Unit 11 - GI
The nurse admits a client who reports having taken a proton pump inhibitor for more than a decade. What assessment question will the nurse ask this client? A) "Are you experiencing diarrhea?" B) "Do you ever experience flank pain?" C) "Have you noticed any blood in your urine?" D) "When is the last time you checked your blood pressure?"
A) "Are you experiencing diarrhea?"
The client prescribed nizatidine chooses to take the medication once a day at bedtime. What dosage will the nurse administer? A) 150 to 300 mg B) 100 to 125 mg C) 20 to 40 mg D) 5 to 7.5 mg
A) 150 to 300 mg
The nurse at a long-term care facility administers proton pump inhibitors to several residents. Which client should the nurse monitor for increased effects of other concurrent medications? A) A client with atrial fibrillation who takes warfarin B) A client with type 2 diabetes who takes metformin C) A client with hypertension who takes furosemide and metoprolol D) A client with heart failure who takes diltiazem
A) A client with atrial fibrillation who takes warfarin
The nurse expects to find that the major activities of the GI tract decrease in a client experiencing what? A) A stress reaction B) A medication regimen including cholinergic drugs C) A local irritation of the small intestine D) Thoughts of food
A) A stress reaction
The nurse is teaching a client who is to be discharged with an order to use chemical stimulant laxatives PRN. The nurse should caution the client about what potential adverse effect? A) Abdominal cramping B) Rectal bleeding C) Confusion D) Gastroesophageal reflux
A) Abdominal cramping
A client comes to the clinic reporting weakness and myalgia and describes a long history of acid indigestion. The client is tired of using over-the-counter (OTC) antacids "almost every hour, it seems." The nurse should assess for signs and symptoms of what health problem? A) Alkalosis B) Hypocalcemia C) Appendicitis D) Diverticulosis
A) Alkalosis
What does the liver produce that is important in the digestive process? A) Bile B) Glucagon C) Ammonia D) Bilirubin
A) Bile
The nurse is caring for a client who has begun vomiting. The nurse is aware that which part of the client's brain has been stimulated? A) Chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) B) Limbic system C) Hypothalamus D) Medulla oblongata
A) Chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ)
The nurse administers metoclopramide to the client with what condition? A) Chronic diabetic gastroparesis B) Impaction C) Encopresis D) Clients requiring diagnostic procedures
A) Chronic diabetic gastroparesis
29. The nurse is caring for a client who has recently vomited. What physiologic change will have protected the client's lungs when vomiting? A) Closing of the glottis B) Deep respirations C) Production of extra saliva in the mouth D) Temporary reduction in acid production in the stomach
A) Closing of the glottis
When the nurse administers a medication that stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system, the drug will have what impact on the GI system? A) Decreased sphincter tone B) Decreased muscle tone C) Decreased contractions D) Decreased secretions
A) Decreased sphincter tone
The nurse administers loperamide to decrease the number and liquidity of stool by what mechanism? A) Decreasing intestinal motility B) Absorbing toxins C) Binding with fecal material to increase bulk D) Blocking the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ)
A) Decreasing intestinal motility
The client had surgery 2 days ago, and bowel motility has not returned. What drug might the nurse administer to prevent the loss of intestinal muscle tone? A) Dexpanthenol B) Docusate C) Psyllium D) Senna
A) Dexpanthenol
The nurse collects a stool culture from a client diagnosed with traveler's diarrhea. What bacterium does the nurse expect the culture to grow? A) Escherichia coli B) Staphylococcus aureus C) Streptococcus type B D) Pseudomonas
A) Escherichia coli
What should the nurse identify as indications for the use of antacids? Select all that apply. A) Gastric hyperacidity B) Gastritis C) Peptic esophagitis D) Hiatal hernia E) Diverticulosis
A) Gastric hyperacidity B) Gastritis C) Peptic esophagitis D) Hiatal hernia
A client presents to the walk-in clinic reporting vomiting and burning in the mid-epigastria. The nurse suspects peptic ulcer disease and knows that to confirm peptic ulcer disease, the provider is likely to order a diagnostic test to detect the possible presence of what? A) Infection with Helicobacter pylori B) Decreased stomach acid secretion C) Gastric irritation caused by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) D) Upper gastrointestinal bleeding
A) Infection with Helicobacter pylori
