it is not clearly stated in the contract. Because the contract has not yet been signed, the project's scope can be changed and the project sponsor's request should be accommodated.
As a PMP candidate you must be familiar with the project management terms. Sometimes the terms seem confusing, such as project scope statement, scope baseline, or even the scope control process. Which of the following best describes the project scope statement? The description of the project delivareables the auhtorizing document that allows the project manager to move forward with the project and to assign resoureces to the tasks A docmuent that defines all the required work and only the required work to create the project deliverables The process of planning and executing all the required work to deliver the project to the customer.
C) A project scope statement focuses on completing all the required work, and only the required work, to create the project's deliverables.
You are a project manager for a large manufacturer. Your current project is to create a new manufacturing assembly line that will allow your organization to create its products with less downtime and faster turnaround time for its clients. A stakeholder has presented a change request for your project, which will likely increase the cost and time needed to complete the project. All the following components are not part of integrated change control except for which one? A) Adding more team members to the project to get the the project work done faster B) Outsourcing portions of the project execution to transfer risk C) Tracking system for proposed change D) Documenting the project and how the manufacutring assembly should work
C) The only answer that describes a component of the change control system is the tracking system for the proposed change.
Of the following, which is the most important stakeholder involved with a project? a) The project Manager b) The project sponsor c) The CEO d) The customer
Customers, internal or external, are the most important stakeholders in a project
Risk identification is an iterative process in the project and it requires participation from the project manager, the project team, and other key stakeholders. Because of the nature of risk, when should risk identification happen? a) As early as possible in the initiation b) As early as possible in the planning c) Throughout the product management life cycle d) Throughout the project life cycle
D) Throughout the project life cycle
product owner responsibilities
Defining the vision. ... Managing the product backlog. ... Prioritizing needs. ... Overseeing development stages. ... Anticipating client needs. ... Acting as primary liaison. ... Evaluating product progress at each iteration.
Which one is an example of a project life cycle phase: a) Framing b) Phase gate review c) Project Quality Management d) Executing
Framing is project life cycle phase. A life cycle phase is unique to the project and shows the type of work and expected deliverables achieved within that phase.
You are the project manager for the LMG Project. Your project will have several resource issues that must be coordinated and approved by the union. Which of the following statements is correct about this scenario? a) The union is considered a resource constraint b) The union is considered a management constraint c) The union is a project stakeholder d) The union is a project team member
In this instance, the union is considered a project stakeholder because it has a vested interest in the project's outcome.
risk owners
Keep an eye for trigger events and initiate the contingency plan(s) if necessary, they also evaluate whether the contingency plan is effective
q13 Your PMO has tasked you with hiring a new project manager for the organization. They've asked that you specifically find someone with mentorship experience. What core competency deals most with mentorship? a) industry-specific skills b) general management c) project management d) lengthy experience
Mentorship is a general management skill. While other competencies can include mentorship, it is not constrained by industry, PM experience or years of expertise.
identify project benefits
Mostly done before or during the initiation process, or as part of the business case, to determine if the project is worth doing. Additional benefits may be identified by stakeholders at any point in the project. PM may or may not be involved in identifying benefits.
Nancy is a project manager for the NHG Corporation. She has identified several positive stakeholders for her construction project and a few negative stakeholders. Nancy and the project team have been meeting regularly with the positive stakeholders but have not met with the negative stakeholders. Mike, the Chief Project Office from the PMO, tells Nancy she needs to meet with the negative stakeholders as quickly as possible. What type of PMO is Nancy working with? Choose the best answer: a) Consultative b) Directive c) Controlling d) Supportive
Nancy cannot simply ignore the negative stakeholders. Their influence on the project may cause the project to fail. Nancy must work with the negative stakeholders to squelch their protests, or consider their demands to ensure compliance or agreement with their issues. Because Gary is giving Nancy an assignment, something that wouldn't happen with a supportive or directive PMO, this is likely a controlling PMO.
As a project manager in your organization, you believe that projects operate better when the project team is involved in the management processes. You like to include the project team in decisions, listen to their input, and create a familial environment. Which theory believes that workers need to be involved with the management process? a) McGregor's theory of x and y b) Ouchie's theory Z c) Herzberg's theory of motivation d) The Expectancy Theory
Ouchi's Theory Z states that workers need to be involved with the management process.
PMO
Project Management Office
You are the project manager for the Floor Installation Project. Today, you will meet with your project team to ensure the project is completed with no deviations from the project requirements. This process is which of the following? a) Quality planning b) Quality management c) Quality control d) Quality assurance
Quality planning should be completed prior to the work beginning—and should thereafter be revisited as needed.
trigger events
Review of access logs, audit trails, failed logins, and other reports generated to monitor compliance with the policies and procedures
Negative Risk Responses
Risk avoidance Risk acceptance Risk transference Risk mitigation
change control process
Some changes happen to you, yet others are requested. Whatever the change, it must be managed and analyzed, then accepted or rejected. If the change is accepted, that is it must be responded to—which opens a whole new set of procedures to make sure you stay on track and within budget. Change control is the process used to manage all these variables.
