the lymphatic system

Match the following: 1.Axillarry node(s) 2.Cisterna Chyli 3.Entrance of thoracic duct into subclavian vein 4.thoracic duct 5.Collecting lymphatic vessels

1.B 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.E

Lymph capillaries are absent in all but which of the following? A) bones and teeth B) bone marrow C) CNS D) digestive organs

D)digestive organs

The thymus is the only lymphoid organ that does not: A) have lymphocytes B) produce hormones C) have a cortex and medulla D) directly fight antigens

D)directly fight antigens

Digestive tract-associated lymphatic tissue includes all of the following except ________. A) Peyer's patches B) palatine tonsils C) lingual tonsils D) islets of Langerhans

D)islets of Langerhans

Large clusters of lymph nodes occur in all of the following locations except the ________. A) inguinal region B) cervical region C) axillary region D) lower extremities

D)lower extremities

Which of the following is not a method that maintains lymph flow? A) skeletal muscle contraction B) breathing C) valves in lymph vessel walls D) smooth muscle contraction

D)smooth muscle contraction

Which of the following is not a function of the lymphatic system? A) draining excess interstitial fluid B) carrying out immune responses C) transporting dietary fats D) transporting respiratory gases

D)transporting respiratory gases

Lymph leaves a lymph node via ________. A) efferent lymphatic vessels B) afferent lymphatic vessels C) the cortical sinus D) the subscapular sinus

A) efferent lymphatic vessels

The lymphatic capillaries are ________. A) more permeable than blood capillaries B) less permeable than blood capillaries C) as permeable as blood capillaries D) completely impermeable

A) more permeable than blood capillaries

The tonsils located at the base of the tongue are the ________. A) lingual tonsils B) palatine tonsils C) pharyngeal tonsils D) Peyer's tonsils

A)lingual tonsils

Lymphoid tissue that appears as a swelling of the mucosa in the oral cavity is called a(n) ________. A) tonsil B) thymus C) Peyer's patch D) appendix

A)tonsil

Which of the following statements regarding the thymus is FALSE? A) It has follicles similar to those in the spleen. B) It does not directly fight antigens. C) It functions strictly in T lymphocyte maturation. D) Its stroma consists of epithelial tissue

A- it has follicles similar to those in spleen

The thymus is most active during ________. A) childhood B) fetal development C) middle age D) old age

A-childhood

Lymphatic capillaries are present in ________. A) digestive organs B) CNS C) bones and teeth D) bone marrow

A-digestive organs

The thymus is the only lymphoid organ that does NOT ________. A) directly fight antigens B) have lymphocytes C) have a cortex and medulla D) produce hormones

A-directly fight antigens

Which of the following would not be classified as a lymphatic structure? A)pancrease B)spleen C)tonsils D)Peyer's patches of the intestine

A-pancreas

Which of the following statements is FALSE? A) The thymus consists mainly of lymphoid tissue. B) Antibodies mark antigens for destruction. C) T lymphocytes originate from the red bone marrow. D) Only lymph nodes filter lymph.

A-the thymus consists mainly of lymphoid tissue

Which lymphoid organ atrophies as we age? A) thymus B) appendix C) spleen D) tonsils

A-thymus

Tonsils have blind-ended structures called ________ that trap bacteria and particulate matter. A) tonsillar crypts B) germinal centers C) tonsillar corpuscles D) lymphoid follicles

A-tonsillar crypts

) When the lymphatic structures are blocked due to tumors, the result is ________. A) shrinkage of tissues distal to the blockage due to inadequate delivery of lymph B) severe localized edema distal to the blockage C) increased pressure in the lymphatics proximal to the blockage D) abnormally high lymph drainage from the distal region

B) severe localized edema distal to the blockage

Which of the following are functions of lymphoid tissue? A) house and provide a proliferation site for lymphocytes B) house and provide a proliferation site for neutrophils C) furnish an ideal surveillance vantage point for lymphocytes and macrophages D) A and C

D) A and C

In the spleen, red pulp is involved in the immune functions and white pulp is involved in disposing of worn-out RBCs.

false

Like blood, lymph flows both to and from the heart.

false

Lymph always flows away from the heart

false

Peyer's patches are clusters of lymphoid tissue found primarily in the large intestine.

false

Peyer's patches are clusters of lymphoid tissues found primarily in the large intestine

false

The cisterna chyli collects lymph from the lumbar trunks draining the upper limbs and from the intestinal trunk draining the digestive organs.