The hospice nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with bone cancer who is receiving large doses of opioids. The client has used other laxatives in the past to treat opioid-induced constipation but nothing is working now. What drug would the nurse request the provider to order for this client? A) Methylnaltrexone B) Castor oil C) Paregoric D) Mineral oil
A) Methylnaltrexone
What symptoms would the nurse find to be consistent with a diagnosis of a peptic ulcer? A) Pain a few hours after eating B) Pain described as sharp and stabbing C) Explosive diarrhea within 1 hour of eating D) Unable to stand comfortably due to abdominal pain
A) Pain a few hours after eating
A family brings a client to the emergency department because the client has been hallucinating and, when in a deep sleep, stops breathing when not stimulated. The nurse learns the client has been self-treating diarrhea and suspects the client was taking what medication? A) Paregoric B) Bismuth subsalicylate C) Loperamide D) Colace
A) Paregoric
What is the basic type of movement that occurs in the esophagus? A) Peristalsis B) Mass movement C) Churning D) Segmentation
A) Peristalsis
The nurse administers ranitidine cautiously to clients with evidence of what condition? A) Renal disease B) Diabetes mellitus C) Pulmonary disease D) Migraine headaches
A) Renal disease
The 59-year-old client has peptic ulcer disease and is started on sucralfate. What is an appropriate nursing diagnosis related to this medication? A) Risk for constipation related to GI effects B) Risk for injury: bleeding C) Imbalanced nutrition related to nausea D) Deficient fluid volume
A) Risk for constipation related to GI effects
What does the nurse anticipate will happen first when the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) is stimulated? A) Salivation increases B) Gastric acid production increases C) Sweating increases D) Heart rate increases
A) Salivation increases
The nurse administers lubiprostone to the client with irritable bowel syndrome and anticipates what therapeutic action from the drug? A) Secretion of chloride-rich intestinal fluid leading to increased motility B) Adding bulk to the fecal matter to ease the process of stooling C) Irritation of the inner lining of the bowel to increase bowel motility D) Stimulate the bowel by increasing innervation
A) Secretion of chloride-rich intestinal fluid leading to increased motility
The nurse recognizes the potential for stimulation of the client's chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) in what circumstances? Select all that apply. A) Stimulation of the back of the throat when examining the oral cavity B) Excessive stomach distention C) Increased intracranial pressure D) Stimulation of stretch receptors in the large bowel E) When the client sits up abruptly
A) Stimulation of the back of the throat when examining the oral cavity B) Excessive stomach distention C) Increased intracranial pressure
A hospital client with a long history of constipation has been prescribed cascara. What aspect of the client's current health status should the nurse address before administering the medication? A) The client is immobile and has cognitive deficits. B) Most of the client's meals are brought in by family members. C) The client's preferred beverage is diet soda, and the client is slightly obese. D) The client has type 2 diabetes and takes metformin.
A) The client is immobile and has cognitive deficits.
The nurse collects a nursing history from a client who admits that she keeps so busy that she ignores the need to defecate. The nurse should explain what unintended consequence of this behavior? A) The client's external sphincter will require more distention to stimulate a defecation reflex. B) The client risks becoming incontinent of stool due to loss of sphincter control. C) Stool will become saturated with water as it sits in the colon, resulting in diarrhea. D) Absorption of nutrients from the large bowel will be impaired because the stool will harden.
A) The client's external sphincter will require more distention to stimulate a defecation reflex.
What organs are considered accessory digestive organs because they add in the digestive process? Select all that apply. A) The liver B) The pancreas C) The spleen D) The gallbladder E) The appendix
A) The liver B) The pancreas D) The gallbladder
The nurse questions an order for a proton pump inhibitor when the client is known to take what other medication? A) Theophylline B) Penicillin C) Digoxin D) Heparin
A) Theophylline
. A client with cancer has arrived to receive chemotherapy. The nurse administers prochlorperazine prophylactically before the infusion. What will the nurse's teaching for this client include? A) Transfer or change positions slowly in case of dizziness. B) Temporarily avoid foods that are high in potassium. C) Monitor urine output for 24 hours after being administered the drug. D) Check blood pressure at home on a regular basis.