Many theories and philosophies can affect the approach a manager uses to lead and manage the project team. Based on your knowledge of the different management theories, which of the following is an example of the X in Theory of X and Y? a) Self-led project teams b) micro management c) team members able to work on their own accord d) EVM
The X in the Theory of X and Y states that workers have an inherent dislike of work and will avoid it if possible. Micromanagement is a method with regard to X that helps to make certain workers complete their work.
You have just started a project for a manufacturer. Project team members report they are 30 percent complete with the project. You have spent $25,000 out of the project's $250,000 budget. What is the earned value for this project? a) 10 percent b) 75 k c) 25 K d) don't have enough info
The earned value is 30 percent of the project's budget
risk management
The method of making, implementing, and monitoring decisions that minimize the adverse effects of risk on an organization.
validate the scope
The process of formalizing acceptance of the completed project deliverables.
Which one of the following is a formal document to manage and control project execution? WBS, THe Project management plan, the organizational management plan, the work authorization system
The project management plan is the formal document used to manage and control project execution
You are the project manager of the SUN Project. Your organization is a functional environment, and you do not get along well with the functional manager leading the project. You are in disagreement with the manager about how the project should proceed, the timings of the activities, the suggested schedule, and the expected quality of the work. The manager has requested that you get to work on several of the activities on the critical path even though you and she have not solved the issues concerning the project. Which of the following should you do? a)go to senior management and voice your concerns b)complete the activities as requested c) d)
The project manager must respect the delegation of the functional manager.
ScrumMaster
The steward of the Scrum project management processes and methods; facilitates the processes of Scrum to fulfill the project's needs, with heavy attention to the enforcement of timeboxes
You are the project manager for a software development project for your company. This project will create a web-based application that will allow users to create maps for different hiking trails in North America. You'll be working with developers who are employees of your company and developers who are contract-based. Your project will also include information from the National Parks Service, local communities, and hikers from around the United States. You and the project team will first complete stakeholder analysis to make certain that you've captured all the project stakeholders. What are the three logical steps to stakeholder analysis for this project? a) Identify the stakeholders, prioritize the stakeholders, anticipate stakeholder responses b) Identify , confirm, communicate c) Identify, Anticipate, create strategy d) Identify, meet with Stakeholders, Create a stakeholder plan
There are three logical steps to stakeholder analysis: First you need to identify the project stakeholders. Next, you'll prioritize the stakeholders based on their role and influence in the project. Finally, you'll anticipate stakeholder responses to issues, concerns, and requirements in the project
Configuration Management Plan
This plan is an input to the control scope process. It defines how changes to the features and functions of the project deliverable, the product scope, may enter the project.
Product acceptance criteria
This project scope statement component works with the project requirements, but focuses specifically on the product and what the conditions and processes are for formal acceptance of the product.
What can a project manager use to determine whether it is better to make or buy a product? a) A decision tree analysis b) A fishbone model c) An Ishikawa diagram d) An ROI analysis
a) A decision tree analysis can separate the pros and cons of buying versus building
You are the project manager for a pharmaceutical company. You are currently working on a project for a new drug your company is creating. A recent change in a law governing drug testing will change your project scope. Since the project must be completed within two years, what's the first thing you should do as project manager? a) Create a documented change request b) Proceed as planned, since the project will be grandfathered beyond the new change in the law c) Consult with project sponsor and stakeholders
a) A formal, documented change request is the best course of action for a change request stemming from a law or regulation
You are the project manager of a project. The project team is experiencing some trouble with a new material that the project will utilize. You gather the team together for an active problem-solving session. Which one of the following is the best definition of active problem solving? a) Define the problem and the desired solution b) Discern the cause and the effect of the problem c) Document the problem and its characteristics to see the whole effect d) Test the materials to identify the solution
a) Active problem solving begins with problem definition. Problem definition is the ability to discern between the cause and effect of the problem. Root-cause analysis looks beyond the immediate symptoms to the cause of the symptoms—which then affords opportunities for solutions.
q43 Brooke's project team is well underway in the development of a complex technical project. A team member informs Brooke that a functional manager is receiving the weekly status report, but not the monthly progress report. He expressed that he must receive the monthly progress report. What should Brooke do next? a) Update the communications management plan to include sending the monthly report b) SEnd monthly progress reports to all c) do nothing d) note on the issue log and send montly progress report
a) Anytime a change to the communication method or stakeholder is needed, the communications plan must be updated.
You are a project manager acting in a functional organization. The functional manager and you disagree about several deliverables the project will be creating. The functional manager insists that you begin the project work now. What must you do? a) Begin work B) Resolve all issues with the functional manager before you begin working c) Continue planning because you are the project manager d) Begin work if the issues don't affect the project deliverables
a) Because you are working within a functional organization, you have little to no power, and the functional manager has all the power. You must obey the functional manager and get to work.
Betty is the project manager for her organization and she's currently managing the HGF Project. Her project has 45 stakeholders in two different time zones. According to the communications model, which one of the following means that communications occur when Betty communicates with the project team? a) The transfer of knowledge b) the outputting of knowledge c) The presence of knowledge d) The transmission of knowledge
a) Communication happens when knowledge/information has been transferred from one person to another.
You are a new project manager in your company. Many of the project team members do not know you, haven't worked with you before, and don't seem interested in working on the project goal now. Some problems have come up in the project and need to be addressed immediately for the project to be successful. Which problem-solving technique is the best for most project management situations? a) confronting b) compromising c) forcing d) avoidance
a) Confronting is the best problem-solving technique, since it meets the problem directly.
