Topic 8 Digestive System and Nutrition

What type of hepatitis is usually transmitted through blood transfusions or sexual contact?

B

A diet rich in which vitamins may reduce the risk of free radicals that can cause health problems?

C, E, and A

Which of the following is a digestive hormone that causes the gallbladder to release stored bile?

CCK

What is the relationship between Crohn's disease and inflammatory bowel disease?

Crohn's disease is one of the most common inflammatory bowel diseases.

Today, obesity is often defined as having a body mass index (BMI) of 20 or greater.

False

The gallbladder produces bile.

False- the Liver does

Which of the following is a function of the liver?

It helps regulate blood cholesterol levels.

Why is the pancreas both an endocrine and an exocrine gland?

It secretes pancreatic juice through the pancreatic duct and insulin into the blood.

Why is it necessary to include some carbohydrates in the diet?

The carbohydrate cellulose (fiber) is essential for good health.

What is one benefit of normal flora in the large intestine?

They produce vitamin B.

Swallowing consists of both a voluntary phase and a reflex action.

True

The stomach is bounded on both ends by a sphincter.

True

The stomach produces a hormone that acts on the stomach through positive feedback.

True

Which vitamin is fat soluble?

Vitamin A, D, E, K

Chad was concerned about eating foods with a high glycemic index because these foods can cause

a rapid increase in blood glucose.

Which of the enzyme-substrate pairings is correct?

amylase-starch

Dental caries are caused by

bacteria within the mouth metabolizing sugar

According to the body mass index (BMI) chart, a healthy BMI is

between 18.5 and 24.9.

What serves as an emulsifying agent for fats in the small intestine?

bile

Which of the following is necessary for strong bones and teeth, nerve conduction, muscle contraction, and blood clotting?

calcium

Today, physicians and dentists are concerned that gum disease is linked to ________.

cardiovascular disease

The portions of the large intestine include the

cecum, colon, rectum, and anus.

The thick, soupy liquid of partially digested food that leaves the stomach is called

chyme.

What are the main symptoms of lactose intolerance?

diarrhea and bloating

A deficiency in which mineral leads to thyroid deficiency?

iodine

The small lymphatic capillaries that reside in the small intestine and absorb fats are known as

lacteals.

A serious genetic disorder known as hemochromatosis is often called the rusty organ disease and affects nearly 1.5 million Americans. The disorder causes increased absorption of intestinal iron. Which organ is responsible for iron homeostasis?

liver

Which of the following is associated with the small intestine?

many villi

What is the correct order of the components of the digestive tract?

mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus

The layers of the gastrointestinal tract wall from the inside layer outward in order are

mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa.

Which accessory organ of the digestive system processes and stores nutrients, as well as produces bile for emulsification? Group of answer choices

pancreas

The process that pushes food through the esophagus is called

peristalsis.

The process of mechanical digestion includes

physically making food smaller and easier to handle and the churning of food in the muscular stomach.

Small growths arising from the epithelial lining of the colon are called

polyps.

Which of the following is considered to be an accessory organ of the digestive system?

small intestine

Which of the following is produced by the pancreas?

sodium bicarbonate

Pepsin is an enzyme that digests proteins at acidic pH. Therefore, it must act in the

stomach.

The primary function of the stomach is to

store food, churn, and begin digestion.

The broad band of loose connective tissue beneath the mucosa that contains blood vessels, lymph, and nerves is called the Group of answer choices

submucosa.

Which of the following is a function of the digestive system?

to absorb nutrient molecules

Which of the following is NOT a function of the digestive system?

to deliver oxygen to the body's tissues

What is the major function of the colon?

to form feces

Which of the following will reduce dietary lipids?

using lemon instead of salad dressing

The fleshy extension of the soft palate is known as the

uvula.

About 90% of people suffering from anorexia nervosa are

young women