A) Transfer or change positions slowly in case of dizziness.
The nurse is caring for a 27-year-old female client who has just been prescribed misoprostol. What is a priority teaching point for this client? A) You will need to use a barrier-type contraceptive. B) Do not take NSAIDs with this drug. C) Adverse effects include nausea and diarrhea. D) It protects the lining of the stomach.
A) You will need to use a barrier-type contraceptive.
The nurse is caring for a client who has developed severe constipation. The nurse observes that the client's food intake for the past 24 hours has been minimal as a result of the: A) ileogastric reflex. B) intestinal-intestinal reflex. C) peritoneointestinal reflex. D) renointestinal reflex.
A) ileogastric reflex.
The nurse's assessment of a client suggests that the client's chronic constipation may be the result of overactivity of the somatointestinal reflex. What assessment question should the nurse ask to confirm this or rule it out? A) "How many calories do you eat per day?" B) "Do you often wear constraining clothing?" C) "Do you often ignore the need to urinate and allow your bladder to fill?" D) "Have you been taking nonsteroidal antiinflammatories on a regular basis?
B) "Do you often wear constraining clothing?"
A 57-year-old client is to receive metoclopramide for nausea. What statement by the client leads the nurse to believe that the client has understood the nurse's teaching? A) "During episodes of nausea, I will drink clear liquids." B) "I may be drowsy as a result of taking this medication." C) "This medication should be taken on a full stomach." D) "I will need to take supplemental potassium while I am taking this medication."
B) "I may be drowsy as a result of taking this medication."
The nurse develops a teaching plan for a 77-year-old client who has been prescribed loperamide PRN. The nurses priority teaching point is what? A) "This may cause hallucinations or respiratory depression." B) "Take the drug after each loose stool." C) "The drug remains in your bowel without being absorbed into your bloodstream." D) '"Avoid taking vitamin supplements while taking the drug."
B) "Take the drug after each loose stool."
What client is most likely to benefit from the administration of a combination or aprepitant and dexamethasone? A) A client who is experiencing nausea and vomiting while recovering from general anesthesia. B) A client with advanced lung cancer who is receiving chemotherapy C) A 10-year-old client with gastroenteritis who is vomiting frequently D) A client with chronic pain who experiences nausea when administered opioids
B) A client with advanced lung cancer who is receiving chemotherapy
The nurse is caring for a 2-year-old child who has been having frequent diarrhea. What actions are appropriate? Select all that apply. A) Administer bismuth salts as prescribed. B) Administer loperamide as prescribed. C) Monitor the client's electrolyte levels closely. D) Monitor the client's fluid balance. E) Monitor the client's red cell indices carefully.
B) Administer loperamide as prescribed. C) Monitor the client's electrolyte levels closely. D) Monitor the client's fluid balance.
The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving antacids to relieve GI discomfort. What nursing action is most appropriate? A) Administer this drug with other drugs or food to prolong therapeutic effects. B) Administer the antacid one hour before or two hours after other oral medications. C) Limit fluid intake to decrease dilution of the medication in the stomach. D) Have the client swallow the antacid whole and do not crush or chew the tablet.
B) Administer the antacid one hour before or two hours after other oral medications.
The nurse should question an order for bismuth salts for a client with what condition? A) Rheumatoid arthritis B) Allergy to aspirin C) Hypertension D) Viral gastroenteritis
B) Allergy to aspirin
A client has presented to the emergency department with a 48-hour history of spasticity, malaise, and agitation. Arterial blood gas testing reveals that the client has metabolic alkalosis. What is most appropriate action by the nurse? A) Assess for any history of duodenal ulcers or gastroesophageal reflux B) Assess the client's use of sodium bicarbonate and other antacids C) Assess whether the client has a history of diverticulosis or diverticulitis D) Assess whether the client has been taking over-the-counter H2 antagonists
B) Assess the client's use of sodium bicarbonate and other antacids
What is an appropriate nursing action for a hospitalized client receiving aprepitant? A) Elevate the head of the bed. B) Encourage fluids as tolerated. C) Monitor the clients temperature closely. D) Place an NPO sign above the client's bed.
B) Encourage fluids as tolerated.