You are the project manager for the construction of a new hotel. Before you begin the cost budgeting process, what is needed? a) cost estimates and project schedule b) cost estimates and supporting detail c) EAC and BAC d) A parametric model used to arrive at the costs submitted
a) Cost estimates and the project schedule are inputs to the cost budgeting process.
q15 Jennifer is an emotionally-intelligent team leader. Which of the following conflict resolution techniques is she most likely to embody? a) smoothing b) withdrawl c) forcing d) compromising
a) Emotionally intelligent leaders are likely to use a smoothing conflict resolution technique. Smoothing involves making some concessions but focuses on an agreement. Withdrawal, forcing, and compromising all result in "lose-lose" for those involved in the conflict
You are the project manager of the HHQ Project for your company. Your company is a manufacturer of paper products. Your company has elected to use ISO 9000 standards. What is an attribute of ISO 9000? a) It ensures that your company follows its own quality procedures b) it ensures your company follows the set phases in each project from initiation to closure c)It ensures that your company maps its processes to a proven process within the program d) it ensures that QA and QC are integrated into the product or service your organization offers
a) From ASQ: "ISO 9000 is a set of international standards on quality management and quality assurance developed to help companies effectively document the quality system elements to be implemented to maintain an efficient quality system. They are not specific to any one industry and can be applied to organizations of any size."
Which one of the following is not beneficial to the project manager during the project plan development process? Gannt charts, PMIS, the project management methodology, or Stakeholder knowledge?
a) Gantt charts are excellent tools to measure and predict the project progress, but they are not needed during the project plan development process.
q24 In a weekly meeting with your project's sponsor, you are informed that a large portion of the scope will be cut from the project. The work that was to be done was originally going to be provided with a contractor. The contract has already been signed by your organization and the contractor. What should you do first? a) review the contract terms with your procurement office b) tell the contractor to stop all work c) tell the procurement office not to issue payment to the contractor d)issue payment for the work that has been provided but not for the work that hasn't been done yet
a) If a large portion of contractor work is cut from the project, you must first reivew the contract terms before taking other action. Ideally, the contract terms should be reviewed with someone from the procurement office or with a legal understanding. Depending on the terms, you may be able to tell the contractor to stop work, you might not need to issue any payment, or you may need to issue partial payment. However it is impossible to know what the options are until the contract is reviewed.
You are the project manager for your organization and you're working with the project team to explain the approach of the project life cycle and how you'll be managing proposed changes to the project scope. If your company is a project-oriented company who will make decisions on change control? a) Project Manager b) Project Team c) Functional Manager d) PMO
a) In a project-oriented environment the project manager has high to almost total control over the project decisions.
You are the project manager for your organization. In your current project, you're coaching Mary on the project management knowledge areas. Mary has questions about project integration management at the process level. Which one of the following is the best example of project integration management at the process level? a) Poor quality management planning will likely affect the quality of the project deliverable. b) A robust communications management plan is dependent on the number of stakeholders involved in the project c) Larger projects require more detail than smaller projects d) Planning is an iterative activity that will happen throughout the project
a) Of all the choices presented this answer is the best example of project integration management. Project integration management at the process level means that what you do in one process can have a direct effect on other processes. Poor quality management planning will likely affect the quality of the deliverables is a true statement linked to project integration management.
Marcy is the project manager of the GQD Project for her organization. She is working with Stan, the project sponsor, and they are identifying the most likely phases for this type of project work. Why would an organization divide a project into phases? a) To better provide management and control of the project b) To identify the work that will likely happen within a phase of the project c) To define the cash-flow requirements within each phase of the project
a) Organizations often divide projects into phases to make the management and control of the project easier and more productive.
You are the project manager for the BBB Project. Stacy, a project team member, is confused about what QA is. You need all the project team members and the project stakeholders to be clear on the quality management processes. To help Stacy, which of the following best describes QA? a) QA is quality assurance for overall project performance b) QA is quality acceptance according to scope verification c) Qa is quality assurance for the product deliverable d) QA ia quality assurance for the project stakeholders
a) QA is concerned with overall project quality performance.
You are the project manager for your organization and part of your role requires that you coach the project team on the project management processes. At this point in your project, you're estimating the activity durations with the project team and need to review the tools and techniques that are appropriate for usage with this process. Which one of the following is not a tool and technique for the estimate activity duration process? a) Risk identification b) Analogous estimating c)Reserve analysis d) Three-point estimating
a) Risk identification is not a tool and technique of the estimate activity durations process. This process has eight tools to consider: expert judgment, analogous estimating, parametric estimating, three-point estimating, bottom-up estimating, data analysis, decision making, and meetings.
You are the project manager for a technical implementation project. The customer has requested that you factor in the after-the-project costs, such as maintenance and service. This is an example of which one of the following? a)Life-cycle costs b) scope creep c) Project spin-off d) Operations
a) The after-project costs are known as the life-cycle costs.
q88 John's project has a schedule variance of $63,000. The planned value for his project at the 6-month milestone is $100,000. The project has a CPI of 0.7. What is the earned value of John's project so far? a) $163,000 b) $36,000 c) $70,000 d) $44,000
a) The earned value can be calculated by adding the schedule variance and planned value.