false

The cisterna chyli collects lymph from the lumbar trunks draining the upper limbs and from the intestinal trunk draining the digestive organs.

false

The most important role of the spleen is to provide a site for lymphocyte proliferation and immune surveillance and response.

false

The simplest lymphoid organs are the lymph nodes.

false

the most important role of the spleen is to provide a site for lymphocyte proliferation and immune surveillance and response

false

there are more efferent lymphatic vessels leaving a lymph node than there are afferent vessels entering a lymph node

false

Highly specialized lymph capillaries called ________ are present in the villi of the intestinal mucosa.

lacteals

The thoracic duct of the lymphatic system empties into the ________

left subclavian vein

The appendix, tonsils, and Peyer's patches are examples of ________.

malt

Hassall's corpuscles are always found in the lighter-colored ________ regions of the thymus.

medullary

The ________ are the simplest lymphoid organs and are found at the entrance to the pharynx.

tonsils

About 3 liters of fluid are lost to the tissue spaces every 24 hours and are returned to the bloodstream as lymph.

true

About 3 liters of fluid are lost to the tissue spaces every 24 hours and are returned to the bloodstream as lymph.

true

Because lymph vessels are very low-pressure conduits, movements of adjacent tissues are important in propelling lymph through the lymphatics

true

Because lymph vessels are very low-pressure conduits, movements of adjacent tissues are important in propelling lymph through the lymphatics.

true

Chyle is delivered to the blood via the lymphatic system.

true

Digested fats are absorbed from the intestine by the lymph capillaries.

true

If even a small part of the spleen is left in a ten-year-old child, it will most likely regenerate itself.

true

Lymph capillary permeability is due to minivalves and protein filaments.

true

Lymphatic capillaries are permeable to proteins.

true

Lymphocytes reside temporarily in lymphoid tissue, then move to other parts of the body

true

Lymphocytes reside temporarily in lymphoid tissue, then move to other parts of the body.

true

Lymphoid tissue is mainly reticular connective tissue

true

The lymphatic capillaries function to absorb the excess protein containing the interstitial fluid and return it to the blood stream

true

The lymphatic capillaries function to absorb the excess protein-containing interstitial fluid and return it to the bloodstream

true

The thymus is the only lymphoid organ that does not directly fight antigens

true

When tissues are inflamed, lymphatic capillaries develop openings that permit uptake of large particles such as cell debris, pathogens, and cancer cells.

true

When tissues are inflamed, lymphatic capillaries develop openings that permit uptake of large particles such as cell debris, pathogens, and cancer cells.

true

digested fats are absurd from the intestine by the lymph capillaries

true

lymphatic capillaries are permeable to proteins

true

the most important of the secondary lymphoid organs in the body are the lymph nodes

true

Lymphatic ________ are formed from the union of the largest collecting vessels.

trunks

The ________ pulp of the spleen forms cuffs around the central arteries.

white

All lymphatic organs are composed of epithelial tissue.

false

All lymphoid organs develop from mesoderm.

false

All the lymphoid organs are well developed before birth

false

Tonsils have blind-ended structures called ________.

crypts

A) Peyer's patches B) Lymph nodes C) Thoracic duct D) Lymph E) Spleen 11) Protein-containing fluid within lymphatic vessels. 12) Stores blood platelets. 13) Receives lymph from most of the body. 14) Small organs intimately associated with lymphatic vessels. 15) Largest lymphatic organ. 16) Isolated clusters of lymph follicles found in the wall of the small intestine.

11.D 12.E 13.C 14.B 15.E 16.A

6.Efferent vessels 7.cortex 8.medullary cord 9.trabecula 10.medulla

6.C 7.B 8.A 9.D 10.A

Select the correct statement about lymphocytes. A) The two main types are T cells and macrophages. B) B cells produce plasma cells, which secrete antibodies into the blood. C) T cells are the precursors of B cells. D) T cells are the only form of lymphocyte found in lymphoid tissue.