A client is experiencing the duodenal-colic reflex. The nurse should recognize what likely stimulus? A) Stool is in the client's large bowel. B) Food is present in the small intestine. C) The client is currently eating. D) The client has begun swallowing.
B) Food is present in the small intestine.
What reflex causes an increase in small intestine activity when the stomach is stimulated by stretching, the presence of food, or cephalic stimulation? A) Duodenal-colic B) Gastroenteric C) Gastrocolic D) Ileogastric
B) Gastroenteric
What is the purpose of the peritoneum? A) Help propel the GI contents down the tract. B) Help keep the GI tract in place and prevent friction with movement. C) Decrease the muscle tone to slow the GI tract from moving too fast. D) Serve as a supportive layer and helps the tube maintain its shape.
B) Help keep the GI tract in place and prevent friction with movement.
A clinic client with a history of heart failure requires a laxative for treatment of chronic constipation. What medication would be most appropriate for this client? A) Senna B) Lactulose C) Magnesium sulfate D) Castor oil
B) Lactulose
The nurse is caring for a client admitted with a suspected malabsorption disorder as the result of pancreatic damage. The client may require supplements of what digestive enzymes? Select all that apply. A) Pepsin B) Lipase C) Amylase D) Trypsin E) Secretin
B) Lipase C) Amylase D) Trypsin
What drug does the nurse administer that inhibits intestinal peristalsis through direct effects on the longitudinal and circular muscles of the intestinal wall? A) Bismuth subsalicylate B) Loperamide C) Paregoric D) Magnesium citrate
B) Loperamide
A nurse in a rehab facility recognizes the client with damage to what area of the brain will affect the client's ability to swallow? A) Temporal lobe B) Medulla oblongata C) Cerebellum D) Pons
B) Medulla oblongata
The nurse, providing client teaching, explains that difenoxin and diphenoxylate are chemically related to what medication? A) Morphine B) Meperidine C) Diphenhydramine D) Diflucan
B) Meperidine
The nurse is caring for a client who has had impacted stools twice in the past month. What is the most appropriate laxative for this client? A) Magnesium hydroxide B) Mineral oil C) Docusate D) Psyllium
B) Mineral oil
A client with hepatitis C has been experiencing symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux. What H2 antagonist would be most appropriate for this client's needs? A) Cimetidine B) Nizatidine C) Ranitidine D) Famotidine
B) Nizatidine
The nurse teaches the client to best promote optimal GI function by including what in the daily routine? A) Exercise, adequate sleep, and avoiding caffeine B) Nutritious diet, adequate fluid intake, and exercise C) Nutritious diet, avoiding alcohol, and cautious use of laxatives D) Avoiding prescription medications, increased fluid intake, and vigorous exercise
B) Nutritious diet, adequate fluid intake, and exercise
The nurse is caring for a client who does not produce adequate mucus in the stomach. This creates a risk for what health problem? A) Gastroesophageal reflux B) Peptic ulcers C) Constipation D) Vomiting
B) Peptic ulcers
The client who experiences nausea produces less stomach acid. The nurse recognizes this as having what effect? A) Increases the feeling of nausea B) Protects the lining of the upper GI tract C) Stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system D) Directs fluid to mucus production in the small bowel
B) Protects the lining of the upper GI tract
The nurse is caring for a client who has begun vomiting after undergoing bariatric surgery. When including this complication in the plan of care, what would be an appropriate nursing diagnosis related to the central nervous system effects associated with an antiemetic? A) Acute pain B) Risk for injury C) Decreased cardiac output D) Functional urinary incontinence
B) Risk for injury
The nurse needs to assess a client to determine whether there is a need for a saliva substitute. Which conditions might require a saliva substitute? Select all that apply. A) Cystic fibrosis B) Stroke C) Cancer treated with chemotherapy or radiation therapy D) Myocardial infarction E) Chronic dry mouth
B) Stroke C) Cancer treated with chemotherapy or radiation therapy E) Chronic dry mouth
A client taking a chemical stimulant laxative and medications for heart failure and osteoarthritis calls the clinic and reports, "I'm just not feeling right." What is the priority question the nurse should ask this client? A) Previous effectiveness of laxatives B) Timing of medication administration C) The amount of fiber intake D) Amount of fluid intake
B) Timing of medication administration
The nurse, caring for a client with cystic fibrosis, administers pancreatic enzymes on what schedule? A) One hour after meals and snacks B) With meals and snacks C) Two hours before meals and snacks D) In the morning and before bed
B) With meals and snacks
Place the following steps of the swallowing reflex in the order in which they occur. A) Larynx rises and the glottis closes. B) Soft palate elevates. C) Pharyngeal constrictor muscles contract. D) The bolus moves down the esophagus. E) Respirations cease.