You are the project manager of the JHG Project. This project has 32 stakeholders and will require implementation activities in North and South America. You have been requested to provide a duration estimate for the project. Of the following, which will offer the best level of detail in your estimate? a) The resource calendar b) An order of magnitude c) A requirements document d) A stakeholder analysis
a) The resource calendar is the best choice for this scenario because it is the only activity duration estimating input listed
You are the project manager of a new software development project in your company. Your company operates in a matrix environment and utilizes a project management office to structure projects. This current project has 78 stakeholders and will last for 18 months. Sam, one of the project stakeholders, informs you that two of his employees will be leaving the organization and will no longer be available as resources on your project. In addition to the project staffing management plan, what other document should you update? a) stakeholder register B) Risk register C) change log d) project schedule
a) The stakeholder register is the best answer because it contains information about the stakeholders that are currently involved in the project. When a stakeholder leaves the project, you should update the stakeholder register so that you don't include non-stakeholders in project communications and engagement.
Hans is a project manager for his organization, and he's working with his sponsor to identify the organization's risk tolerance. Understanding the risk tolerance and any associated enterprise environmental factors will help Hans and the project team plan for risk responses. An organization's risk tolerance is also known as what? a) The utility function b) Herzberg's Theory of Motivation c) Risk acceptance d) The risk-reward ratio
a) The utility function describes a person's willingness to tolerate risk.
q64 Carrie is reviewing her project's network diagram and she comes across a task that can be delayed 3 days without impacting the delivery milestone date. This task is said to have: a) total float b) Free float c) Project float d) Lead
a) Total float refers to a task that has room to be delayed without impacting the target completion date of the project or the milestone. Project float is the same as total float but only related to the customer's final project delivery date.
A project manager is meeting with his project team. In this meeting, the top ten percent of project team members are openly praised for their hard work. The bottom ten percent of the project team members are disciplined and somewhat berated in the meeting. The balance of the project team is not addresses. What type of leadership is happening in this scenario? a) Transactional leadership b) Laissez-faire leadership c) Interactional leadership d) Pressure-based power
a) Transactional leadership means the leader emphasizes the goals of the project and rewards and disincentives for the project team. This is sometimes called management by exception as it's the exception that is reward or punished.
You are working with your project team and stakeholders to plan the project work. Some of the resources are in Chicago, Illinois and other resources are in London, UK. The distribution of resources, such as in your project, are also known as what? a) Enterprise Environmental factors b) Organizational Process assets c) Virtual Team d) Constraints
a)The distribution of resources is an enterprise environmental factors. The location of the resources can affect how the project operates and communicates with resources and stakeholders.
impediment
anything that keeps the Team from getting work done and slows Velocity
q73 In the middle of planning, Evan, a software engineer asks what the purpose of a WBS is after planning is over. All of the following statements about a WBS are true except: a) A WBS helps control scope creep b) A WBS helps define team member roles c) A WBS determines if change requests should be approved or rejected d) WBS can be used as a communication tool to discuss the project
b) A WBS helps determine what is within scope and what is a change request but it does not determine if a change request should be rejected. It does help define the team members' roles.
q59 A developer on your team has pointed out a problem with the server that your project relies on to deliver code. The server will have to be replaced. This was not foreseen in the planning stages. What should be done about the cost of the new server? a) Pay out of contingency reserves b) Pay out of management reserves c) Find a workaround d) Cancel project
b) A new server should be paid for out of management reserve. The management reserve covers the cost of unforeseen issues. This kind of situation is addressed by management to keep the project going on track.
You have been working on a new project that will affect your entire organization of 1233 people. You and the project team know that you should create a stakeholder register for the stakeholders, but is it necessary to create 1233 entries in this register? a) yes all stakeholders should be identified b) Yes but it is appropriate to group the stakeholders for easier management c) No, only key stakeholders need to be identified in the stakeholder register d) No, only negative and key stakeholders must be documented in the stakeholder register
b) A project that has this many stakeholders is likely to create groups of stakeholders to manage. For example, the stakeholders could be grouped by departments, roles in the organization, or even interests in the project. Grouping stakeholders helps the project manager address a large group with a common message rather than manage multiple messages to many stakeholders individually.
A table of risks, their probability, their impact, and a number representing the overall risk score is called a _______________. a) Risk table b) Probability and impact matrix c) Quantitative matrix d) Qualitative Matrix
b) A table of risks, their probability, and their impact equate to a risk score in a risk matrix.
Your project is moving ahead of schedule. Management elects to incorporate additional quality testing into the project to improve the quality and acceptability of the project deliverable. This is an example of which one of the following? a) Scope Creep b) Change Control c) Quality assurance d) Integrated change control
b) Additional quality testing will require additional time and resources for the project. This is an example of integrated change control.
You are the project manager of the GHY Project. This project will remove old lights throughout your building and replace the fixtures with new, cost-saving lights. In this project, you'll work with internal and external vendors. Your project requires an electrician at month eight. This is an example of which of the following? a) Organizational Interfaces b) Resource Requirements c) Contractor requirements d) Resource constraints
b) Because the project requires the electrician, a project role, this is a resource requirement.
