The Nervous System!

ganglion

A cluster of nerve cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system is called what?

Myotome

A group of skeletal muscles innervated by a single spinal segment is called what?

motor impulse

An impulse that travels away from the central nervous system is called what?

sensory impulse

An impulse that travels towards the central nervous system is called what?

sense of smell

Olfaction is another word for what?

neurotransmitter

What are chemical that facilitate, arouse or inhibit transmission of nerve impulses?

Neurons

What are impulse conducting cells that possess properties of excitability and conductibility?

Central and Peripheral

What are the 2 major divisions of the nervous system?

dendrites

What are the extensions called that receive and transmit impulses towards the cell body?

axons

What are the extensions called that transmit impulses away from the cell body?

Cerebrum, cerebellum, diencephalon and brain stem

What are the four major regions of the brain?

Sensory and motor input, interpretation, intelligence and emotion

What are the functions of the nervous system?

Nodes of Ranvier

What are the gaps located at intervals along myelinated axons that increase their rate of conduction?

lobes

What are the regions of the cerebrum called?

synaptic vesicles

What are the sac-like structurs in the synaptic bulbs that produce and store neurotrasmitters?

nociceptors

What are the sensory receptors that detect pain?

malleus, incus and stapes

What are the three small bones in the middle ear called?

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

Sympathetic

What division of the autonomic nervous system stimulates the alarm, or 'fight or flight' reaction?

central nervous system

What division of the nervous system contains the brain, spinal cord, cerebrospinal fluid and meninges?

peripheral nervous system

What division of the nervous system contains the cranial and spinal nerves?

spinal cord

What exits the skull through the Foramen Magnum?

mechanoreceptor

What general type of receptor is a Golgi Tendon Organ?

nerve

What is a bundle of neurons held together by several layers of connective tissue?

plexus

What is a network of intersecting nerves in the peripheral nervous system?

efferent

What is a synonym for motor nerves?

action potential

What is a synonym for nerve impulse?

afferent

What is a synonym for sensory nerves?

dermatome

What is an area of skin that's served by a specific nerve root?

reflex

What is an instantaneous, involuntary response to a stimulus?

cerebrospinal fluid

What is the clear fluid called that circulates around the brain and spinal cord?

Parasympathetic

What is the division of the autonomic Nervous System that is involved with the relaxation response?

Autonomic

What is the division of the peripheral nervous system that is involuntary and controls organs, glands etc?

myelin

What is the fat and protein insulating substance around some neurons that assists conduction?

proprioceptors

What is the general term for receptors that respond to changes in muscle length, tension and body position?

Synapse

What is the junction between two neurons called?

cerebrum

What is the largest region of the brain?

volume

What is the loudness of a sound called?

Acetylcholine

What is the most common neurotransmitter responsible for muscle contraction?

medulla oblongata

What is the most inferior part of the brain stem which contains the respiratory, cardiac and vaso-motor centers?

pitch

What is the quality of a sound that is dependent on vibration speed?

blood-brain barrier

What is the semi-permeable wall of capillaries that helps prevent passage of some drugs into the central nervous system?

reflex arc

What is the smallest, simplest portion of the nervous system capable of receiving a stimuli and yielding a response? (1 afferent and 1 efferent)

meninges

What is the special connective tissue that covers the brain and spinal cord called?

Neurology

What is the study of the Nervous System called?

cerebellum

What part of the brain controls muscle tone, coordination, balance etc?

rods

What photoreceptors are sensitive to black, white and gray?

cones

What photoreceptors produce color vision?

PAIN

What sensation can the brain not detect?

photoreceptors

What sensory receptors are located in the retina?

thermoreceptors

What sensory receptors detect temperature changes?

Schwann

What type of cells make up myelin?

chemoreceptors

What type of receptor detects changes in smells, tastes, and changes in blood chemistry?

interoceptor

What type of receptor responds to stimuli from inside the body?

exteroceptor

What type of receptor responds to stimuli from outside the body?

muscle spindles

What type of receptors respond to fast, ballistic stretching and cause reflexive contraction?

Neuroglia (glia)

What's the connective tissue that supports, nourishes, protects, insulates and organizes neurons?

physiopathological reflex arc

What's the term that describes an abnormal reflex arc?

motor nerves

When you move your fingers, what type of nerves are you using?

occipital lobe

Which cerebral lobe contains the center for visual input?

somatic

Which division of the peripheral nervous system is voluntary?

Diencephalon

Which part of the brain contains the thalamus and hypothalamus?

cell body

Which part of the neuron contains the nucleus?

Golgi Tendon Organs

Which receptors are activated by tension and stretch and respond by inhibiting contraction?