B, E, A, C, D
What should the nurse tell the client who will begin taking rifaximin for travelers diarrhea? A) "Do not start taking the drug until the diarrhea has persisted for at least 24 hours." B) "Taking the antibiotic will allow you to enjoy the local water and food without concern." C) "Do not take the drug if you have bloody diarrhea." D) "Start the drug 3 days before leaving for your trip and continue until you return."
C) "Do not take the drug if you have bloody diarrhea."
A client has been prescribed esomeprazole. What statement by the client describes safe and effective use of this medication? A) "I should open the capsules and crush the drug into applesauce." B) "It is important that I take the drug after each meal." C) "I need to swallow the drug whole and not chew the capsules." D) "I should always take the drug with an antacid."
C) "I need to swallow the drug whole and not chew the capsules."
A 25-lb (11.3-kg) child is in the clinic because of frequent vomiting the last 24 hours. The nurse is to administer trimethobenzamide. What dose should the nurse administer, and by what route? A) 0.25 mg IV B) 1.1 mg/kg IM C) 100 mg rectally D) 200 mg orally
C) 100 mg rectally
For which client would the use of prochlorperazine require the greatest caution? A) A 4-year-old client B) A client who is 6 hours postoperative C) A client who is pregnant D) A client receiving chemotherapy
C) A client who is pregnant
A client with a duodenal ulcer is receiving sucralfate for short-term treatment. What should the nurse advise the client to avoid? A) Milk of Magnesia B) Calcium carbonate C) Aluminum salts D) Proton pump inhibitors
C) Aluminum salts
The nurse develops a discharge teaching plan for a client who has been prescribed pancreatic enzyme replacement. What education should the nurse provide? A) Take the enzymes on an empty stomach. B) Crush the capsules and take with food. C) Avoid spilling the powder on the skin. D) Pancreatin and pancrelipase are interchangeable.
C) Avoid spilling the powder on the skin.
What priority teaching point should the nurse include when instructing clients about the use of antacids? A) Reduce calorie intake to reduce acid production. B) Take before each meal and before bed. C) Be aware of risk of acid rebound with long-term use. D) Consider liquid diet if diarrhea occurs.
C) Be aware of risk of acid rebound with long-term use.
A client is undergoing chemotherapy and is experiencing severe nausea. The nurse has administered ondansetron intravenously, with good results. What drug effect has this client experienced? A) Stimulation of antinausea receptors in the medulla B) Increased gastric emptying and small bowel peristalsis C) Blockage of receptors in the CTZ D) Recalibration of the vestibular apparatus
C) Blockage of receptors in the CTZ
A client receiving loperamide should be alerted by the nurse to what possible adverse effect? A) Anxiety B) Bradycardia C) Constipation D) Urinary retention
C) Constipation
The nurse is caring for a client who is having difficulty swallowing tablets. What action will the nurse implement to help the client swallow their medication? A) Turn the client's head to one side. B) Place a warm cloth on the back of the client's neck. C) Have the client suck on a Popsicle. D) Give the client a copious amount of water to drink with the tablet.
C) Have the client suck on a Popsicle.
The clinic nurse is caring for a 78-year-old client who is taking a proton pump inhibitor. What assessment should the nurse perform when monitoring for conditions that this client risks developing? A) Pain level B) Respiratory rate and oxygen saturation C) Hemoglobin and hematocrit D) Folate levels
C) Hemoglobin and hematocrit
The nurse is caring for a child diagnosed with cystic fibrosis whose body does not produce pancreatic enzymes appropriately. When planning the client's care, the nurse should address what consequence of this? A) Inadequate secretion of insulin B) Unstable serum glucose levels C) Incomplete digestion of carbohydrates D) Fluid imbalances
C) Incomplete digestion of carbohydrates
The nurse is providing care for a 51-year-old client who has been taking cimetidine for several months. When monitoring for adverse effects, the nurse should perform what assessment? A) Assess the client's lying, sitting, and standing blood pressures. B) Inspect the client's torso for rash. C) Inspect the client for gynecomastia. D) Assess the client for insomnia.