Michael is the project manager of the 78GH Project. This project requires several members of the project team to complete a certification class for another project the week of November 2. This class causes some of the project activities on Michael's activities to be delayed from his target schedule. This is an example of which of the following? a) Hard Logic b) External dependencies c) Soft Logic d) conflict of interest
b) Before work can begin, the certification class must be completed
Governance framework is important for the success of the project, programs, and portfolios within an organization. Governance framework address all the following items except for which one? a) Alignment with the organizational mission b) Change control procedures c) Performance on time, cost and scope d) Communication with stakeholders
b) Governance framework does not address the change control procedures, so this choice is the best answer.
Mark is new project manager in his company. Before joining this company, Mark worked as a project manager for an IT service provider for more than 20 years. Mark has a deep understanding of electronics, software development, and data warehouse technology and is considered an expert in his field. His current project team, however, is pushing back on Mark's recommendations and challenging his knowledge of the project. Since Mark is new, the project team reasons, he likely doesn't understand how things work in the organization. What type of power does Mark have in this scenario? a) Expert b) Positional c) Situational d) Informational
b) Mark has positional power in this scenario as he's new to the organization and the team doesn't recognize his expertise in the technology. Position power is also known as formal, authoritative, and legitimate power.
q62 In estimating durations with your project team, you must calculate the expected duration with a beta distribution. Your senior technical architect tells you that more than likely, the activity will take 8 days. He is hopeful that he can get it done in 6, however worst-case scenario, it is done in 14 days. What is the beta distribution estimate for this work? a) 9.33 days b) 8.66 days c) 28 days d) 8 days
b) The beta distribution is calculated by multiplying the most likely case by 4 , adding the optimistic and pessimistic estimates, and dividing the total by 6.
You are the project manager for the LLL Project. Steven, a project team member, is confused about network diagrams. Specifically, he wants to know what the critical path is in a network diagram. Your answer is which one of the following? a) The critical path is the network that hosts the activities most critical to the project's success b) The critical path is a path with the longest duration c) The critical path is always one path that cannot be delayed , or the entire project will be delayed d) The critical path is the path from start to completion with no deviation from the project plan
b) The critical path is always the path with the longest duration.
You are the project manager for a consulting company. Your company has two possible projects to manage, but they can choose only one. Project KJH is worth $17,000, while Project ADS is worth $22,000. Management elects to choose Project ADS. The opportunity cost of this choice is which one of the following? a) 5k b) 17k c) 22k d) zero, because project ADS is worth more than project KJH
b) The opportunity cost is the amount of the project that was not chosen.
You are the project manager of the PUY Project. This project requires a chemical engineer for seven months of the project, but there are no available chemical engineers within your department. This is an example of which of the following? a) Organizational interfaces b) resource requirements c) contractor requirements d) resource constraints
b) The project needs the resource of the chemical engineer to be successful. When the project needs a resource, it is a staffing requirement.
You are project manager for your company and you've just created the project's stakeholder engagement plan. This plan is based on organizational process assets and enterprise environmental factors that you're required to use in the project. The stakeholder engagement plan includes all the following components except for which one? a) The relationships among the stakeholders b) The relationships among the project team c) The schedule of stakeholder information distribution d) Communication requirements for stakeholders
b) The stakeholder engagement plan doesn't address the relationships among the project team. The staffing management plan, part of human resources planning, may address team development and how the team interacts.
You are managing an interior decorating project. The walls are scheduled to be painted immediately after the primer. You have allowed 36 hours between the primer activity and the painting activity to ensure that the primer has cured. This is an example of which one of the following? a) Lead b) Lag c) Soft Logic d) Finish-to-start relationship
b) The time between the activities is lag time. The painting activity must wait 36 hours before it can begin.
You are the project manager of the OQH Project and are working with the project stakeholders to determine the project requirements. You and the stakeholders are brainstorming privately as many solutions to the project as possible. After the brainstorming session, a recorder documents all the solutions on a white board so everyone can see the ideas and how they may be related. After the solutions have been documented, you lead the group through a voting process to discuss and rank each idea and requirement that has been proposed. What is this requirement gathering technique called? a) Brainstorming b) Nominal group technique c) Affinity diagram creation d) Mind mapping
b) This is an example of the nominal group technique, in which you ask for as many ideas and solutions as possible, and then rank the concepts to help guide the requirements development.
You are the project manager for the KOY Project, which requires quality that maps to federal guidelines. To ensure you can meet these standards, you have elected to put the project team through training specific to the federal guidelines to which your project must adhere. The costs of these classes can be assigned to which of the following? a) cost of doing business b) cost of quality c) cost of adherence d) cost of nonconformance
b) Training to meet the quality expectations is attributed to the cost of quality.
You are the project manager of the PLY Project. This project is like the ACT Project you completed earlier. What method can you use to expedite the process of organization planning? a) Use the project plan of the ACT on the PLY project b) Use the roles and responsibilities definitions of the ACT project on the PLY project c) Use the project team reward structure on the ACT project on the PLY project d) Use the project team of the ACT project on the PLY project
b) When projects are similar in nature, the project manager can use the roles and responsibilities definitions of the historical project to guide the current project.
