The endocrine system test
Bronze skin color, hypoglycemia, and a reduced ability to cop with stress are signs and symptoms of
Addison's disease
Cortisone
Adrenal cortex
Epinephrine
Adrenal medulla
Six year old Timothy is small for his age and shows signs of metal retardation. What disorder do you suspect
Cretinism
Hypersecretion of glucocorticoids, often caused by a tumor, results in
Cushing's syndrome
Mr. Lee says he felt scared to death when his neighbor's dog bit him. Which of the following did not experience as a result of catecholamine release
Decreased blood pressure
The flight-or-flight response triggers the release of
Epinephrine
Daniella has been diagnosed with Addison's disease. Which of the following does not match her signs or symptoms
High blood pressure and edema
Oxytocin
Hypothalamus
Releasing and inhibiting hormones
Hypothalamus Regulates secretion of anterior pituitary hormones
The lament necessary in the diet for proper thyroid function is
Iodine
That gland that produces melatonin is indicated by
Label A
The pineal gland is indicated by
Label A
The producer of hormones released by the posterior pituitary is indicated by
Label B
The gland that hangs from a stalk from the hypothalamus is indicated by
Label C
The gland that is primarily responsible for regulating metabolism is indicated by
Label D
The glands situated around the thyroid gland that operate entirely under humoral control are represented by
Label E
The glands that act as antagonists to the thyroid gland are indicated by
Label E
The gland that produces thymosin is indicated by
Label F
The thymus is indicated by
Label F
The glands that produce catecholamines are indicated by
Label G
The gland that produces insulin and glucagon is indicated by
Label H
The pancreas is indicated by
Label H
The gland that is the major producer of female hormones is indicated by
Label I
The gland that produces testosterone is indicated by
Label J
A hormone called _____ is believed to play an important role in establishing the body's day-night cycle
Melatonin
Which of the following hormones in not classified as a steroid hormone
Oxytocin
Glucagon
Pancreas
Insulin
Pancreas
The endocrine gland most clearly associated with the hypothalamus is the
Pituitary gland
Which tow hormones play a role in promoting the milk reflex and in maintaining breast milk production in mothers breasts
Prolactin (PRL) and oxytocin
Thymosin
Thymus gland
The target organ of thyrotropic hormone, or thyroid-stimulating hormones, is the _____ gland
Thyroid
Thyroxine
Thyroid gland
The body's major metabolic hormone is called
Thyroid hormone
Aldosterone
adrenal cortex
Glucocorticoids
adrenal cortex
Catecholamines are released by the
adrenal medulla
Norepinephrine
adrenal medulla
Which of these anterior pituitary hormones regulates the activity of the cortex region of the adrenal gland
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Male sex hormones produced by the adrenal cortex are called
androgens
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
anterior pituitary
Follicle-stimulating hormone
anterior pituitary
Growth hormone
anterior pituitary
Prolactin
anterior pituitary
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
anterior pituitary
Releasing and inhibiting hormones produced by the hypothalamus influence the activities of the
anterior pituitary gland
Alcohol inhibits the secretion of
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Alcohol suppresses the production of this hormone, ________, which normally promotes water retention and prevents dehydration
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Which hormone is alternately known as vasopressin due to its effect on blood vessel diameter and blood pressure
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Which one of the following is not a hormone produced by the anterior pituitary
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
A hormone produced by the heart, known as _____, prevents the release of aldosterone in order to reduce blood volume and blood pressure
atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
Insulin is produced by cells of the pancreatic islets called
beta cells
Which of these hormones regulate calcium levels in the body
calcitonin and parathyroid hormone (PTH)
The two hormones released by the thyroid gland are
calcitonin and thyroid hormone
Being lipid soluble, steroids can do all the following except
catalyze cyclic AMP
Which of the following is not typical of the changes that follow the binding of a hormone to its target cells
cellular mutations occur
Polyphagia, polydipsia, and polyuria are the three cardinal signs of a disease known as
diabetes mellitus
The thyroid gland is located
directly below the Adam's apple
Which system produces chemical messengers known as hormones
endocrine system
Which of these hormones is released by the adrenal medulla:
epinephrine
Which hormones regulate the females menstrual cycle
estrogens and progesterone
The hormone that stimulates follicle development by female ovaries and sperm development by male testes is
follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Cortisone and cortisol are types of _____ produced by the middle cortical layer of the adrenal gland
glucocorticoids
The most common stimulus for prodding endocrine glands into action is
hormonal
Most endocrine organs are prodded into action by other hormones; this type of stimulus is called
hormonal stimulus
Home pregnancy tests check for a hormone in the females urine called
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
Which hormone is produced by the placenta that stimulates the ovaries to continue producing estrogen and progesterone
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
Antidiuretic hormone
hypothalamus
When blood glucose levels are too high, the beta cells of the pancreas release _____ to decrease levels
insulin
Which hormone works against glucagon
insulin
Which of the following hormones decreases blood glucose levels
insulin
Beta cells of the pancreatic islets produce a hormone known as _____ while the alpha cells produce a hormone known as _____
insulin and glucagon
Prostaglandins are
lipid hormones manufactured in the plasma membranes of cells
Which of the following is not an effect of testosterone
maintenance of pregnancy
Pineal gland produces
melatonin
The hormone that appears to help regulate our sleep-awake cycles is
melatonin
Which one of the following is not a sign of diabetes mellitus
moon face
The hypothalamus makes two hormones, _______ and ________, that are stored by the posterior pituitary
oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Calcitonin is made by the ______ cells of the thyroid gland
parafollicular
Where is calcitonin made
parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland
Parathyroid hormone
parathyroid gland
Tetany resulting from uncontrolled muscle spasms may indicate a malfunction of the
parathyroid glands
Hyposecretion of growth hormone during childhood leads to
pituitary dwarfism
Sex hormones produced by the ovaries and testes
promote the formation of sex cells
Rising blood levels of aldosterone cause the kidney tubules to
reabsorb sodium
Glucocorticoids do all of the following except
regulate salt content of the blood
Most hormones are
released upon stimulation by other hormones
The enzyme produced by the kidneys when blood pressure drops, stimulating a release of aldosterone, is called
renin
Water-soluble hormones, such as proteins and peptide hormones, activate target cells using
second messenger system
Mineralocorticoids regulate the concentration of ______ and _______ ions in our blood
sodium and potassium
Testosterone can be categorized as a _____ hormone
steroid
Estrogens do all of the following except
stimulate growth of facial hair
Tropic hormones
stimulate other endocrine glands to secrete hormones
The hormone produced by male testes which is responsible for sperm production is
testosterone
A hormone called _____ plays an important role in incubating a special group of white blood cells
thymosin
The hormone responsible for the maturation of white blood cells known as T lymphocytes is
thymosin
Calcitonin
thyroid gland
Which of these hormones prods the thyroid gland to release thyroxine
thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
Luteinizing hormone
Anterior pituitary