C) Inspect the client for gynecomastia.
The nurse assesses the postoperative client who had abdominal surgery and finds a complete absence of bowel sounds caused by what reflex? A) Gastrocolic reflex B) Renointestinal reflex C) Intestinal-intestinal reflex D) Somatointestinal reflex
C) Intestinal-intestinal reflex
The home health nurse is caring for an 82-year-old client who reports almost daily diarrhea. The nurse should assess for what common cause of diarrhea in older adults? A) Inadequate fluid intake B) Antihypertensive medications C) Laxative overuse D) Inactivity
C) Laxative overuse
The nurse is caring for a client with cystic fibrosis who has recently not been taking prescribed pancreatic enzymes recently. What is the primary assessment finding the nurse will see as a result of this nonadherence? A) Constipation B) Diarrhea C) Malnutrition D) Abdominal pain
C) Malnutrition
The nurse is preparing for discharge a client who has a prescription for sucralfate. When does the nurse instruct the client to take the medication? A) With meals B) With an antacid before breakfast C) One hour before or 2 hours after meals and at bedtime D) After each meal, no more than 15 minutes after finishing
C) One hour before or 2 hours after meals and at bedtime
A client with peptic ulcer disease is experiencing fewer symptoms because of suppression of hydrochloric acid secretion into the lumen of the stomach. What category of medication is this client most likely receiving? A) Antipeptic agent B) Histamine-2 antagonist C) Proton pump inhibitor D) Prostaglandin
C) Proton pump inhibitor
While bathing the noncommunicative client, the nurse notices the client is swallowing vigorously and repeatedly. What should the nurse do in response? A) Offer the client a drink. B) Put the client in a supine position. C) Ready the emesis basin. D) Continue the bath.
C) Ready the emesis basin.
The nurse is caring for a client requiring digestive enzyme replacement therapy. What is the appropriate nursing diagnosis for this client? A) Acute pain B) Risk for constipation C) Risk for imbalanced nutrition D) Bowel incontinence
C) Risk for imbalanced nutrition
The nurse is caring for a client who has sustained damage to his omenta. What nursing diagnosis should the nurse identify when planning this client's care? A) Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements B) Nausea C) Risk for infection D) Risk for aspiration
C) Risk for infection
The nurse, caring for a client about to undergo gastric bypass surgery, explains that the majority of nutrients are absorbed where? A) Sigmoid colon B) Stomach C) Small intestine D) Ascending colon
C) Small intestine
The chemoreceptor trigger zone in a client's medulla has been stimulated. What will most likely occur following repeated stimulation? A) Repeated swallowing B) Decreased respiratory rate C) Vomiting D) Increased peristalsis
C) Vomiting
The nurse is reviewing medication prescriptions. Which is an appropriate dosage and frequency of cimetidine? A) 20 mg PO b.i.d. B) 150 mg PO b.i.d. C) 300 mg PO at bedtime D) 800 mg PO at bedtime
D) 800 mg PO at bedtime
For which clients would it be appropriate for the nurse to administer a laxative? Select all that apply. A) A client diagnosed with a partial small bowel obstruction B) A client being assessed for appendicitis C) A pregnant client who is in early labor D) A client who is recovering from a myocardial infarction (MI) E) A client who has completed anthelmintic therapy
D) A client who is recovering from a myocardial infarction (MI) E) A client who has completed anthelmintic therapy
When caring for a client diagnosed with a peptic ulcer, the nurse administers omeprazole and amoxicillin. What diagnostic finding indicates therapeutic effects of this drug regimen? A) Absence of dyspepsia B) Absence of gastroesophageal reflux C) Increased appetite and absence of nausea D) Absence of Helicobacter pylori
D) Absence of Helicobacter pylori
The nurse admits to the clinic a 7-month-old infant whose parents report that the baby has not had a bowel movement in 4 days. What is the nurse's best action? A) Encourage watchful waiting for 24 hours. B) Administer magnesium hydroxide as prescribed. C) Encourage feeding supplementation with free water. D) Administer a glycerin suppository as prescribed.