Yolanda is the project manager for her company and she's working with the project team to identify errors in the project deliverables. As part of the process, Yolanda and the team must calculate the cost of the error, the materials, the time, and the cost to redo the work. In this instance, in regard to quality management, which of the following is not an attribute of failure costs that Yolanda will need to consider? a) Loss of customers b) Downtime c) Safety Measures d) Rework
c) A safety measure is not an attribute of the cost of nonconformance, but rather a prevention cost.
You are the project manager of the KMH Project. This project is slated to last eight years. You have just calculated EVM and have a CV of -$3500, which is outside of the acceptable thresholds for your project. What type of report is needed for management? a) Progress Report b) Forecast report c) Exception report d) Trends report
c) An exception report is typically completed when variances exceed a given limit.
Configuration management is a process for applying technical and administrative direction and surveillance of the project implementation. Which activity is not included in configuration management? Controlling changes to the project deliverables Identification of whihc project artifacts are controlled by configuration management Identificiation of the functoinal and physical attributes of the project deliverab;es
c) Hopefully, automatic change request approvals are not included in any project. They are not a part of configuation management
You are the project manager for the LMG Project. Your project will have several resource issues that must be coordinated and approved by the union. Which of the following statements is correct about this scenario? a) The union is considered a resource constraint b) The union is considered a management constraint c) The union is considered a project stakeholder d) The union is considered a project team member
c) In this instance, the union is considered a project stakeholder because it has a vested interest in the project's outcome.
q20 Over lunch with your colleague, Bruce, the topic of iterative development arises. Bruce says that iterative development is better than incremental development when a useable delivery is needed early on for a project. Which of the following is true? a) incremental and iterative dev mean the same thing and can be used interchangeably b) iterative dev is planned in complete detail in the planning stage, while incremental dev plans at a high level and developes the scope over time c) incremental dev yields a usable piece of the project in each iteration d) iterative delivery yields a useable piece of the project in each iteration
c) Incremental delivery yields a useable piece of the project in each iteration. Incremental and Iterative development have similar, but not identical definitions and therefore cannot be used interchangeably. Iterative development means that the project is built in successive levels, but it is not always useable in the first few iterations. Neither iterative not incremental develpment involves detailed planning in the initial stages. Detailed planning is typical of waterfall development
You are the project manager of the NH Project for your company, and you're required to use earned value management in the project. The outcomes of earned value management contribute to the requirements and targets for performance reporting. Performance reporting should generally provide information on all of the following except for which one? a) Scope b) Schedule c) Labor Issues d) Quality
c) Labor issues are not part of performance reporting
You are the project manager for a pharmaceutical company. A new government regulation will change your project scope. For the project to move forward and be in accordance with the new regulation, what should be your next action? a) Prepare a new baseline to reflect government changes b) Notify management c) present the change to the CCB d) create a feasibility study
c) Presenting the change to the change control board is the best choice.
You are a project manager for your organization. In your role as the project manager, you are required to cross-train and coach your project team members. Sarah, a project manager in training, wants to know which project documents can stem from templates? What should be your answer? risk policies, organizational policies, scope management plan, historical information
c) Scope management plans can be based on templates. For the record, so can the WBS and project scope change control forms.
Understanding enterprise environmental factors is an important part of your role as a project manager and on the PMI exams. Of the following choices, which one is not an enterprise environmental factor? a) Employee capability b) Infrastructure c) Templates d) Organizational culture
c) Templates are not an enterprise environmental factors, so this choice is correct as the question is asking which is not an enterprise environmental factors.
You are the project manager of the HNN Project and you're working with the project stakeholders, including the project team and the project sponsor, to identify risks within the project. You have identified an opportunity that the organization could take advantage of as an additional revenue stream. As the project manager, what's the best risk response to choose for this risk? a) Exploit b) Enhance c) Escalate d) Share
c) The best response for this positive risk event is to escalate the risk/opportunity. This risk is beyond the boundaries of the project as it is to generate an additional revenue stream for the organization, not the project.
q56 Lucia needs to look up how Joe, a key stakeholder, prefers to be communicated with. Where would Lucia find this information? a) Resource management plan b) Stakeholder register c) Stakeholder engagement plan d) Project charter
c) The method in which a key stakeholder would prefer to be communicated with can be found in the stakeholder communication plan. While it is tempting to select communications management plan, remember that the communications plan stipulates how communication will happen and is based on the stakeholder engagement plan
You are the project manager for the MNB Project. You and your project team are about to enter the activity duration estimating process. Which of the following will not be helpful in your meeting? a) constraints b) assumptions c) the project charter d) Identified risks
c) The project charter is not an input to the activity duration estimating process.
q80 Midway through a software development project, a programmer approaches you and lets you know that she has found an alternate method of performing a task that will save the project and company a great deal of money. What should you, the project manager, do next? a) REvisit this idea in the project retrospective for future b) Do nothing as budget is final c) evaluate this and submit change request d) Implemnet the change to the method of performing the task since it will save money
c) The project manager should always evaluate any suggested change, good or bad, for project impacts. Once these impacts are assessed, the project manager should submit a change request.
q55 What is the purpose of managing stakeholders' activity? a) meet the requirements of as many stakeholders as possible b) Enact the stakeholder requirements that will net the most $ c) Keep stakeholder expectations in check d) gather requirements from stakeholders
c) The purpose of managing stakeholders is to keep their expectations in check. Not every stakeholder's requirements will feasible nor necessary for the project. Managing stakeholders takes place during the executing stage of a project , while the requirements should have been gathered earlier.
q30 Your PMO has asked you to provide a stakeholder engagement plan by the end of the week. What should you be sure to include in your stakeholder engagement plan? a) what communication needs to be shared with the stakeholders b) how communication needs to be shared with the stakeholders c) why certain communication needs to be shared with the stakeholders d) What information needs to be shared with the stakeholders
c) The purpose of the stakeholder engagement plan is to express why information needs to be communicated to certain stakeholders and how that information will manage stakeholders' expectations and engagement. When communication is shared, how it is shared, and what information is shared is expressed in the communications management plan.