B) B cells produce plasma cells, which secrete antibodies into the blood

The thymus is most active during ________. A) fetal development B) childhood C) middle age D) old age

B)childhood

Functions of the spleen include all of those below except ________. A) removal of old or defective blood cells from the blood B) forming crypts that trap bacteria C) storage of blood platelets D) storage of iron

B)forming crypts that trap bacteria

Peyer's patches are found in the ________. A) duodenum of the small intestine B) ileum of the small intestine C) large intestine D) jejunum of the small intestine

B)ileum of the small intestine

Which cells become immunocompetent due to thymic hormones? A) basophils B) lymphocytes C) macrophages D) monocytes

B)lymphocytes

The distal portion of the small intestine contains clumps of lymph follicles called _____ A)islets of Langerhans B)Peyer's patches C)rugae D)villi

B)peyer's patches

Antibodies that act against a particular foreign substance are released by ________. A) T lymphocytes B) plasma cells C) lymph nodes D) medullary cords

B)plasma cells

Both lymph and venous blood flow are heavily dependent on ____ A) the pumping action of the heart B)skeletal muscle contractions and differences in thoracic pressures due to respiratory movement C) contraction of the vessels themselves D) two-way valve

B)skeletal muscle contractions and differences in thoracic pressures due to respiratory movement

Which of the following is not a mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue? A) tonsil B) thymus C) Peyer's patch D) appendix

B)thymus

Lymph leaves a lymph node via ________. A) afferent lymphatic vessels B) efferent lymphatic vessels C) the cortical sinus D) the subcapsular sinus

B-efferent lymphatic vessels

Flow of lymph through a lymph node is slowed due to ________. A) the presence of lymphocytes and macrophages B) fewer efferent vessels draining it compared to many afferent vessels feeding it C) the viscous nature of lymph D) mini-valves

B-fewer efferent vessels drawing it compared to many afferent vessels feeding it

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues include all of the following EXCEPT ________. A) palatine tonsils B) islets of Langerhans C) lingual tonsils D) Peyer's patches

B-islets of langerhans

Small organs associated with lymphatic vessels are termed ________. A) lymph follicles B) lymph nodes C) axillary nodes D) cisterna chyli

B-lymph nodes

Small secondary lymphoid organs, which cluster along lymphatic vessels, are termed ________. A) lymph follicles B) lymph nodes C) lymphatics D) lacteals

B-lymph nodes

Which of the following would NOT be classified as a lymphoid organ? A) Peyer's patches of the intestine B) pancreas C) spleen D) tonsils

B-pancreas

Antibodies that act against a particular foreign substance are released by ________. A) lymph nodes B) plasma cells C) T lymphocytes D) medullary cords

B-plasma cells

Which of the following is NOT a normal component of lymph? A) plasma proteins B) red blood cells C) water D) ions

B-red blood cells

Which of the following is considered a primary lymphoid organ? A) appendix B) thymus C) tonsils D) spleen

B-thymus

Which of the following is NOT a function of the lymphatic system? A) transporting dietary fats B) transporting respiratory gases C) draining excess interstitial fluid D) carrying out immune responses

B-transporting respiratory gases

Select the correct statement about lymphoid tissue. A) Once a lymphocyte enters the lymphoid tissue, it resides there permanently. B) Lymphoid macrophages secrete antibodies into the blood. C) Lymphoid tissue is predominantly reticular connective tissue. D) T lymphocytes act by ingesting foreign substances.

C) Lymphoid tissue is predominantly reticular connective tissue.

Which lymphatic structure drains lymph from the right upper limb and the right side of the head and thorax? A) lumbar trunk B) thoracic duct C) right lymphatic duct D) cisterna chyli

C)-right lymphatic duct

Which of the following is not a function of lymph nodes? A) act as lymph filters and activate the immune system B) produce lymphoid cells and granular WBCs C) produce lymph fluid and cerebro-spinal fluid D) serve as antigen surveillance areas

C)produce lymph fluid and cerebro-spinal fluid

Which of the following is not a normal component of lymph? A) water B) plasma proteins C) red blood cells D) ions

C)red blood cells

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the spleen? A) Clusters of white pulp look like islands in a sea of red pulp. B) The splenic artery and vein enter and exit the spleen at the hilum. C) Red pulp is where immune functions take place. D) The spleen is the largest lymphoid organ.

