TEST3ANATOMY

Blood flow through the circulatory system is affected by pressure differences. the viscosity of the blood. the amount of friction in the blood vessels. the length and diameter of the blood vessels. all of these.

all of these

Blood moves forward through veins because the pressure in the veins is lower than in the arteries. with the aid of contractions of skeletal muscles. with the aid of changes in cavity pressure. because the pressure in the veins is lower than in the arteries and with the aid of contractions of skeletal muscles only. by all of these.

all of these

Each of the following changes will result in increased blood flow to a tissue EXCEPT one. Identify the exception. increased blood volume decreased vessel diameter increased blood pressure decreased peripheral resistance relaxation of precapillary sphincters

decreased vessel diameter

Which of the following would have the greater effect on peripheral resistance? decreasing the diameter by ½ doubling the length of a blood vessel

decreasing the diameter by ½

Blood flow through a capillary is regulated by the endothelium. capillary bed itself. precapillary sphincter. heart action. central channel.

precapillary sphincter

Elderly individuals usually have elevated hematocrits. stiff, inelastic arteries. decreased blood pressure. increased venous return.

stiff, inelastic arteries

The volume of blood ejected from each ventricle during a contraction is called the diastolic volume. systolic volume. cardiac reserve. cardiac output. stroke volume.

stroke volume

Baroreceptors that function in the regulation of blood pressure are located in the left ventricle. the brain stem. the carotid sinus. the common iliac artery. all of these.

the carotid sinus

Which of the following is greater? the normal blood volume of the venous system the normal blood volume of the arterial system

the normal blood volume of the venous system

According to Starling's law of the heart, the cardiac output is directly related to the size of the ventricle. the heart rate. the amount of blood in the circulatory system. the thickness of the myocardium. the venous return.

the venous return

The muscular layer of blood vessels is the tunica interna. tunica media. tunica externa. tunica intima. tunica adventitia.

tunica media

During increased exercise, vasoconstriction occurs at the active skeletal muscles. venous return increases. cardiac output decreases. stroke volume decreases. all of these result.

venous return increases

In which situation would the stroke volume be the greatest? when venous return is increased when venous return is decreased when calcium channel blockers are present when the difference between the end diastolic volume and the end systolic volume is small when the force of contraction is decreased

when venous return is increased

Each of the following factors would increase cardiac output except one. Identify the exception. increased venous return decreased parasympathetic stimulation of the heart increased sympathetic stimulation of the heart stimulation of the heart by epinephrine all of these would increase C.O. Choose this response if "None of the above" qualify as an exception.

all of these would increase C.O. Choose this response if "None of the above" qualify as an exception.

The blood vessels that play the most important role in the regulation of blood flow and blood pressure are the arteries. arterioles. veins. venules. capillaries.

arterioles

Blood pressure is highest in which of the following structures? arteriole artery capillary vein venule

artery

Which of the following is faster? blood flow in the center of a large vessel blood flow along the walls of a blood vessel

blood flow in the center of a large vessel

Edema would be likely to form when the concentration of protein in the blood increases. hemorrhage occurs. blood hydrostatic pressure at the capillary decreases blood osmotic pressure at the capillary decreases. the blood hydrostatic pressure in a capillary is equal to the blood osmotic pressure.

blood osmotic pressure at the capillary decreases

The only blood vessels whose walls permit exchange between the blood and the surrounding interstitial fluids are the arteries. arterioles. veins. venules. capillaries.

capillaries

The vessels that permit exchange of materials between the cells and the blood are termed capillaries. arterioles. arteries. venules. veins.

capillaries

Blood osmotic pressure is most affected by changes in the concentration of plasma sodium ions. concentration of plasma waste glucose. concentration of plasma waste products. concentration of plasma proteins. number of white blood cells.

concentration of plasma proteins

The goal of cardiovascular regulation is to ensure that blood flow changes occur at the appropriate time. ensure that blood flow changes occur in the appropriate area. ensure that changes occur without drastically altering blood pressure. ensure that changes occur without drastically altering blood flow to a vital organ. ensure all of these.

ensure all of these

Compared to arteries, veins are more elastic. have more smooth muscle in their tunica media. have a pleated endothelium. have thinner walls. hold their shape better when cut.

have thinner walls

Each of the following factors will increase cardiac output except one. Identify the exception. increased venous return. increased parasympathetic stimulation. increased force of ventricular contraction. increased heart rate. increased sympathetic stimulation.

increased parasympathetic stimulation