You are the project manager of the JHD Project. Your project will cost your organization $250,000 to complete over the next eight months. Once the project is completed, the deliverables will begin earning the company $3500 per month. Which of the following represents the time to recover the costs of the project? a) not enough information to know b) 8 months c) 72 months d) 5 years
c) The time to recoup the monies from the project is 72 months. This is calculated by dividing the ROI of $3500 per month into the project cost.
What would a risk be based on the following information: Marty is 60 percent certain that he can get the facility needed for $45,000, which is $7000 less than what was planned for? a) .60, $45000, $27000 b) .60, $52000, $31200 c) .60, $7000, $4200 d) ..60, -$7000, -$4200
c) This is a tricky question as it's dealing with a positive risk of $7,000. Marty is 60 percent certain he can save the project $7000. The $4200 represents the 60 percent certainty of the savings.
You are the project manager for the CSR Training Project, and 21,000 customer service reps are invited to attend the training session. Attendance is optional. You have calculated the costs of the training facility, but the workbook expense depends on how many students register for the class. For every 5000 workbooks created, the cost is reduced by a percentage of the original printing cost. The workbook expense is an example of which one of the following? a) fixed costs b)parametric costs c) variable costs d) indirect costs
c) This is an example of variable costs. The more students who register to take the class, the more the cost of the books will be.
In your organization, management is referred to as coaches. As a project manager, you are referred to as a project coach. A resource document should be created to handle this scenario. What should it cover? a) How coaches are separate from managers b) How coaches are the same as managers c) How a coach is to complete his job d) How the project team is to work for a coach
c) When project managers, or managers in general, are referred to by different terms, a job description is needed so that the project manager can successfully complete the required obligations.
You are the project manager of the 12BA Project. You have completed the project according to the design documents and have met the project scope. The customer agrees that the design document requirements have been met; however, the customer is not pleased with the project deliverables and is demanding additional adjustments be made to complete the project. What is the best way to continue? a) complete the work the customer has requested b) complete the new work at 1.5 times the billable rate c) do nothing, the project scope is completed d) do nothing, management from the performing org and the customer's org will need to determine why the project failed before adding work.
c) When the project scope has been completed, the project is completed. Any additional work, without a contract change or new contract, would be dishonest and would betray the customer or the project manager's company.
In a centralized organization who is control of the project budget? a) The comptroller b) The project manager c) The functional manager d) The project sponsor
c) is correct; the functional manager is in charge of the project budget in a centralized structure.
The water sanitation project manager has determined that the risks associated with handling certain chemicals are too high. He has decided to allow someone else to complete this portion of the project, so he has outsourced the handling and installation of the chemicals and filter equipment to an experienced contractor. This is an example of which of the following? a) Avoidance b) Acceptance c) Mitigation d) Transference
d) Because the risk is not eliminated but transferred to someone else or another entity, it is considered transference.
q78 Mathew's PMO is looking to be more granular in their project selection method and move to a more mathematical approach to evaluate projects. Which project management method will be most successful for Mathew's PMO? a) Peer review b) Scoring models c) murder board d) Dynamic programming
d) Dynamic programming is a mathematical evaluation approach. Scoring models are a qualitative approach.
q70 Curtis is an intern shadowing you at your consulting firm. You are reviewing project management processes and practices with him when he asks you who should validate the scope of a project. What will you tell Curtis? a) The project manager must validate the scope b) THe customer must validate the scope c) The head of PMO must validate the scope d) Either the customer or project sponsor can validate the scope
d) Either the customer or the project sponsor can validate scope. Neither the project manager nor the PMO can formally accept project deliverables.
Baseline variances, a documented plan to management variances, and a proven methodology to offer corrective actions to the project plan are all part of which process? Change management, The change control system, The scope change control or Interated change control
d) Integrated change control is a system to document changes, their impact, the response to those changes , and performance deficits
You are the project manager of the JKN Project. The project customer has requested that you inflate your cost estimates by 25 percent. He reports that his management always reduces the cost of the estimates, so this is the only way to get the monies needed to complete the project. Which of the following is the best response to this situation? a) Do as the customer asks to ensure the project requriements can be met by adding the increase as a contingency reserve b) Do as the customer asks to ensure the project requriements can be met by adding the increase accross each task c) Do as the customer asks by creating two estimates, one for their management and one for project implementation d) Complete an accurate estimate of the project, In addition, create a risk assessment of why the project budget would be inadequate
d) It would be inappropriate to bloat the project costs by 25 percent. A risk assessment describing how the project may fail if the budget is not accurate is most appropriate.