C- red pulp is where immune functions take place

The blood testis barrier is to newly formed sperm cells as the blood thymus barrier is to ________. A) plasma cells B) white pulp C) T lymphocyte precursors D) mast cells

C-T lymphocyte precursors

What is a bubo? A) a lobe of the spleen B) an infected Peyer's patch C) an infected lymph node D) a wall in a lymph node

C-an infected lymph node

Which of the following is NOT a method that maintains lymph flow? A) skeletal muscle contraction B) breathing C) capillary smooth muscle contraction D) valves in lymph vessel walls

C-capillary smooth muscle contraction

Which cells are the main "warriors" of the immune system? A) basophils B) macrophages C) lymphocytes D) monocytes

C-lymphocytes

From the right leg, lymph moves in which order? A) right lumbar trunk, right lymphatic duct, right subclavian vein B) right lumbar trunk, right lymphatic duct, left subclavian vein C) right lumbar trunk, thoracic duct, left subclavian vein D) right lumbar trunk, thoracic duct, right subclavian vein

C-right lumbar trunk, thoracic duct, left subclavian vein

Peyer's patches are found in the distal portion of the ________. A) large intestine B) stomach C) small intestine D) esophagus

C-small intestine

Lymphoid tissue that appears as a swelling of the mucosa in the oral cavity is called a(n) ________. A) Peyer's patch B) thymus C) tonsil D) appendix

C-tonsil

Select the correct statement about lymph transport. A) Under normal conditions, lymph vessels are very high-pressure conduits. B) Lymph transport is faster than that occurring in veins. C) Lymph transport is only necessary when illness causes tissue swelling. D) Lymph transport depends on the movement of adjacent tissues, such as skeletal muscles.

D) Lymph transport depends on the movement of adjacent tissues, such as skeletal muscles.

What effect does age have on the size of the thymus? A) The size of the thymus increases continuously from birth to death. B) The size of the thymus decreases continuously from birth to death. C) The thymus is not affected by age. D) The thymus initially increases in size and then decreases in size from adolescence through old age.

D) The thymus initially increases in size and then decreases in size from adolescence through old age.

What is a bubo? A) a wall in a lymph node B) a lobe of the spleen C) an infected Peyer's patch D) an infected lymph node

D) an infected lymph node

A sentinel node is ________. A) a lymph node found in the intestinal lamina propria B) the first node at the junction of all the lumbar trunks C) a small node in the spleen D) the first node to receive lymph from an area suspected to be cancerous

D) the first node to receive lymph from an area suspected to be cancerous

Select the correct statement about lymphocytes. A) The two main types are T cells and macrophages. B) T cells are the precursors of B cells. C) T cells are the only form of lymphocyte found in lymphoid tissue. D) B cells produce plasma cells, which secrete antibodies into the blood.

D- B cells produce plasma cells, which secrete antibodies into the blood.

Select the correct statement about lymph transport. A) Under normal conditions, lymph vessels are very high-pressure conduits. B) Lymph transport is only necessary when illness causes tissue swelling. C) Lymph transport is faster than that occurring in veins. D) Lymph transport depends on the movement of adjacent tissues, such as skeletal muscles.

D- Lymph transport depends on the movement of adjacent tissues, such as skeletal muscles.

Select the correct statement about lymphoid tissue. A) Lymphoid macrophages secrete antibodies into the blood. B) T lymphocytes act by ingesting foreign substances. C) Once a lymphocyte enters the lymphoid tissue, it resides there permanently. D) Lymphoid tissue is predominantly reticular connective tissue.

D-Lymphoid tissue is predominantly reticular connective tissue.

Which of the following is NOT a part of the lymphatic system? A) lymph nodes B) lymph C) lymphatic vessels D) erythrocytes

D-erythrocytes

The tonsils located at the base of the tongue are the ________. A) pharyngeal tonsils B) Peyer's tonsils C) palatine tonsils D) lingual tonsils

D-lingual tonsils

Which of the following is NOT a function of lymph nodes? A) act as lymph filters and activate the immune system B) produce lymphoid cells and house granular WBCs C) serve as antigen surveillance areas D) produce lymph fluid and cerebrospinal fluid

D-produce lymph fluid and cerebrospinal fluid

Lymphocytes can develop and mature in the ________. A) spleen B) tonsils C) lymph nodes D) red bone marrow

D-red bone marrow

When the lymphatic structures of a limb are blocked due to tumors, the result is ________. A) increased pressure in the lymphatics proximal in the limb to the blockage B) abnormally high lymph drainage from the distal region C) shrinkage of tissues distal in the limb to the blockage due to inadequate delivery of lymph D) severe localized edema distal to the blockage of that limb

D-severe localized edema distal to the blockage of that limb

Lymph transport involves all of the following EXCEPT ________. A) lymph capillary minivalve action B) milking action of active muscle fibers C) thorax pressure changes during breathing D) smooth muscle contraction in the lymph capillary walls

D-smooth muscle contraction in the lymph capillary walls

Which of the following does NOT contain a mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue? A) appendix B) tonsil C) Peyer's patch D) thymus

D-thymus