Totalitarian Government
What country did Italy conquer?
Ethiopia
What are collective farms?
Farms owned by governments. The farmers boosted food production.
What was the outcome of the Spanish Civil War?
Franco becomes Spain's first fascist dictator.
What is the Axis powers?
Germany, Italy, Japan.
Appeasement
Giving in to an aggressor to keep peace.
What is anti-Semitism?
Hatred of Jews.
What was Hitler able to do for the German economy?
He decreased unemployment rates by putting everyone (millions) of Germans to work.
What happened to Hitler in his own "March on Rome" in Munich?
He failed and was arrested. He was sentenced 5 years in jail but only served 9 months
What was the nonaggression pact?
Hitler and Stalin pledged to never attack each other.
What sparked the start of WW2?
Hitler invaded Poland.
What was mentioned in Mein Kampf?
Hitler wrote this book. It talked about how Jews, Slavs, and Gypsies were non-Aryans and were inferior. He also mentioned lebensraum, and how Germany was running out of living space. He used the Jews as scapegoats and blamed everything on them.
What is the Five-Year plan?
It was a plan that set high quotas to increase material production such as coal, steel, oil, and electricity. It's negative is that it caused food and resource shortage.
What does Der Fuhrer mean?
Leader
What does Il Duce mean?
Leader
What is the March on Rome?
Mussolini's army marched to Rome demanding that Mussolini take control of the government.
What were the Neutrality Acts?
Passed by Congress, to keep away from trade outside. They banned loans and the sale of arms to nations at war.
What was the Rape of Nanking?
It was when Japan invaded Nanjing, China. It was an episode of mass murder and rape.
What territories did Hitler gain?
Czechoslovakia, Austria, Rhineland, Sudetenland.
What is the Third Reich
The German Empire
Why was Japan interested in Manchuria?
The area was rich in iron and coal.
Isolationism
The belief that political ties to other countries should be avoided.
What was a positive for women because of Stalin's rule?
Women gained rights. Men and women were declared equal. They were given education opportunities.
How did Mussolini and Hitler rise to power?
Italy-Mussolini Germany-Hitler Both countries were in a state of decline, and their economy was failing. They desperately needed support and the two leaders seemed perfect candidates. Germany thought they could influence Hitler.
What is the Great Purge?
A campaign of terror directed at eliminating anyone who threatened Stalin's power. 8-13 million died. The Bolsheviks were targeted. From this, Stalin gained total control of the Soviet Government and Communist party.
What is communism?
A complete form of socialism. All means of production would be owned by the people, or publicly. There would be no private property and all goods and services would be shared equally.
What is totalitarianism?
A government that takes total, centralized state control over every aspect of public and private life. It's focus was within it's own country, and to expand and strengthen itself.
What is fascism?
A political movement that emphasized loyalty to the state and obedience to it's leader.
What is a command economy?
A system in which the government made all economic decisions.
What was the official state religion?
Atheism
What country used the policy of appeasement?
Britain
Who declared war on Germany?
Britain and France
What is Indoctrination? What was key?
The molding of people's minds based on the governments beliefs. The control of education and Germany's youth program were essential, to train them.
What is Nazism?
The political principles of the National Socialist German Workers' Party. They believed Germany had to overturn the Treaty of Versailles and combat communism.
What was the purpose of the Munich Conference? What was the outcome?
The purpose was to discuss the future of Sudetenland. Signed by Germany, France, Britain, and Italy. Hitler took Czechoslovakia and Mussolini seized Albania.
Who were the kulaks? What was their fate?
They were a class of wealthy peasants. The soviet government eliminated them because of their resistance and growing power.
How would a leader maintain control?
They'd use tactics such as police and indoctrination.
What is Russification?
To force Russian culture on all ethnic groups.