You are the project manager of the HBQ Project in your organization. This project will last for six months, and you must communicate with 35 stakeholders throughout the project. You and the project team will create a communications management plan as part of project planning. Which of the following will help you, the project manager, complete the needed communications management plan by identifying the stakeholders' communication needs? a) Identification of all communication channels b) Formal documentation of all communication channels c)formal documentation of all stakeholders d) Lessons learned from previous similar projects
d) Lessons learned and historical information from a previous project are ideal inputs to communications planning.
Gary is the project manager of the HBB Project for his organization. He's working with project customers to define the specifics of the project requirements, the project scope, and the defined product scope to help define the quality of the project. The customer asks Gary who is responsible for the quality of the project deliverables. Which of the following is responsible for managing quality? a) the project champion b) the project team c) stakeholders d) everyone
d) Managing quality is the responsibility of everyone - even the project customer. See the PMBOK Guide, 8.2
Communication is paramount in project management and can best be summed up by defining who needs what information, when they need it, and the best _____________________ needed to deliver the message? Choose the best answer: a) Person b) Resource c) Format d) Modality
d) Project communication can be summed up as "who needs what information, when do they need it, and what's the best modality to deliver the message.
You are the project manager for the YKL Project. This project will affect several lines of business at completion. You have elected to schedule each milestone in the project to end so the work does not affect current business cycles. This is an example of which one of the following? a) Constraint b) Expert judgement c) WBS scheduling d) Soft logic
d) Soft logic allows the project manager to make decisions based on conditions outside of the project, best practices, or guidelines.
Employees and employers enter the employment contract with certain obligations. The employee is obligated to work and perform according to requirements. The employer is obligated to abide by the employment offer and pay the worker accordingly. Which of the following states that if workers are rewarded they will remain productive? a) McGregor's theory of x and y b) Ouchi's theory z c) Herzberg's Theory of Motivation d) The expectancy Theory
d) The Expectancy Theory describes how people will work based on what they expect because of the work they do. If people are rewarded because of the work they complete and they like the reward (payment), they will continue to work.
Your project is slated to last three years and will include stakeholders from four countries. In this project, you'll rely on teleconferencing and web collaboration software to reduce the travel costs throughout the project life cycle. Based on this information, which one of the following is a factor that may affect project communication? a) Communication Management b) Management by walking around c) The project length d) Variance analysis reporting
d) The project duration is the only factor that may affect project communication. Project communication is always needed, but longer, larger projects will require more communications than shorter, smaller scoped projects.
Harrold is the project manager for his organization and has seven people on his project team. Who is responsible for executing the project plan and creating the project deliverables? a)Project Lead b) Project manager and the project team c) Project manager d) Project team
d) The project team members are responsible for executing the project plan and creating the project deliverables
Marvin is the project manager of a new project for his company. He's been working with the project team and the project sponsor to keep the stakeholders engaged. As part of this process, Marvin will need four inputs to stakeholder engagement. Which one of the following is not one of the inputs for stakeholder engagement? a) Change Log b) Organizational Process assets c) Communications management plan d) Quality management plan
d) The quality management plan is not an input to stakeholder engagement.
q4 You are having lunch with Martha, another project manager at your firm when she mentions her team's charter. She asks what the possess is for altering a team charter. What will you tell her? a) Altering the team charter requires an approved change request b) The team charter cannot be altered c) The team charter can only be altered by the pm when the project is underway d) The team charter can be altered by any team member at any time
d) The team charter is a working document that the entire project team owns and can alter at any point in time. Making a change to the team charter foes not require a change request in th integrated change control process. The integrated change control process is usually used for adjusting project baseline plans such as the cost baseline. The team charter should be owned and maintained by the entire team.
You are the project manager for the GHB Project. You have served as a project manager for your organization for the past ten years. Practically all your projects are completed on time and on budget. The project team has worked with you in the past, and they consider you to be an expert project manager. They also like working with you. Given all of this, you likely have what type of power on this project? a) Formal power b) Coercive power c) expert power d) referrant power
d) This is referent power because the project team knows you, the project manager, personally.
q36 Larissa is managing a project that is over budget and has exceeded the schedule. Stakeholders are very unhappy and team morale is low. Which of the following options is the least likely to have contributed to this? a) unclear project objectives b) conflicting stakeholder needs c) not gathering all stakeholder requirements d) interpersonal conflicts with the project team
d) While many options can cause severe issues for a project, interpersonal conflict within a team is least likely to be a main cause. In fact, interpersonal conflict within the team is likely a result of other options: unclear project objectives, conflicting stakeholder needs, and missing stakeholder requirements. These issues can result in tension within the team and project strain.
Quality assurance is an organization-wide initiative and is part of your enterprise environmental factors. All projects must adhere to the quality assurance initiatives in your company. Within your project, however, you also have quality assurance efforts and you have quality control efforts. Managing quality is typically a(n) _______________ process. a) management b) project manager c) audit d) inspection
d) inspection. C is incorrect; an audit is too broad an answer for this question. Audits can be financial-, schedule-, or quality-driven.
Stakeholder engagement assessment matrix
defines current state and desired state of stakeholder engagements
Confirming the product requirements are met
done during Monitoring & Controlling, in the Validate Scope process.
Positive Risk Responses
exploit, share, enhance, accept
final performance reporting
the last report to the stakeholders during the closing process.