D) Administer a glycerin suppository as prescribed.
A college student with migraine headaches that cause nausea and vomiting has been prescribed trimethobenzamide. The nurse should caution the student to avoid using which substance? A) St. Johns wort B) Calcium channel blockers C) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) D) Alcohol
D) Alcohol
Which of these clients would the nurse expect to be the best candidate for misoprostol? A) A 12-year-old child with obsessive-compulsive disorder B) A 22-year-old pregnant client C) A 46-year-old trial lawyer with hypertension D) An 83-year-old client with rheumatoid arthritis
D) An 83-year-old client with rheumatoid arthritis
The nurse is caring for a client who has had a stroke and who has mild dysphagia. In order to promote safe and effective swallowing the nurse should perform what action? A) Position the client in a semi-Fowler position with the head slightly to the side. B) Distract the client during the swallowing process to allow basic reflexes to respond. C) Have the client gargle and spit water before attempting to swallow. D) Apply cold to the back of the client's neck.
D) Apply cold to the back of the client's neck.
Water is primarily absorbed in which portion of the gastrointestinal tract? A) Duodenum B) Jejunum C) Ileum D) Colon
D) Colon
A new mother required an episiotomy during the birth of her baby. Two days after delivery, the client is in need of a laxative. What will be the most effective drug for the nurse to administer? A) Bisacodyl B) Castor oil C) Magnesium sulfate D) Docusate
D) Docusate
A client with an ileostomy has been experiencing excessive output for the past 48 hours. Which medication would the nurse expect the provider to prescribe? A) Cascara B) Octreotide C) Psyllium D) Loperamide
D) Loperamide
A client has responded poorly to conservative treatment for nausea and vomiting as has subsequently been prescribed dronabinol. In addition to monitoring the client's nausea, the nurse should prioritize what assessment after administering the drug? A) Apical heart rate B) Blood pressure C) Skin integrity D) Mental status
D) Mental status
Nutrients absorbed from the small intestine travel directly to the liver via what system? A) Mesenteric system B) Splenic system C) Arterial system D) Portal system
D) Portal system
The nurse is caring for a 9-year-old client who has been vomiting intermittently for 24 hours. What is the drug of choice for this client? A) Dronabinol B) Metoclopramide C) Meclizine D) Prochlorperazine
D) Prochlorperazine
A client with a history of peptic ulcer disease has responded well to treatment with a histamine-2 antagonist. What effect will this drug have? A) Destroy Helicobacter pylori. B) Coat and protect the stomach lining C) Increase the pH of secreted hydrochloric acid. D) Reduce the quantity of hydrochloric acid secreted.
D) Reduce the quantity of hydrochloric acid secreted.
The nurse administers psyllium to a client with constipation. What outcome best demonstrates therapeutic effects? A) The client's bowel sounds are reduced. B) The client remains free of diarrhea. C) The client has two to three bowel movements daily. D) The bulk of the client's stools is increased.
D) The bulk of the client's stools is increased.
The nurse is caring for a young child who has been brought to the emergency department with decreased level of consciousness after a bicycle crash. The client has begun projectile vomiting. How should the nurse best interpret this behavior? A) The child may be in intense pain. B) The child may have eaten heavily before the accident. C) The child likely has a full bladder and is unable to void. D) The child's intracranial pressure may be elevated.
D) The child's intracranial pressure may be elevated.
The nurse is caring for a client who has recently been prescribed misoprostol. What change in the client's health status should the nurse communicate most promptly to the care provider? A) The client has had two nosebleeds in the past week. B) The client's blood pressure is 146/98 mm Hg. C) The client received the annual influenza vaccine 48 hours ago. D) The client believes that she may be pregnant.
D) The client believes that she may be pregnant.
The client is experiencing the effects of the gastroenteric reflex after eating a meal. The nurse can assess the effects of this reflex by: A) inspecting the consistency of the client's stool. B) monitoring the client for the onset of vomiting. C) asking the client to gauge his or her nausea. D) auscultating the client's bowel sounds.
D) auscultating the client's bowel sounds.
